The inflammatory spectrum of cardiomyopathies.

Infiltration of the myocardium with various cell types, cytokines and chemokines plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathies including inflammatory cardiomyopathies and myocarditis. A more comprehensive understanding of the precise immune mechanisms involved in acute and chronic myocarditis is essential to develop novel therapeutic approaches. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of the immune landscape in cardiomyopathies based on etiology.

Case report: Recurrence of inflammatory cardiomyopathy detected by magnetocardiography.

Background: The diagnosis of inflammatory cardiomyopathies remains challenging. Life-threatening conditions such as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) always have to be considered as differential diagnoses due to similarities in presentation. Diagnostic methods for inflammatory cardiomyopathy include endomyocardial biopsy (EMB), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT).

Case report: Magnetocardiography as a potential method of therapy monitoring in amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis is characterized by a disorder of protein conformation and metabolism, resulting in deposits of insoluble fibrils in various organs causing functional disturbances. Amyloidosis can also affect the heart. Cardiac amyloidosis tends to have a poor prognostic outcome if diagnosed at a late stage.

Application of Magnetocardiography to Screen for Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy and Monitor Treatment Response.

Background Inflammatory cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young adults. Diagnosis of inflammatory cardiomyopathy remains challenging, and better monitoring tools are needed. We present magnetocardiography as a method to diagnose myocardial inflammation and monitor treatment response.

Epidemiological Impact of Myocarditis.

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle with a wide range of potential etiological factors and consequently varying clinical patterns across the world. In this review, we address the epidemiology of myocarditis. Myocarditis was considered a rare disease until intensified research efforts in recent decades revealed its true epidemiological importance.

Determination of annual reproductive cycle in male sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus using histology and ultrasound imaging.

The aim of this study was to evaluate seasonal testicular development in the cultured sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus. During annual sexual cycle of male sterlet, stages of gonad maturity were examined using histology and ultrasonography approaches. The histology identified males at different stages of maturity among fish sampled monthly.

Ultrastructural feature of spermatogenic cells and spermatozoon in cultured burbot Lota lota.

Testis development and ultrastructure of spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa of burbot Lota lota, a commercially important cold freshwater fish, were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. Spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa are distributed along the seminiferous tubules. Electron-dense bodies appear in germ cells from primary spermatogonia to secondary spermatocytes.

Antimicrobial and Immune-Modulatory Effects of Vitamin D Provide Promising Antibiotics-Independent Approaches to Tackle Bacterial Infections - Lessons Learnt from a Literature Survey.

Antimicrobial multidrug-resistance (MDR) constitutes an emerging threat to global health and makes the effective prevention and treatment of many, particularly severe infections challenging, if not impossible. Many antibiotic classes have lost antimicrobial efficacy against a plethora of infectious agents including bacterial species due to microbial acquisition of distinct resistance genes. Hence, the development of novel anti-infectious intervention strategies including antibiotic-independent approaches is urgently needed.

Effects of temperature on sperm motility of burbot Lota lota: spontaneous activation and calcium dependency.

Several factors regulating activation of spermatozoon motility in Eurasian burbot, Lota lota, including osmolality, calcium (Ca ) ions, and temperature were investigated. Spermatozoon motility in Eurasian burbot, Lota lota was assessed at 4 and 30°C in seminal fluid, isotonic media (with and without Ca ) and hypotonic media (with and without Ca ). Spermatozoa were spontaneously activated in seminal fluid at 20°C and the maximum motility was recorded at 30°C, which is out of the spawning temperature range, indicating that no risk of activation occurs during routine semen handling in artificial insemination.

In vitro antioxidant enzyme activity and sperm motility at different temperatures in sterlet Acipenser ruthenus and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Influence of in vitro temperature on sperm antioxidant enzyme activity, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) content and motility parameters was evaluated in sterlet Acipenser ruthenus and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Sperm activation was conducted at 4, 14 and 24 °C in both species. Duration of motility was significantly longer at 4 °C than at 14 and 24 °C in both species.

Quantification of egg proteome changes during fertilization in sterlet Acipenser ruthenus.

Eggs of sterlet are discharged outside into ambient aquatic environment where egg activation and fertilization occur. Effects of different activation media including freshwater and clay suspension on protein abundances of egg were quantified in sterlet Acipenser ruthenus. In-gel digestion and high resolution mass spectrometry were used for label-free protein quantification in the eggs of five females.

Analysis of common carp Cyprinus carpio sperm motility and lipid composition using different in vitro temperatures.

In fish, sperm quality is frequently associated with sperm motility variables. The response of sperm motility to different temperatures varies among species and plasma membrane lipid composition may contribute to variations in findings in previous research. In the present study, sperm motility and lipid composition were analysed between motile or immotile carp Cyprinus carpio sperm at different in vitro temperatures (4, 14 and 24°C).

Gonad histology and serum 11-KT profile during the annual reproductive cycle in sterlet sturgeon adult males, Acipenser ruthenus.

The aim of this study was to assess monthly testicular development in the cultured breeding stock of sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus, using histological and serum sex steroid changes. Testicular development in the adult male was examined monthly and showed four distinct phases including resting, pre-spawning, spawning and post-spawning. Also, seasonal changes of the testes were described according to its variations in gonadosomatic index (GSI) during different phases of testicular development.

Ultrastructural Localization of Intracellular Calcium During Spermatogenesis of Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus).

Calcium regulates many intracellular events such as growth and differentiation during different stages of gamete development. The aim of this study was to localize and quantify the intracellular distribution of calcium during different developmental stages of spermatogenesis in sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus, using a combined oxalate-pyroantimonate technique. The distribution of calcium was described in spermatogonium, spermatocyte, spermatid, and spermatozoon stages.

Effects of dietary administration of Rose hip and Safflower on growth performance, haematological, biochemical parameters and innate immune response of Beluga, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758).

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of two dietary medicinal herbs, Rose hip (Rosa canina) and Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) supplementation on growth performance, haematological, biochemical parameters and innate immune response of in juvenile beluga, Huso huso. Fish (26.3 ± 0.

The in vitro effect of temperature on motility and antioxidant response of common carp Cyprinus carpio spermatozoa.

The effect of temperature on Cyprinus carpio spermatozoa in vitro was investigated with spermatozoa activated at 4, 14, and 24°C. At 30s post-activation, motility rate was significantly higher at 4°C compared to 14 and 24°C, whereas highest swimming velocity was observed at 14°C. The thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) content was significantly higher at 14°C and 24°C than at 4°C in motile spermatozoa.

Influence of Glutamine Supplementation on Motility and Fertilization Success of Frozen-Thawed Persian Sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) Sperm.

Amino acids have an important biological role for the prevention of cell damage during cryopreservation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of glutamine on post-thaw sperm motility and fertilization success in the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus). Sperm collected from six fish was cryopreserved in extenders containing different glutamine concentrations (2.

Short-term storage of sterlet Acipenser ruthenus testicular cells at -80 °C.

The conservation of sturgeons is of critical importance, and optimization of long-term storage is crucial to cell survival. This study aimed to examine the viability rates of several variations of sturgeon testicular cells storage at -80 °C for purpose of a short-term storage in a deep freezer or shipment on dried ice. Testes extracted from three immature fish were cut into small pieces, immersed in a cryomedium composed of phosphate buffered saline with 0.