Efficacy and safety of laser interstitial thermal therapy versus radiofrequency ablation and stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Epilepsy is a common neurological disease that is treated with medications; however, patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, commonly intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, tend to have better control with surgical treatment. While the mainstay of surgical treatment is anterior temporal lobectomy, it carries risk of potential adverse effects hence minimally invasive techniques are now being used as an alternative to open surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis compare the efficacy and safety of three of the most used techniques: laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

Exploring the anticancer activities of Sulfur and magnesium oxide through integration of deep learning and fuzzy rough set analyses based on the features of Vidarabine alkaloid.

Drug discovery and development is a challenging and time-consuming process. Laboratory experiments conducted on Vidarabine showed IC 6.97 µg∕mL, 25.

Enhancing detection of previously missed non-palpable breast carcinomas through artificial intelligence.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) reading digital mammograms in increasing the chance of detecting missed breast cancer, by studying the AI- flagged early morphology indictors, overlooked by the radiologist, and correlating them with the missed cancer pathology types.

Methods And Materials: Mammograms done in 2020-2023, presenting breast carcinomas (n = 1998), were analyzed in concordance with the prior one year's result (2019-2022) assumed negative or benign. Present mammograms reviewed for the descriptors: asymmetry, distortion, mass, and microcalcifications.

Discovery of Non-Peptide GLP-1 Positive Allosteric Modulators from Natural Products: Virtual Screening, Molecular Dynamics, ADMET Profiling, Repurposing, and Chemical Scaffolds Identification.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor is currently one of the most explored targets exploited for the management of diabetes and obesity, with many aspects of its mechanisms behind cardiovascular protection yet to be fully elucidated. Research dedicated towards the development of oral GLP-1 therapy and non-peptide ligands with broader clinical applications is crucial towards unveiling the full therapeutic capacity of this potent class of medicines. This study describes the virtual screening of a natural product database consisting of 695,133 compounds for positive GLP-1 allosteric modulation.

Genomic Diversity and Evolution of Identified SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Iraq.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to circulate worldwide, causing the deaths of millions of people. The continuous circulation of the virus, its genetic diversity, the emergence of new variants with increased transmissibility, and/or the capacity of the virus to escape from the immune system constitute a major public health concern. In our study, we aimed to characterize SARS-CoV-2 strains in Iraq from the first introduction until the end of 2023, and to identify their variants, lineages, clades, and mutation patterns.

Gallic Acid: A Potent Metabolite Targeting Shikimate Kinase in .

is a highly multidrug-resistant pathogen resistant to almost all classes of antibiotics; new therapeutic strategies against this infectious agent are urgently needed. Shikimate kinase is an enzyme belonging to the shikimate pathway and has become a potential target for drug development. This work describes the search for Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and natural compounds, including gallic acid, that could be repurposed as selective shikimate kinase inhibitors by integrated computational and experimental approaches.

Drug Repurposing for Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Review.

Cancer ranks among the primary contributors to global mortality. In 2022, the global incidence of new cancer cases reached about 20 million, while the number of cancer-related fatalities reached 9.7 million.

Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of 2-oxo-3-phenylquinoxaline derivatives and related compounds against colon cancer.

We have designed 17 new 2-oxo-3-phenylquinoxalines the chemoselective Michael reaction of 3-phenylquinoxalin-2(1)-one with acrylic acid derivatives. The ester, ethyl 3-(2-oxo-3-phenylquinoxalin-1(2)-yl)propanoate, was reacted with hydroxylamine and hydrazine to produce -hydroxy-3-(2-oxo-3-phenylquinoxalin-1(2)-yl)propanamide and hydrazide, respectively. Further modifications were made through reactions with isothiocyanates and azide coupling with amines, yielding thiosemicarbazides and -alkyl derivatives.

Infective endocarditis in an adult with undiagnosed tetralogy of Fallot: a case report of a rare presentation.

Background: Unrepaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is uncommonly diagnosed in adulthood and only 3% of patients survive to reach the age of 40 without surgical repair. If unrepaired, these patients are at risk for infective endocarditis (IE).

Case Presentation: In this report, we present a case of a middle-aged, previously healthy female whose only complaint was unexplained fever.

drug repurposing using molecular docking and dynamics to target the protein interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 S-glycoprotein and the ACE2 receptor.

The protein interaction between the viral surface S-glycoprotein and the host angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptor (ACE2) is key to the virulent nature of SARS-CoV-2. The potential role that effective drug repurposing strategies may have to help stem the impact of future outbreaks has been brought to light in the recent COVID-19 pandemic. This study outlines a comprehensive approach towards drug discovery which aims to identify hit agents that can be suitably translated into a clinical setting.

Correction: El-Shesheny et al. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b in Wild Birds and Live Bird Markets, Egypt. 2023, , 36.

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Evaluating national infection prevention and control minimum requirements: evidence from global cross-sectional surveys, 2017-22.

Background: WHO infection prevention and control (IPC) minimum requirements provide standards to reduce the risk of infection during health-care delivery. We aimed to investigate the global implementation of these requirements at national levels and the progress of doing so across 2021-22 compared with 2017-18 to identify future directions for interventions.

Methods: National IPC focal points were invited to complete an online survey measuring IPC minimum requirements from July 19, 2021, to Jan 31, 2022.

Dietary recommendations for people with diabetes in special situations: a position statement report by Arabic Association for the Study of Diabetes and metabolism (AASD).

Background: Diabetes is a significant global health concern. Regional factors play a crucial role in determining the appropriate diet for patients.

Main Body: The Arabic Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism has developed a position statement that addresses the dietary needs of patients in the context of low income and cultural dietary habits.

Hepatitis C Elimination in Egypt: Story of Success.

Egypt has long been overwhelmed by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and it used to be the country with the world's highest prevalence rates. The disease had been a significant public health problem, affecting millions of Egyptians and posing severe economic and social challenges. By the early 2000s, it was estimated that around 10% of the Egyptian population was infected with HCV.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in wild rats in Egypt during 2023.

We detected highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in wild rats collected from a rural area in Giza, Egypt, near poultry farms, markets, and backyard flocks. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses indicated that the virus from the rats belonged to clade 2.3.

Could metformin modulate the outcome of chronic murine toxoplasmosis?

Toxoplasmosis is a pervasive parasitic infection possessing a chief impact on both public health and veterinary medicine. Unfortunately, the commercially-available anti-Toxoplasma agents have either serious side effects or diminished efficiency, specifically on the Toxoplasma tissue cysts. In the present study, metformin (The first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus) was investigated for the first time against chronic cerebral toxoplasmosis in mice model experimentally-infected with ME49 strain versus spiramycin.

Protective effect of astaxanthin on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcerations in mice.

Gastric ulcer disease remains one of the common medical burdens affecting millions worldwide due to its prevalent risk factors with the chronic usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at the top, reportedly through the stimulation of oxidative stress and triggering of inflammatory and apoptotic cascades in the gastric mucosa. Astaxanthin, a dietary keto-carotenoid derived from marine organisms is gaining a wide interest as a nutraceutical for its pronounced antioxidant properties. Here, we aim to examine the potential modulatory role of astaxanthin on indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in experimental mice.

Study of P wave dispersion in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and its role in prediction of atrial fibrillation recurrence.

Background: It has been known that increased P wave duration and P wave dispersion reflect prolongation of intra-atrial and interatrial conduction time and the inhomogeneous propagation of sinus impulses, which are well-known electrophysiologic characteristics in patients with atrial arrhythmias and especially paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The objective of this study was assessment of P wave dispersion value in cases with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and its role in predicting recurrence.

Results: Forty-eight patients with documented paroxysmal AF were subjected to clinical evaluation, electrocardiogram and routine Doppler echocardiogram.

Enhancement of biomass productivity and biochemical composition of alkaliphilic microalgae by mixotrophic cultivation using cheese whey for biofuel production.

The growth of microalgae under alkaline conditions ensures an ample supply of CO from the atmosphere, with a low risk of crashing due to contamination and predators. The present study investigated the mixotrophic cultivation of two alkaliphilic microalgae (Tetradesmus obliquus and Cyanothece sp.) using cheese whey as an organic carbon source.

Rapid catalytic reduction of environmentally toxic azo dye pollutant by Prussian blue analogue nanocatalyst.

The release of toxic azo dyes pollutants in the environment from different industries represents a public health concern and a serious environmental problem. Therefore, the conversion of hazardous methyl orange (MO) azo dye to environmentally benign products is a critical demand. In this work, an eco-friendly Prussian blue analogue (PBA) was synthesized and its catalytic activity toward the reduction of MO was investigated.

Outcomes of para-sacral transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation in treatment of primary and refractory overactive bladder among children.

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) is the most prevalent lower urinary tract dysfunction among children. Refractory OAB lacks response to the first line treatments, including anticholinergic, and it is a major clinical challenge. This study aims to compare the efficacy of para-sacral transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (PS-TENS) in the treatment of primary and refractory OAB among children.

Impacts of enzymes and probiotic in improving the utilization of sieved olive pulp meal in growing rabbit diets.

Objective: This research assesses the utilization of sieved olive pulp (SOP) in the diet of growing rabbits through the use of an exogenous enzyme or dry yeast as a pretreatment.

Materials And Methods: One hundred sixty-eight male V-Line rabbits aged 5 weeks (weighing 550 ± 25 gm) were randomly divided into seven groups with eight replicates each as follows: the control group was fed a basal diet without supplementation; while the other six groups were fed basal diets containing 20% and 25% of SOP and supplemented with 0.1 gm/kg Econase (E), 0.

Genetic and virological characteristics of a reassortant avian influenza A H6N1 virus isolated from wild birds at a live-bird market in Egypt.

The first detection of a human infection with avian influenza A/H6N1 virus in Taiwan in 2013 has raised concerns about this virus. During our routine surveillance of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in live-bird markets in Egypt, an H6N1 virus was isolated from a garganey duck and was characterized. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Egyptian H6N1 strain A/Garganey/Egypt/20869C/2022(H6N1) has a unique genomic constellation, with gene segments inherited from different subtypes (H5N1, H3N8, H7N3, H6N1, and H10N1) that have been detected previously in AIVs from Egypt and some Eurasian countries.