Platelet Function, Platelet Size and Content of Reticulated Platelets: Interactions in Patients Receiving Dual Antiplatelet Therapy.

Increased platelet activity is a risk factor of thrombotic events in cardiovascular patients. We studied the relationship between platelet function, platelet size, and the content of reticulated platelets (RP) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD, n = 55) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS, n = 95) receiving acetylsalicylic acid + clopidogrel or ticagrelor, respectively. The control group consisted of patients with risk factors for CHD, but with no CHD/ACS and free of antiplatelet drugs (n = 66).

Assessment of platelet functional activity in healthy individuals and patients receiving antiplatelet therapy. Possible inconsistencies between aggregation and flow cytometry tests.

Platelet functional activity was assessed in healthy volunteers (HV, n=92), patients with stable angina pectoris (SA, n=42) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS, n=73), treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) + clopidogrel and ASA + ticagrelor, respectively. In all HV and patients we have compared parameters of platelet aggregation (maximum light transmission and velocity, Tmax and Vmax) and parameters, characterizing exposure of platelet activation markers, evaluated by flow cytometry. HV platelets were activated by 10 μM, 1 μM TRAP, and 20 μM, 5 μM, 2.

[Experience of clinical use of fluvoxamine for the treatment of comorbid depression in childhood and adolescence].

Objective: To identify the frequency of administration of fluvoxamine, to determine the main targets of the drug and the expediency of its use in depression of various genesis in children and adolescents.

Material And Methods: To assess the frequency of prescribing fluvoxamine, 195 medical histories of patients who were inpatients in the children's department of the Mental Health Research Center in 2023 were analyzed. To assess the dynamics of depression during treatment with fluvoxamine, a clinical group was formed of 12 patients aged 10 to 15 years (age 13.

[Coagulation activity of circulating membrane microparticles in patients with cardiovascular diseases].

Membrane microparticles (MP) are released by activated or damaged cells and are able to accelerate blood clotting (coagulation). MP possess coagulation activity since all of them contain on their surface phosphatidylserine (PS), a substrate for the assembly of coagulation complexes, and some of them tissue factor (TF), the primary initiator of coagulation cascade reactions. We compared the coagulation activity and amount of MP in the blood of healthy donors (n=34) and patients with myocardial infarction (MI) (n=32), advanced atherosclerosis (AA) (n=32) and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) (n=19).

Fabrication, Microstructure and Colloidal Stability of Humic Acids Loaded FeO/APTES Nanosorbents for Environmental Applications.

Nowadays, numerous researches are being performed to formulate nontoxic multifunctional magnetic materials possessing both high colloidal stability and magnetization, but there is a demand in the prediction of chemical and colloidal stability in water solutions. Herein, a series of silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) has been synthesized via the sol-gel method with and without establishing an inert atmosphere, and then it was tested in terms of humic acids (HA) loading applied as a multifunctional coating agent. The influence of ambient conditions on the microstructure, colloidal stability and HA loading of different silica-coated MNPs has been established.

[Coagulation properties of erythrocyte derived membrane microparticles].

Membrane microparticles (MP) produced upon cell activation and/or damage possess coagulation activity, i.e. ability to accelerate blood clotting.

Maternal incompatibilities with fetal human platelet alloantigens -1a, -1b and -15 are the main causes of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia in Russia.

Aim: Mechanisms underlying the development of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) in in Russia have been studied.

Materials And Methods: Genetic polymorphisms of human platelet alloantigens (HPA) -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, and -15 were evaluated in 27 families having the newborns with NAIT. NAIT was diagnosed according to the following criteria: (1) newborn with thrombocytopenia; (2) mother with no thrombocytopenia and no increase of platelet associated IgG, (3) presence of antibodies reacting with paternal platelets in maternal plasma / serum.

Circulating antiplatelet antibodies in pregnant women with immune thrombocytopenic purpura as predictors of thrombocytopenia in the newborns.

Newborns from mothers with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) have a risk of thrombocytopenia due to passage of maternal antiplatelet antibodies into fetal/neonatal circulation. We looked for predictors of neonatal thrombocytopenia (nTP) in pregnant women with ITP. One hundred pregnant women with platelet count <100 × 10/l, no non-immune causes of thrombocytopenia and increased platelet associated IgG (PA-IgG) were included in the study.

Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured MnO-CoO and its relevance as an opto-electronic humidity sensing device.

Metal carboxylates are widely used in science and technology and have been the subject of intense studies due to the practical importance of their products. The present paper reports the synthesis of MnO-CoO using metal carboxylates as precursors and the effect of humidity on the transmitted power through its thin film at room temperature. The refractive index of the material was found to be 1.

Platelet subpopulation bearing leukocyte specific antigen and tissue factor.

Platelets bearing leukocyte antigen CD45 were identified in the blood of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and healthy donors by flow cytofluorimetry. Part of these platelets contained tissue factor (TF)-primary initiator of blood clotting. The number of CD45 and CD45/TF platelets in MI patients at the first day was comparable with their level in healthy donors, but was increased at 8-12 days after MI onset.

Differential procoagulant activity of microparticles derived from monocytes, granulocytes, platelets and endothelial cells: impact of active tissue factor.

: Microparticles released by activated/apoptotic cells exhibit coagulation activity as they express phosphatidylserine and some of them - tissue factor. We compared procoagulant properties of microparticles from monocytes, granulocytes, platelets and endothelial cells and assessed the impact of tissue factor in observed differences. Microparticles were sedimented (20 000g, 30 min) from the supernatants of activated monocytes, monocytic THP-1 cells, granulocytes, platelets and endothelial cells.

Comparison of the size of membrane microparticles of different cellular origin by dynamic light scattering.

Size of membrane microparticles (MPs) from blood plasma and MPs produced in vitro by activated endothelial cells (ECs), monocytes, THP-1 monocytic cells, granulocytes, and platelets was evaluated by dynamic light scattering. MPs were sedimented from the culture media, cell supernatants, and plasma at 20 000 g for 30 min. Average diameters of all types of MPs ranged from 300 to 600 nm.

Activity of Tissue Factor in Microparticles Produced in vitro by Endothelial Cells, Monocytes, Granulocytes, and Platelets.

Activity of tissue factor (TF) in membrane microparticles (MPs) produced in vitro by endothelial cells (ECs), monocytes, THP-1 monocytic cells, granulocytes, and platelets was investigated. ECs were isolated from human umbilical vein, and monocytes, granulocytes, and platelets - from the blood of healthy donors. ECs, monocytes, and THP-1 cells were activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide, granulocytes - by lipopolysaccharide or phorbol myristate acetate, and platelets - by SFLLRN, thrombin receptor-activating peptide.

Relationships of mean platelet volume and plasma thrombopoietin with glycocalicin levels in thrombocytopenic patients.

Backgrounds/aims: Relationships of mean platelet volume (MPV) and thrombopoietin (TPO) with platelet turnover assessed by glycocalicin measurement were evaluated in thrombocytopenic patients.

Methods: MPV, glycocalicin and platelet-associated IgG (PA-IgG) were measured in 107 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and 19 patients with hypoproductive thrombocytopenia (HPT; aplastic anemia or leukemia), and TPO was measured in 53 ITP and 12 HPT patients. All the included ITP patients had PA-IgG ≥300% and glycocalicin ≥50% of control values, and HPT patients had PA-IgG <300% and glycocalicin <50% of control values.

[The effect of treatment of chrysotile with chloride iron (III) on the effect of genomic instability in cultured human lymphocytes].

All forms of asbestos are carcinogenic to humans, that caused the prohibition of its use in Europe, America, etc. However, the unique physical and chemical properties of asbestos and many opportunities for its applications in various industries and human activities require the creation of new technologies to. Analysis of genomic instability in human lymphocytes in a large range of doses (micronucleus test with cytochalasin B showed a decline of core indicators of genome instability (frequency of dividing cells with cytogenetic damage, asymmetry in the distribution of the genetic material in mitosis, proliferative activity) incubation of cells with asbestos modified chloride iron, as compared to the initial sample.

Efficiency at maximum power of motor traffic on networks.

We study motor traffic on Bethe networks subject to hard-core exclusion for both tightly coupled one-state machines and loosely coupled two-state machines that perform work against a constant load. In both cases we find an interaction-induced enhancement of the efficiency at maximum power (EMP) as compared to noninteracting motors. The EMP enhancement occurs for a wide range of network and single-motor parameters and is due to a change in the characteristic load-velocity relation caused by phase transitions in the system.

Entropy-generated power and its efficiency.

We propose a simple and analytically solvable model for a motor that generates mechanical motion by exploiting an entropic force arising from the topology of the underlying phase space. We show that the generation of mechanical forces in our system is surprisingly robust to local changes in kinetic and topological parameters. Furthermore, we find that the efficiency at maximum power of the motor may show discontinuities.

Maximum power operation of interacting molecular motors.

We study the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of different traffic models for kinesin which are relevant in biological and experimental contexts. We find that motor-motor interactions play a fundamental role by enhancing the thermodynamic efficiency at maximum power of the motors, as compared to the noninteracting system, in a wide range of biologically compatible scenarios. We furthermore consider the case where the motor-motor interaction directly affects the internal chemical cycle and investigate the effect on the system dynamics and thermodynamics.

Efficiency at maximum power of interacting molecular machines.

We investigate the efficiency of systems of molecular motors operating at maximum power. We consider two models of kinesin motors on a microtubule: for both the simplified and the detailed model, we find that the many-body exclusion effect enhances the efficiency at maximum power of the many-motor system, with respect to the single motor case. Remarkably, we find that this effect occurs in a limited region of the system parameters, compatible with the biologically relevant range.

[Platelet aggregation upon acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel treatment and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa content in patients with acute coronary syndrome].

Interaction between aggregating activity of platelets and glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa (fibrinogen receptor) content on their surface was investigated in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Eighty nine ACS patients were included into the study - 69 with and 20 without elevation of ST segment. Blood was collected within the first hour of admission to the clinic (1 day), and then at 3-5 and 8-12 days.

5'-phosphonate derivatives of 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine as new anti-HIV prodrugs.

Two new phosphonate 3TC prodrugs were synthesized and studied in MT-4 cells as inhibitors of HIV replication. Their pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated following intragastric administration in rabbits and oral administration in dogs. Both compounds were much less toxic than parent 3TC in cell cultures and could generate the active nucleoside in laboratory animals.

Base-modified ribonucleosides as potential anti-hepatitis C virus agents.

Four novel series of base modified ribonucleoside analogues were synthesized and evaluated as potential anti-HCV agents. For two compounds notable anti-HCV activity was observed The triphosphates of bicyclic pyrimidine ribonucleosides were studied as substrates/inhibitors of HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp, NS5B protein) and RNA helicase/NTPase (NS3 protein).

Damage and activation of endothelial cells during in vitro hypoxia.

We studied the effect of hypoxia on activation and stimulation of apoptosis in cultured endothelial cells. The effect of hypoxia was compared to that of apoptosis-inducing agents (tumor necrosis factor and bacterial lipopolysaccharide). Incubation of endothelial cells for 24 h under hypoxic conditions (2% O2, 5% CO2, and 93% N2) increased secretion of von Willebrand factor, but had no effect on the expression of cell adhesion molecule ICAM-1.

Hepatitis C virus helicase/NTPase: an efficient expression system and new inhibitors.

A method has been developed for obtaining a full-length protein NS3 of hepatitis C virus with the yield of 6.5 mg/liter of cell culture, and conditions for measuring its NTPase and helicase activities have been optimized. The helicase reaction can proceed in two modes depending on the enzyme and substrate concentration ratio: it can be non-catalytic in the case of enzyme excess and catalytic in the case of tenfold substrate excess.