Comparative effects of three mucoadhesive gels containing lidocaine, zinc acetate, and tannic acid on the gag reflex of dental patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Background: This study aimed to compare the effects of three mucoadhesive gels containing lidocaine, zinc acetate, and tannic acid on the gag reflex of dental patients.

Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 228 dental patients with gag reflex. The patients were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 57) of placebo, 2% lidocaine, 2% tannic acid, and 2% zinc acetate.

Comparative efficacy of pharmaceutical (Ibuprofen) and non-pharmaceutical (photobiomodulation, and chewing gum) interventions for pain reduction after elastomeric separator placement in orthodontic patients: a randomized clinical trial.

This study compared the efficacy of pharmaceutical (ibuprofen) and non-pharmaceutical (photobiomodulation and chewing gum) interventions for pain reduction after elastomeric separator placement in orthodontic patients. This 3-arm, parallel-group randomized clinical trial was conducted on 90 orthodontic patients. The level of anxiety and pain threshold of patients were measured at baseline using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and an algometer, respectively.

Evaluation of Serum/Plasma Levels of Interleukins (IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, and IL-23) in Adults and Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep. We aimed to evaluate serum/plasma levels of several cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, and IL-23) in a systematic review meta-analysis in both adults and children with OSA compared with controls. We conducted a comprehensive search of 4 digital databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) up until October 19, 2023, without any limitations.

Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-8, and Interferon-γ with Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Both Children and Adults: A Meta-Analysis of 102 Articles.

: Cytokines may have a significant impact on sleep regulation. In this meta-analysis, we present the serum/plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in both children and adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in comparison to controls. : Four electronic databases were systematically searched (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) through 19 October 2023, without any restrictions on language, date, age, and sex.

Correlation of social smile symmetry with facial symmetry.

Background: This study aimed to assess the correlation of social smile symmetry with facial symmetry.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, frontal view photographs were obtained from 169 eligible patients at rest and smiling with a camera at the level of their nose tip. Several landmarks were selected for facial symmetry and measured at rest and social smiling at the two sides of the face.

Pharyngeal airway dimensions in Iranian female young adults with different skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography.

Objectives: To assess the oropharyngeal airway in Iranian female young adults with different skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study evaluated 105 CBCT scans of female patients between 18 and 35 years retrieved from the archives of a radiology clinic. The images were evaluated in axial, sagittal, and frontal sections.

Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Changes of Plasma/Serum Ghrelin and Evaluation of These Changes between Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Controls: A Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can be related to high ghrelin hormone levels that may encourage additional energy intake. Herein, a new systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to check the changes in serum/plasma levels of ghrelin in adults with OSA compared to controls, as well as before compared after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in adults with OSA.

Materials And Methods: Four main databases were systematically and comprehensively searched until 17 October 2022, without any restrictions.

Efficacy of a smartphone application as an aid to enhance the instruction of radiographic differential diagnosis of maxillofacial bony lesions.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a smartphone application for instruction of radiographic differential diagnosis of maxillofacial bony lesions as an aid to enhance to traditional learning (lecture-based learning) for dental students.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study evaluated 50 fifth-year dental students who were randomly divided into two groups. The two groups were matched in terms of grade point average to ensure their equal baseline knowledge level.

Optimal gingival display on smiling based on different facial vertical patterns in Iranians.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the optimal gingival display on smiling on the basis of different facial vertical patterns in Iranians from the perspective of laypeople, maxillofacial surgeons, and orthodontists.

Methods: Photographs were obtained from short-faced, normal-faced, and long-faced males and females (1 male and 1 female from each group) aged 18-30 years. The original photographs were then modified to have 6, 4, 2, 0, -2, -4, and -6 mm gingival display.

Effect of zirconium oxide nano-coating on frictional resistance of orthodontic wires.

Objectives: Minimizing the frictional force between orthodontic wire and brackets is imperative to safely obtain a more favorable result by applying lower loads. Several methods have been proposed for this purpose such as changing the wire shape/size, changing the bracket design, and coating wires with different materials. This study aimed to assess the effect of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nano-coating on frictional resistance of three types of orthodontic wires.

Assessment of Implant-Related Anatomical Landmarks in the Mandibular Interforaminal Region in an Iranian Population Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

Background: This study was aimed to assess the implant-related anatomical landmarks in the mandibular interforaminal region in an Iranian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 378 CBCT images of the mandible were evaluated for the presence of the incisive canal, anterior loop of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), mandibular canal, mental foramen, and incisive canal. The effect of age and gender of patients on the abovementioned variables was also evaluated.

Efficacy of Photobiomodulation Therapy Versus Soft Acrylic Wafer for Reduction of Pain Associated with Orthodontic Metal Bracket Removal: A Clinical Trial.

This study compared the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy versus soft acrylic wafer for reduction of pain associated with orthodontic metal bracket removal. It has been demonstrated that different methods of bracket removal are associated with different levels of pain. Photobiomodulation decreases the level of pain due to its biological effects.

Survival analysis of three types of maxillary and mandibular bonded orthodontic retainers: a retrospective cohort.

Background: Retention is an important aspect of orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to analyze the survival of three types of maxillary and mandibular bonded orthodontic retainers.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated the records of 118 orthodontic patients (90 females, 28 males, mean age of 22.

Comparison of the Type and Severity of Nasal Septal Deviation between Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients Undergoing Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery and Controls.

Objectives: Some correlations have been proposed between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and type and severity of nasal septal deviation. This study sought to compare the type and severity of nasal septal deviation between CRS patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and asymptomatic controls using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methods: This prospective case-control study evaluated 49 CRS patients who did not respond to pharmaceutical therapy and were candidates for FESS and 49 asymptomatic controls.

An overview of recent progress in dental applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology is an emerging field of science, engineering, and technology concerning the materials in nanoscale dimensions. Several materials are used in dentistry, which can be modified by applying nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has various applications in dentistry to achieve reliable treatment outcomes.

Correlation of Ponticulus Posticus with Dentofacial Skeletal Patterns.

Background: This study aimed to assess the correlation of ponticulus posticus (PP) with dentofacial skeletal patterns on lateral cephalograms of an Iranian population.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 1000 lateral cephalograms of 690 females and 310 males. Demographic information of patients was recorded, and two observers evaluated all radiographs for the presence of PP.

Assessment of the Asymmetry of the Lower Jaw, Face, and Palate in Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.

Background: This study aimed to assess the asymmetry of the lower jaw, face, and palate in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) using photography, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and digitized three-dimensional casts.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted on photographic, CBCT, and digital cast records of 14 UCLP patients and 24 healthy controls between 10 and 16 years. Totally, 65 variables were measured on photographs, CBCT scans, and on digitized casts.

Bond Strength and Deflection of Four Types of Bonded Lingual Retainers.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the bond strength and deflection of four types of bonded lingual retainers.

Materials And Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 160 extracted, mandibular incisors were mounted in acrylic blocks in sets of two and randomized into four groups for bonding of 1.0.

Effect of Caffeine Injection on Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats: An Experimental Study on Rats.

Objectives: Several studies have investigated the effects of different medications on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). This study assessed the effect of caffeine injection on OTM in rats.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups.

Effect of Methotrexate Injection on Orthodontic Tooth Movement: An Experimental Study on Rats.

Introduction: Knowledge about the effects of medications, vitamins, and various supplements on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is imperative for orthodontists. This study aimed to assess the effect of methotrexate (MTX) injection on OTM in rats.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups ( = 7).

Efficacy of micro-osteoperforation of the alveolar bone by using mini-screw for acceleration of maxillary canine retraction in young adult orthodontic patients: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial.

Aim: Acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) can decrease the rate of complications. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of micro-osteoperforation (MOP) of the alveolar bone for acceleration of OTM by using mini-screws.

Materials And Methods: This split-mouth randomized clinical trial evaluated 25 patients (11 females, 14 males, 16-25 years) with class II division I malocclusion who required canine retraction following the extraction of maxillary first premolar.

Interradicular distance and alveolar bone thickness for miniscrew insertion: a CBCT study of Persian adults with different sagittal skeletal patterns.

Background: This study aimed to assess the interradicular distance and alveolar bone thickness of Persian adults with different sagittal skeletal patterns for miniscrew insertion using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on maxillary and mandibular CBCT scans of 60 patients (18-35 years) in three groups (n = 20) of class I, II and III sagittal skeletal pattern. Anatomical and skeletal parameters were measured at 2, 4 and 6 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) by one examiner.