The Striking Power of Amniotic Fluid and Its Exosomes Collected at the End of a Normal Pregnancy on Severe Inflammation and Tissue Repair.

With this short communication, which contains a new case report on diabetic ulcer, we summarize our research progress in treating several complex conditions at a point where currently available treatments were failing to help the affected patients. We review the first case of lower back pain due to severe spondylitis (T12-L1) treated with intravenous injections of a sterile fraction of human purified amniotic fluid (ViX001) obtained from thoroughly screened volunteers at the time of planned c-section at the term of normal pregnancies. Then, we review the first case of recalcitrant diabetic ulcer treated successfully by twice-daily applications of ViX001 directly on the wound and describe another case of diabetic ulcer treated successfully with ViX001.

Momentary Associations Across Specific Affective States and Dysregulated Eating Experiences Among Children and Adolescents With Loss of Control Eating Symptoms.

Objective: Dysregulated eating is common among youth and is associated with trait-level negative affect and emotion regulation difficulties. Despite the transient nature of affect, momentary associations among affect and eating behavior are unclear, which limits development of more impactful treatment tools, such as "just-in-time" intervention approaches (JITAI). The current study (N = 62) drew from two ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies involving children and adolescents who endorsed loss of control (LOC) eating symptoms during a two-week assessment period.

A Hypothalamic Circuit that Modulates Feeding and Parenting Behaviors.

Across mammalian species, new mothers undergo considerable behavioral changes to nurture their offspring and meet the caloric demands of milk production. While many neural circuits underlying feeding and parenting behaviors are well characterized, it is unclear how these different circuits interact and adapt during lactation. Here, we characterized the transcriptomic changes in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the medial preoptic area (MPOA) of the mouse hypothalamus in response to lactation and hunger.

Enhancing the Connection Between Basic and Applied Research in Eating Disorders: Steps Toward More Effective Translation.

Translational research applies laboratory-generated scientific discoveries to real-world practice with the goal of potentiating more rapid solutions to health challenges. In 2023, the authors of this editorial (Hildebrandt and Goldschmidt) aimed to develop a special issue for the International Journal of Eating Disorders (IJED) focusing on translational eating disorder research. The goal for this issue was to begin closing the gap between basic and applied research by soliciting articles that improve our understanding of mechanisms that cause or maintain eating disorders, which could result in more robust research advances and dissemination of information to the public.

Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report.

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons, axonal networks, and the neuromuscular junction. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, where motor neuron function is progressively lost, Schwann cell function may also be impaired. Recently, important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been reported.

Primary care perspectives on prescribing anti-obesity medication for adolescents.

Background: Recent pediatric guidelines recommend clinicians offer anti-obesity medication (AOM) as an adjunct to intensive lifestyle intervention.

Objective: To investigate pediatricians' perspectives about prescribing AOM, including barriers and facilitators.

Methods: An investigator-developed survey was emailed to primary care pediatric physicians (n = 187) and advanced practice providers (n = 190) within an academic-affiliated network.

Demonstration of event position reconstruction based on diffusion in the NEXT-white detector.

Noble element time projection chambers are a leading technology for rare event detection in physics, such as for dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay searches. Time projection chambers typically assign event position in the drift direction using the relative timing of prompt scintillation and delayed charge collection signals, allowing for reconstruction of an absolute position in the drift direction. In this paper, alternate methods for assigning event drift distance via quantification of electron diffusion in a pure high pressure xenon gas time projection chamber are explored.

A qualitative assessment of provider-perceived barriers to implementing family-based treatment for anorexia nervosa in low-income community settings.

Background: Family-based treatment (FBT) is a front-line empirically supported intervention for adolescent anorexia nervosa, but it is often inaccessible to families from lower income backgrounds, as it is most typically available in specialty research and private practice settings. In preparation for a pilot trial of FBT delivered in the home setting, this study qualitatively examined provider perceptions of implementing FBT in lower-income communities.

Methods: Eating disorder clinicians working in community clinics (therapists, medical doctors, dietitians, and social workers; n = 9) were interviewed about their experiences using FBT.

Association between parental resource depletion and parent use of specific food parenting practices: An ecological momentary assessment study.

The resource depletion model proposes that self-control is a limited resource that may become depleted after repeated use. This study aimed to improve our understanding of the correlates of resource depletion in parents, examine the association between resource depletion and use of coercive food parenting practices, and explore the relationship between resource depletion and stress. Children aged 5-9 and their parents (n = 631 dyads) were recruited from primary care clinics in a large metropolitan area in the United States in 2016-2019.

Treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder Across the Lifespan: An Updated Review of the Literature and Considerations for Future Research.

Purpose Of Review: The present review describes the recent literature on treatment for binge-eating disorder (BED) in adults and youth, with a particular focus on research gaps, emerging treatments, and future research directions.

Recent Findings: Evidence supports the efficacy of several treatment modalities in adults, including self-help treatment, clinician-led psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy; the largest effect sizes have been found for psychotherapies, most of which were cognitive-behavioral in orientation. Adapted psychotherapies for youth also show promise but lack a robust body of evidence.

Associations among parents' internalized weight bias, negative child-focused body talk, and feeding behaviors.

Objective: Parents' negative body talk about children (negative weight/shape comments) and internalized weight bias (application of negative weight-based stereotypes to oneself) are associated with children's maladaptive eating behaviors, but mechanisms are poorly understood. Conceptually, parental behaviors and attitudes may translate to implicit and explicit concerns about their child's weight and influence parents' feeding practices. These associations are underexplored in the literature.

Leveraging seasonality and timing to optimize pediatric weight management interventions: Novel directions for future research.

National estimates suggest that more than 35% of American children, ages 2-19 years, are overweight or obese, which increases their risk for weight-related comorbidities including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease risk factors, depression, and anxiety. While obesity prevention is most cost-effective, for youth with existing obesity, the United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends ≥26 h of comprehensive lifestyle intervention over 6-12 months. This include standard behavioral therapy, dietary counseling, and an emphasis on physical activity.

Multi-electrolyte disturbance and supplementation in severely malnourished hospitalized adolescents with restrictive eating disorders.

Background: This study describes the prevalence of hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and/or hypomagnesemia and resulting electrolyte supplementation during refeeding in severely malnourished youths hospitalized for restrictive eating disorders.

Methods: Hospitalized patients between 11-26y (N = 81) at < 75% treatment goal weight (TGW) were assessed through retrospective chart review. Outcomes were compared between participants < 70% TGW and those 70-75% TGW.

State-level working memory and dysregulated eating in children and adolescents: An exploratory ecological momentary assessment study.

Background: Children with loss of control (LOC) eating and overweight/obesity have relative deficiencies in trait-level working memory (WM), which may limit adaptive responding to intra- and extra-personal cues related to eating. Understanding of how WM performance relates to eating behavior in real-time is currently limited.

Methods: We studied 32 youth (ages 10-17 years) with LOC eating and overweight/obesity (LOC-OW; n = 9), overweight/obesity only (OW; n = 16), and non-overweight status (NW; n = 7).

Adapting family-based treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa delivered in the home: A novel approach for improving access to care and generalizability of skill acquisition.

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious mental illness associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Family-based treatment (FBT) is a well-established treatment for adolescent AN, yet it is underutilized in community settings and is unavailable to many families, particularly those from lower income and racial and ethnic minority backgrounds. Furthermore, some families do not respond optimally to FBT, possibly because of challenges translating skills acquired in office-based treatment settings to naturalistic settings.

Eating disorders in weight-related therapy (EDIT): Protocol for a systematic review with individual participant data meta-analysis of eating disorder risk in behavioural weight management.

The Eating Disorders In weight-related Therapy (EDIT) Collaboration brings together data from randomised controlled trials of behavioural weight management interventions to identify individual participant risk factors and intervention strategies that contribute to eating disorder risk. We present a protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis which aims to identify participants at risk of developing eating disorders, or related symptoms, during or after weight management interventions conducted in adolescents or adults with overweight or obesity. We systematically searched four databases up to March 2022 and clinical trials registries to May 2022 to identify randomised controlled trials of weight management interventions conducted in adolescents or adults with overweight or obesity that measured eating disorder risk at pre- and post-intervention or follow-up.

Observation of high-energy neutrinos from the Galactic plane.

The origin of high-energy cosmic rays, atomic nuclei that continuously impact Earth's atmosphere, is unknown. Because of deflection by interstellar magnetic fields, cosmic rays produced within the Milky Way arrive at Earth from random directions. However, cosmic rays interact with matter near their sources and during propagation, which produces high-energy neutrinos.

Accelerometer-Based Physical Activity and Shape and Weight Concerns Among Youth With Overweight and Obesity: A Pilot Exploratory Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

A bidirectional association between shape and weight concerns (SWC) and physical activity (PA) has been previously documented. This relationship may be particularly salient among youth with overweight/obesity, given that social marginalization of larger bodies has been associated with elevated SWC and barriers to PA. This pilot study explores reciprocal relationships between momentary SWC and accelerometer-assessed PA behavior.

The parents aren't alright, either: Commentary on Wilksch (2023).

Eating disorders (EDs) present high costs to the individual and society, and need for services far surpasses their availability. Caregivers are often on the "front lines" of managing their child's illness yet may have very little support to sustain them in this role. It is well-established that caregiver burden related to EDs is high, although most research has focused on caregivers of adult patients.

Perception and Awareness of Diabetes Risk and Reported Risk-Reducing Behaviors in Adolescents.

Importance: Lifestyle change is central to diabetes risk reduction in youth with overweight or obesity. Feeling susceptible to a health threat can be motivational in adults.

Objective: To evaluate associations between diabetes risk perception and/or awareness and health behaviors in youth.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy and exercise training in adolescent females with elevated depression symptoms and at-risk for type 2 diabetes: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Adolescent-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major public health concern of growing proportions. Prevention, therefore, is critical. Unfortunately, standard-of-care treatment for T2D prevention (e.

When eating disorder attitudes and cognitions persist after weight restoration: An exploratory examination of non-cognitive responders to family-based treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa.

Objective: Family-based treatment (FBT) is a well-established intervention for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN). Although FBT is efficacious in promoting weight gain and improvements in psychological symptoms, for some adolescents, cognitive/attitudinal recovery lags behind weight gain. This study conducted an exploratory post hoc analysis of outcomes of adolescents who achieved weight gain by the end of FBT but continued to experience elevated psychological symptoms post-treatment.

Real-time versus retrospective self-report assessment of loss-of-control eating in adults undergoing bariatric surgery.

Objective: Loss-of-control (LOC) eating is common in adults undergoing bariatric surgery. Agreement between real-time and retrospective assessment methods is unclear.

Methods: Adults with severe obesity reported on LOC eating over the preceding 28 days via Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) items and in near real time over 10 days via ecological momentary assessment (EMA; involving daily repeated surveys delivered via smartphone in the natural environment), with both assessment forms completed before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery.

First Case of Severe Pain and Inflammation Reduction by Application of Purified Amniotic Fluid on Active Lesions of a Patient with Pyoderma Gangrenosum.

We report the first case of severe pain and inflammation reduction by application of purified amniotic fluid on active lesions of a patient with pyoderma gangrenosum. We describe the impact of every third-day skin applications of a sterile fraction (4ml) from human purified amniotic fluid (ViX001) obtained from thoroughly screened volunteers at the time of planned c-section at the term of normal pregnancies. The product ViX001 was generated through a proprietary process and kept in frozen one or two milliliters cryovials (protein content was ~1mg/ml) and thawed just prior to applications.