Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Regarding Pain Management in Emergency Department; a KAP Study.

Introduction: Adequate knowledge and positive attitude among nurses are essential for successful pain management as a fundamental aspect of patients' rights. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers of nurses regarding acute pain management in emergency department.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participating nurses were selected using a consecutive sampling technique within a medical university.

The prevalence of substance use among drivers with traffic injuries in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran.

Background: Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are one of the main causes of mortality in developing countries. Although the association between alcohol and the risk of MVA has been known for a long time, only a few studies have been conducted on driving following substance consumption in a short period of time. This is while narcotic and stimulant use seems to be a threat to traffic safety and a serious health concern for substance users.

Minor Head Trauma and its Short-term Outcomes Among Elderly Patients: a Prospective Epidemiological Study in North of Iran.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is of the most challenging public health problems.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of mild TBI, frequency of clinically important head injuries identifiable on computed tomography (CT) scans and also short-time outcomes of mild TBI in elderly population in north of Iran.

Patients And Methods: A prospective epidemiological study was conducted at the Emergency department of Imam Khomeini general hospital, Mazandaran, Iran.

Does co-treatment with ultra-low-dose naloxone and morphine provide better analgesia in renal colic patients?

Objective: This study attempted to evaluate the efficacy of ultra-low-dose intravenous (IV) naloxone combined with IV morphine, as compared to IV morphine alone, in terms of reducing pain and morphine-induced side effects in patients with renal colic.

Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, 150 patients aged 34 to 60 years old who presented to the emergency department (ED) with renal colic were randomly allocated to either an intervention group that received ultra-low-dose IV naloxone combined with IV morphine or to a control group that received morphine plus a placebo. The severity of pain, sedation, and nausea were assessed and recorded for all patients at entrance to the ED (T1), then at 20 (T2), 40 (T3), 60 (T4), 120 (T5), and 180 (T6) minutes after starting treatment.

Role Of Bedside Ultrasound In Detection Of Bone Fractures In Pediatrics And Adults.

During medical devices evolution many modalities and techniques like Computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, wireless capsule endoscopy and double-balloon endoscopy were applied to provide enough evidences for final detection of diseases. As well as current procedures, sonography is a method that individuals are satisfied with it because of various conditions like non-invasive and cheap. Ultrasound is one of the procedures which can be used in diagnosis of fractures and has its own unique feature including different views at the same time with no radiation effects.

Efficacy and Safety of Morphine and Low Dose Ketamine for Pain Control of Patients with Long Bone Fractures: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Clinical Trial.

Objective: To compare the effects of intravenous morphine and a low dose of ketamine on pain intensity of patients with traumatic fractures of the long bones.

Methods: This randomized, controlled, double-blinded, clinical trial was conducted in the adult emergency department (ED) of Emam Khomeini hospital, a tertiary general hospital affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, in Northern Iran, during a 6-month period. Patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenous morphine (0.

Carbon monoxide poisoning in Iran during 1999-2016: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a common cause of emergency department (ED) visits worldwide with high levels of morbidity and mortality. No inclusive nationally statistics of CO poisoning in Iran is available. The present review aimed to describe and review the pattern of CO poisoning in Iran.

Efficacy and Safety of Combination Therapy with Ketorolac and Morphine in Patient with Acute Renal Colic; A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of combination therapy with ketorolac and morphine with monotherapy with each in patients with acute renal colic.

Methods: This triple-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted during a 6-month period from March to September 2014 in Northern Iran. We included 300 patients with clinical diagnosis of acute renal colic and pain score greater than 4 on 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS) score.

Determinants of Prolonged Length of Stay in the Emergency Department; a Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Timeliness has been considered as a key domain in quality of emergency department (ED) care and delay in care providing is influential determinants of patient's outcomes. The present study, aimed to evaluate the determinants of prolonged ED length of stay (LOS).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, using adopted version of the latest form for external evaluation and accreditation of EDs introduced by Iranian Ministry of Health, determinants of prolonged LOS were evaluated in the ED of an educational Hospital.

Isolated Oculomotor Nerve Palsy Following Minor Head Trauma; a Case report.

Isolated third nerve palsy develops in numerous intracranial pathologies such as closed head trauma, tumor, and aneurysm. This report describes a 61 years old female with an abrasion on the left forehead and ptosis of the left eye. Initial computed tomography did not reveal any causative cerebral and vascular lesions or orbital and cranial fractures.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Ascites Fluid Gross Appearance in Detection of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis.

Introduction: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) as a monomicrobial infection of ascites fluid is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients. This study was aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ascites fluid color in detection of SBP in cirrhotic cases referred to the emergency department.

Methods: Cirrhotic patients referred to the ED for the paracentesis of ascites fluid were enrolled.

The effect of new emergency program on patient length of stay in a teaching hospital emergency department of Tehran.

Background And Aim: Ideally, the period of patients admitting in the Emergency Department (ED) should not exceed 6 hours. Prolonged of the patients admitting time affects the ED overcrowding, quality of patient care and patient satisfaction. To evaluate the efficacy of new programs and suggest new strategies to reduce the overcrowding in a typical overcrowded ED of general teaching hospital in Tehran city.