Early and long-term results of ventricular septal defect repair in children with severe pulmonary hypertension and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance by the double or traditional patch technique.

Objectives: In upper-income countries, infants undergo low-risk ventricular septal defect (VSD) repair. Children in low- and middle-income countries frequently present at older ages with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Expensive interventions for pulmonary hypertensive crisis are not available, and children are often denied an operation due to the mortality risk.

Sildenafil's Early, Late Impact on Ventricular Septal Repair: Older Children Using the Double Patch.

Background: Delayed diagnosis in children with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) is common in low- and middle-income countries. Consequently, these children present with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The study investigators introduced the double-flap valve VSD patch closure technique (DFV) in 1996 to reduce early postoperative risk.

[; SURGICAL TREATMENT OF TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT ARTERIES AND AORTIC ARCH HYPOPLASIA].

Aortic arch hypoplasia is a congenital anomaly of the development of the aortic arch, characterized by hemodynamically significant narrowing of one or more segments of the aortic arch. The combination of simple transposition of the great arteries (TGA) and obstruction at the level of the aortic arch is not very common. However, when transposition is combined with the VSD, Taussig-Bing anomaly, this combination is more common.

[PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS IN CHILDREN, OPERATED ON FOR INBORN HEART FAILURES IN THE ARTIFICIAL BLOOD CIRCULATION ENVIRONMENT].

The risk factors of pulmonary complications occurrence were analyzed in children, operated on for inborn heart failures in atrificial blood circulation environment. Pulmonary complications rate and the risk factors of their occurrence were analyzed.

[PLASTY OF THE INTERVENTRICLE SEPTUM DEFECT, USING A PATCH WITH A VALVE IN PATIENTS, SUFFERING HIGH PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND ENHANCED RESISTANCE OF PULMONARY ARTERIES].

Right ventricle insufficiency due to pulmonary hypertensive crysis or persisting pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients after the interventricle septum defect (IVSD) closure with the heightened resistance of pulmonary arteries (RPA) constitutes an actual problem and associates with a high risk for a life-threatening complications and high lethality. Experience of the IVSD plasty conduction in a patient with high PAH, using a patch with a valve for right ventricle decompression while pulmonary hypertensive crysis in early postoperative period and nonreversible PAH in the remote period of observation, was presented. In the clinic 38 children were operated on for big IVSD, complicated by high PAH and heightened RPA, using a patch with a valve in 1996 - 2014 yrs.

[Long-term results of medical treatment in patients with a severe attack of ulcerative colitis].

Aim: To assess the long-term result of medical treatment in patients with a severe attack (SA) of ulcerative colitis (UC).

Subjects And Methods: The course of UC was analyzed in 56 patients who were accessible by telephone contact and consecutively recruited for a year after therapy for a SA of UC. All the patients were stated to have a SA of UC according to the Truelove-Witts' criteria; they received therapy with intravenous glucocorticosteroids (GCS) (prednisolone 2 mg/kg) along with anti-recurrence therapy with mesalasine (5-ASA) or azathioprine (AZA).

[Role of rifaximin in correction of IBS-like symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease].

One of the important problems in the treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease are the persistent complaints of pain, abdominal distention, frequent stools, excretion of mucus with faeces with the presence of endoscopic or roentgenologic remission in the damaged parts of gastrointestinal tract. In this review we describe possible causes of such complaints and some methods of their therapeutic correction.

Interactions between symptoms and motor and visceral sensory responses of irritable bowel syndrome patients to spasmolytics (antispasmodics).

Aim: to evaluate and correlate the symptomatic, motor and sensory responses to two widely used categories of spasmolytic agents in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Methods: 118 patients with IBS, diagnosed by Rome II criteria and 45 healthy individuals were studied. In the IBS subjects, pain severity, as well as the sensory response to rectal balloon distention and rectal and sigmoid motility, were studied at baseline and after two weeks therapy with either oral buscopan (20 mg three times a day, n=37), a buscopan suppository (30 mg once daily, n=21), oral drotaverine (80 mg three times a day, n=30), calcium gluconate tablets (one three times a day, n=16) as a control for oral agents, or calendula suppository (once daily, n=14) as a control for those who received a suppository.

[The clinicomorphological characterization of segmental lesion in ulcerous colitis].

The authors analyzed the clinical picture in 18 patients with distal lesion of the colon and an inflammatory focus in the cecum (segmentary lesion), and five patients with distal lesion of the colon revealed with endoscopy and pathomorphological signs of inflammation in visually intact cecum. The analysis shows that in a range of cases the extent of lesion in ulcerous colitis (UC) cannot be determined correctly with colonoscopy. An apparent segmentary character of lesion (inflammation in the distal colon and an inflammatory focus in the cecum) is an additional criterion of unfavorable prognosis of transformation into disseminated UC forms.

Oral p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibition with BIRB 796 for active Crohn's disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background & Aims: The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, which play a critical role in the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease (CD). This study investigated the efficacy and safety of BIRB 796, a highly potent inhibitor of p38 MAPK, in chronic active CD.

Methods: In a multicenter, multinational trial, 284 patients with moderate to severe CD were randomized to receive placebo, or 10, 20, 30, or 60 mg of BIRB 796 twice daily for 8 weeks.