Strong-field quantum control in the extreme ultraviolet domain using pulse shaping.

Tailored light-matter interactions in the strong coupling regime enable the manipulation and control of quantum systems with up to unit efficiency, with applications ranging from quantum information to photochemistry. Although strong light-matter interactions are readily induced at the valence electron level using long-wavelength radiation, comparable phenomena have been only recently observed with short wavelengths, accessing highly excited multi-electron and inner-shell electron states. However, the quantum control of strong-field processes at short wavelengths has not been possible, so far, because of the lack of pulse-shaping technologies in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and X-ray domain.

Regulation of ICAM-1 in cells of the monocyte/macrophage system in microgravity.

Cells of the immune system are highly sensitive to altered gravity, and the monocyte as well as the macrophage function is proven to be impaired under microgravity conditions. In our study, we investigated the surface expression of ICAM-1 protein and expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in cells of the monocyte/macrophage system in microgravity during clinostat, parabolic flight, sounding rocket, and orbital experiments. In murine BV-2 microglial cells, we detected a downregulation of ICAM-1 expression in clinorotation experiments and a rapid and reversible downregulation in the microgravity phase of parabolic flight experiments.

A primary culture system of mouse thick ascending limb cells with preserved function and uromodulin processing.

The epithelial cells lining the thick ascending limb (TAL) of the loop of Henle perform essential transport processes and secrete uromodulin, the most abundant protein in normal urine. The lack of differentiated cell culture systems has hampered studies of TAL functions. Here, we report a method to generate differentiated primary cultures of TAL cells, developed from microdissected tubules obtained in mouse kidneys.

[A very rare submucosal tumour of the rectum - primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the rectum wall].

A 56-year-old female, with a past history of hysterectomy 13 years previously due to uterine myomata, presented with complaints of pain around the anus of a few months duration. Three years previously she underwent a colonoscopy, which was found to be unremarkable. A high suspicion of a submucosal tumour of the rectum in endoscopic examinations was confirmed by endoscopic ultrasound.

Rapid alterations of cell cycle control proteins in human T lymphocytes in microgravity.

In our study we aimed to identify rapidly reacting gravity-responsive mechanisms in mammalian cells in order to understand if and how altered gravity is translated into a cellular response. In a combination of experiments using "functional weightlessness" provided by 2D-clinostats and real microgravity provided by several parabolic flight campaigns and compared to in-flight-1g-controls, we identified rapid gravity-responsive reactions inside the cell cycle regulatory machinery of human T lymphocytes. In response to 2D clinorotation, we detected an enhanced expression of p21 Waf1/Cip1 protein within minutes, less cdc25C protein expression and enhanced Ser147-phosphorylation of cyclinB1 after CD3/CD28 stimulation.

[Severe acute left heart failure with pulmonary edema following cesarean section].

Background: Severe left heart failure shortly after delivery in a previously asymptomatic young woman can be caused by a peripartum cardiomyopathy, an exacerbation of valvular heart disease due to both congenital or acquired etiologies, a sustained chronic tachyarrhythmia (tachycardiomyopathy), a fulminant pulmonary embolism, or an infective endocarditis.

Case Study: 2 days following cesarean section, a 36-year-old primipara without known previous heart disease suffered from severe left heart failure with pulmonary edema (Figure 1) due to an acute bacterial aortic valve endocarditis. The infecting organisms were beta-hemolytic group A streptococci.

[Mitoxantrone-induced acute left heart failure after intrapleural administration].

A 79-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a malignant pleural effusion following mastectomy 4 years ago. In the patient's history arterial hypertension and previous inferior myocardial infarction have been known. Two doses of 20 mg mitoxantrone were installed intrapleurally at an interval of 4 weeks.

[Ohtahara syndrome].

Attacks of cerebral spasm occur in 1.5 to 5 per thousand newborn post partum. Basing on the rare Ohtahara's syndrome it is shown that the obstetrician can be exonerated from the suspicion of a trauma occurring during childbirth and causing the spasms, only if a precise and detailed documentation of the entire obstetric procedure is prepared an differentiated neuropaediatric diagnosis is performed.

[Abdominal pregnancy. Case report and review of the literature].

Two cases of abdominal pregnancy are presented. Since this type of pregnancy has an incidence rate of 1.6% of all ectopic pregnancies only, it must be classified as a rare occurrence.