The effectiveness of beta-blockers in women with congestive heart failure.

Background: Beta-blockers have been shown to improve survival in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). However, few studies have looked at the effects of these medications specifically in women.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of beta-blockers in women with CHF.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and survival in women and men with heart failure.

Background: Several randomized controlled trials demonstrate that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors improve survival in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). However, whether ACE inhibitors benefit both sexes is not adequately addressed.

Purpose: Our objective was to determine the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors in women with CHF.

Gene-drug interaction: additive influence of mutant APOA1 and testosterone on plasma HDL-cholesterol.

Objectives: Factors associated with decreased plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration, or hypoalphalipoproteinemia, include androgenic steroids and mutations in APOA1, encoding apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, the main structural protein of HDL. However, there is little information regarding the extent of plasma HDL lowering when exogenous testosterone is used in subjects with monogenic low HDL.

Design And Methods: A man with coronary heart disease (CHD) had been receiving exogenous testosterone post-orchidectomy.