Designing the First Pregnancy Guaranteed Income Program in the United States: Qualitative Needs Assessment and Human-Centered Design to Develop the Abundant Birth Project.

Background: Racial inequities in pregnancy outcomes persist despite investments in clinical, educational, and behavioral interventions, indicating that a new approach is needed to address the root causes of health disparities. Guaranteed income during pregnancy has the potential to narrow racial health inequities for birthing people and infants by alleviating financial stress.

Objective: We describe community-driven formative research to design the first pregnancy-guaranteed income program in the United States-the Abundant Birth Project (ABP).

Persistent large-scale changes in alternative splicing in prefrontal cortical neuron types following psychedelic exposure.

Psychedelics engage the serotonergic system as potent neuromodulators, increasing neuroplasticity in humans and rodents. Persistent changes in cognitive flexibility, emotional regulation, and social cognition are thought to underlie the therapeutic effects of psychedelics. However, the underlying molecular and cellular basis of psychedelic-induced plasticity remains unclear.

Characterization of RAP Signal Patterns, Temporal Relationships, and Artifact Profiles Derived from Intracranial Pressure Sensors in Acute Traumatic Neural Injury.

Goal: Current methodologies for assessing cerebral compliance using pressure sensor technologies are prone to errors and issues with inter- and intra-observer consistency. RAP, a metric for measuring intracranial compensatory reserve (and therefore compliance), holds promise. It is derived using the moving correlation between intracranial pressure (ICP) and the pulse amplitude of ICP (AMP).

Sources, levels, and determinants of indoor air pollutants in Europe: A systematic review.

Clean air is a requirement for life, and the quality of indoor air is a health determinant since people spend most of their daily time indoors. The aim of this study was to systematically review the available evidence regarding the sources, determinants and concentrations of indoor air pollutants in a set of scenarios under study in K-HEALTHinAIR project. To this end, a systematic review was performed to review the available studies published between the years 2013-2023, for several settings (schools, homes, hospitals, lecture halls, retirement homes, public transports and canteens), conducted in Europe, where sources and determinants of the indoor pollutants concentrations was assessed.

Biocompatible EDOT-Pyrrole Conjugated Conductive Polymer Coating for Augmenting Cell Attachment, Activity, and Differentiation.

Developing scaffolds supporting functional cell attachment and tissue growth is critical in basic cell research, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine approaches. Though poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and its derivatives are attractive for hydrogels and scaffold fabrication, they often require bioactive modifications due to their bioinert nature. In this work, biomimetic synthesized conductive polypyrrole-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) copolymer doped with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PPy-PEDOT:PSS) was used as a biocompatible coating for poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel to support neuronal and muscle cells' attachment, activity, and differentiation.

Massively parallel reporter assay investigates shared genetic variants of eight psychiatric disorders.

A meta-genome-wide association study across eight psychiatric disorders has highlighted the genetic architecture of pleiotropy in major psychiatric disorders. However, mechanisms underlying pleiotropic effects of the associated variants remain to be explored. We conducted a massively parallel reporter assay to decode the regulatory logic of variants with pleiotropic and disorder-specific effects.

Staged thoracoscopic internal traction approach for early repair of long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) with distal tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF).

Background: Long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) can complicate the management of esophageal atresia (EA) with or without a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). This series describes a short interval, staged, thoracoscopic internal traction approach for LGEA with distal TEF to manage complex anastomotic tension or an anatomically impossible esophageal anastomosis.

Methods: A retrospective review (2018-2024) was performed across four tertiary centers to identify patients with LGEA and distal TEF, managed with a staged, thoracoscopic internal traction approach.

An Interprofessional Collaboration Between a Community-Based Doula Organization and Clinical Partners: The Champion Dyad Initiative.

As access to doula services expands through state Medicaid coverage and specific initiatives aimed at improving maternal health equity, there is a need to build and improve upon relationships between the doula community, hospital leaders, and clinical staff. Previous research and reports suggest rapport-building, provider education, and forming partnerships between community-based organizations and hospitals can improve such relationships. However, few interventions or programs incorporating such approaches are described in the literature.

Localized Nanoscale Formation of Vanadyl Porphyrin 2D MOF Nanosheets and Their Optimal Coupling to Lumped Element Superconducting Resonators.

A strategy toward the realization of a quantum spin processor involves the coupling of spin qubits and qudits to photons within superconducting resonators. To enable the realization of such hybrid architecture, here we first explore the design of a chip with multiple lumped-element LC superconducting resonators optimized for their coupling to distinct transitions of a vanadyl porphyrin electronuclear qudit. The controlled integration of the vanadyl qudit onto the superconducting device, both in terms of number and orientation, is then attained using the formation of nanosheets of a 2D framework built on the vanadyl qudit as a node.

On the Readiness of Scientific Data Papers for a Fair and Transparent Use in Machine Learning.

To ensure the fairness and trustworthiness of machine learning (ML) systems, recent legislative initiatives and relevant research in the ML community have pointed out the need to document the data used to train ML models. Besides, data-sharing practices in many scientific domains have evolved in recent years for reproducibility purposes. In this sense, academic institutions' adoption of these practices has encouraged researchers to publish their data and technical documentation in peer-reviewed publications such as data papers.

Accuracy of Automated External Defibrillator Pad Placement During Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Simulations.

Objectives: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) victims receiving defibrillation from an automated external defibrillator (AED) placed early in the chain of survival are more likely to survive. We sought to explore the accuracy of AED pad placement for lay rescuers (LR) and first responders (FR).

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected during randomized OHCA simulation trials involving LRs and FRs.

COVID-19 Impact On Black and Latina Women: Pregnancy and Parenting.

The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic presented unique challenges for pregnant women and birthing individuals, particularly those from Black and Latino communities. Understanding the impact of the pandemic on their experiences is crucial for providing adequate support and care during vulnerable times. This research delves into the specific effects of COVID-19 on maternal stress and resilience.

Guideline: Neurorehabilitation in patients with disorder of consciousness. Recommendations from the Spanish Society of Neurorehabilitation.

Introduction: Clinical practice guidelines in neurorehabilitation for adults with disorders of consciousness by the Spanish Neurorehabilitation Society. This document is based on a review of international clinical practice guidelines published between 2015 and 2022.

Method: A total of 7 articles, corresponding to 5 clinical practice guidelines published between 2015 and 2022, were selected by the group of authors from a pool of 48 bibliographic references extracted from various databases in accordance with predefined search criteria.

Loss of does not affect bone and lean tissue in zebrafish.

Human genetic studies have nominated cadherin-like and PC-esterase domain-containing 1 () as a candidate target gene mediating bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk heritability. Recent efforts to define the role of in bone in mouse and human models have revealed complex alternative splicing and inconsistent results arising from gene targeting, making its function in bone difficult to interpret. To better understand the role of in adult bone mass and morphology, we conducted a comprehensive genetic and phenotypic analysis of in zebrafish, an emerging model for bone and mineral research.

Multivariate Modelling and Prediction of High-Frequency Sensor-Based Cerebral Physiologic Signals: Narrative Review of Machine Learning Methodologies.

Monitoring cerebral oxygenation and metabolism, using a combination of invasive and non-invasive sensors, is vital due to frequent disruptions in hemodynamic regulation across various diseases. These sensors generate continuous high-frequency data streams, including intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), providing real-time insights into cerebral function. Analyzing these signals is crucial for understanding complex brain processes, identifying subtle patterns, and detecting anomalies.

The Influence of Likes and Sexist Attitudes on Adolescent Self-Esteem in Social Networks.

The Internet allows teenagers to express their identity through the publication of images and texts on social networks, but sometimes they may develop self-esteem problems as a result. The present study analyzed self-esteem levels, and their relationship with sexism, Internet use and the influence of likes, in 309 subjects, by asking them about Internet use, social networks, self-esteem and sexism. The results showed low levels of self-esteem, although boys scored higher on the overall scale and for hostile sexism.

Incidence of alternative splicing associated with sex and opioid effects in the axon guidance pathway.

The alternative splicing of a gene results in distinct transcript isoforms that can result in proteins that differ in function. Alternative splicing processes are prevalent in the brain, have varying incidence across brain regions, and can present sexual dimorphism. Exposure to opiates and other substances of abuse can also alter the type and incidence of the splicing process and the relative abundance of the isoforms produced.

The total electric charge and time of application of galvanic currents to macrophages can optimize the release of IL-1β with low cell death.

Galvanic current has been emerging as a novel therapy to regenerate chronic tissue lesions, including musculoskeletal and dermatological lesions. Recently, the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β release have been identified as a signaling pathway triggered upon galvanic current application. However, the parameters for the clinical application of galvanic current remain subjective to the experience of the facultative in charge.

Effectiveness of switching strategies in CGRP monoclonal antibody therapy for migraine: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of first switching between monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor in the treatment of migraine.

Background: Although mAbs targeting CGRP or its receptor have emerged as a leading treatment for migraine prevention, a proportion of patients do not respond. While switching between these antibodies is a common clinical practice in such cases, the effectiveness remains a subject of study.

Proteomic analysis of the subsp. SS14 strain: coverage and comparison with the Nichols strain proteome.

Introduction: Strains of the syphilis spirochete, ssp. , group into one of two deep-branching clades: the Nichols clade or the globally dominant Street Strain 14 (SS14) clade. To date, in-depth proteome-wide analyses have focused on Nichols clade strains.

A multivariate analysis to explain residue errors in pathogen concentration in wastewater-based epidemiology.

With the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), which according to Larsen et al. (2021), describes the science of linking pathogens and chemicals found in wastewater to population-level health, received an enormous boost worldwide. The basic procedure in WBE is to analyse pathogen concentrations and to relate these measurements to cases from clinical data.

Exploring robotic advances, applications, and challenges in neuroendovascular surgery: A scoping review of the CorPath GRX system.

Background: The integration of robotics into neuroendovascular surgery has the potential to revolutionize the field by enhancing precision, reducing procedure-related risks, and improving patient outcomes. The CorPath GRX system represents a significant advancement in this domain. In this systematically conducted scoping review, we explore the current applications, advances, and challenges associated with robot-assisted neuroendovascular surgery.

Acceptability of an organ inventory for cancer screening across gender identity and intersex status.

Objectives: To evaluate the acceptability and performance of an organ inventory as an alternative to asking about gender and/or sex assigned at birth in cancer screening.

Methods: We fielded an online, self-administered survey to a convenience sample of English- or Spanish-speaking transgender and gender-diverse (TGD), intersex, and cisgender people (>/=15 years) in the US. The survey contained an organ inventory developed with community input and questions regarding acceptability.