Cover cropping attenuates population growth of by limiting weed biomass, despite asymptomatic colonization of cover crops.

is a fungus that causes charcoal rot in strawberry and a wide variety of crop species. Little is known about its potential to asymptomatically colonize crop plants or grow saprophytically on their tissues, both of which would create a potential for alternate, asymptomatic hosts to lead to increases in inoculum. To test the impact of cover cropping on abundance, we conducted randomized-block field experiments in soils infested by .

The effectiveness of a mental health, parenting support, and violence prevention program for families affected by the war in Ukraine: Findings from a pre-post study.

Background: Nearly one in six children lived in war zones in 2023. Evidence-based psychosocial and parenting support has potential to mitigate negative impacts for parents and children co-exposed to war and displacement, especially in relation to mental health and harsh parenting reactions. In the current war in Ukraine, local mental health experts co-created and evaluated, with global experts, the effectiveness of psychosocial and parenting support groups, called on improvements in mental health, positive parenting, and violence against children.

Hope Groups: a protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial of psychosocial, mental health, and parenting support groups for Ukrainian caregivers during war and conflict.

Background: In 2021, more than two-thirds of the world's children lived in a conflict-affected country. In 2022, 13 million Ukrainians were forced to flee their homes after Russia's full-scale invasion. Hope Groups are a 12-session psychosocial, mental health, and parenting support intervention designed to strengthen parents, caregivers, and children affected by war and crisis.

() Mediates f. sp. Race 1 Avirulence on -Resistant Strawberry Cultivars.

f. sp. () race 1 is avirulent on cultivars with the dominant resistance gene , while race 2 is virulent on -resistant cultivars.

Implementation of Substance Use Services to Justice-Involved Youth: Examining Barriers, Facilitators, and Best Practices.

Justice-involved youth are known to be at elevated risk of substance use disorder (SUD). This review examines literature published over a 10-year period and summarizes evidence-based practices for screening, treatment, and linkage to care for justice-involved youth as well as barriers and facilitators that may arise during implementation. Strategies to incorporate a health equity lens and trauma-informed approaches are discussed.

"No Excuses Anymore": Substance Use Screening and Treatment for Justice-involved Youth.

Objective: The aim of this study was to present best practices for substance use disorder (SUD) screening and treatment in the juvenile justice setting.

Methods: Semistructured qualitative interviews, informed by the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior Model, were conducted with medical and behavioral health providers with experience caring for justice-involved youth. Interviews were analyzed using thematic and content analysis to elucidate best practices and identify facilitators and barriers affecting implementation of evidence-based substance use screening and treatment.

Structured Engagement of Community Partners to Revise a Pregnancy Options Counseling Curriculum for Pediatric Residents.

Objective: The engagement of community partners, including patients, is increasingly recognized as important in developing medical education curricula. Structured methodology for partner engagement in curriculum development is lacking in the existing literature. This article describes a structured approach to engaging community partners to provide input on revising a curriculum for pediatric residents about pregnancy options counseling with adolescents.

Sporodochia Formed by f. sp. Produce Airborne Conidia and Are Ubiquitous on Diseased Strawberry Plants in California.

Sporodochia are dense masses of fungal hyphae bearing asexual conidia. For , sporodochia are known to produce airborne conidia and enhance the dissemination of this otherwise soilborne pathogen. Sporodochia are small and transient, and they are documented for only a few formae speciales of .

Effect of Real-Time Feedback on Power Output Using a Novel Smart-Resisted Sled Push.

Prior studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of real-time data feedback (RTF) on athletic performance and motivation. Despite this evidence, the lack of practical means to implement RTF has hindered its widespread adoption. Recently, a smart-resisted sled push was developed to improve athletic power by utilizing electromagnetic motors as a resistance mechanism, coupled with an RTF display.

Vaccination for Justice-Involved Youth.

Justice-involved youth are at increased risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, and structural barriers may limit their access to vaccination. We implemented a COVID-19 vaccination initiative for justice-involved youth residing at the county juvenile detention center and enrolled in local community-based monitoring programs. Our overarching goal was to increase COVID-19 vaccine access and uptake for justice-involved youth in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.

Global, regional, and national minimum estimates of children affected by COVID-19-associated orphanhood and caregiver death, by age and family circumstance up to Oct 31, 2021: an updated modelling study.

Background: In the 6 months following our estimates from March 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021, the proliferation of new coronavirus variants, updated mortality data, and disparities in vaccine access increased the amount of children experiencing COVID-19-associated orphanhood. To inform responses, we aimed to model the increases in numbers of children affected by COVID-19-associated orphanhood and caregiver death, as well as the cumulative orphanhood age-group distribution and circumstance (maternal or paternal orphanhood).

Methods: We used updated excess mortality and fertility data to model increases in minimum estimates of COVID-19-associated orphanhood and caregiver deaths from our original study period of March 1, 2020-April 30, 2021, to include the new period of May 1-Oct 31, 2021, for 21 countries.

Global minimum estimates of children affected by COVID-19-associated orphanhood and deaths of caregivers: a modelling study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic priorities have focused on prevention, detection, and response. Beyond morbidity and mortality, pandemics carry secondary impacts, such as children orphaned or bereft of their caregivers. Such children often face adverse consequences, including poverty, abuse, and institutionalisation.

Rapid return of children in residential care to family as a result of COVID-19: Scope, challenges, and recommendations.

Background: As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, some governments have mandated that residential care providers rapidly return children and youth to family.

Objective: The goal of the present study was to better understand the scope and characteristics of rapid return, and to provide data-informed recommendations for service providers working with this population.

Participants And Setting: Representatives from 67 non-government organizations (NGOs) providing residential care that were government-mandated to rapidly return children and youth to family completed a brief online survey.

Severe edema after cessation of laxative abuse and use of a loop diuretic: Case report.

Stimulant laxatives are the class of laxatives most often abused by patients with eating disorders. The abrupt cessation of high-dose stimulant laxatives is known to cause edema. We present the case of a patient with anorexia nervosa with binge-purge subtype who was taking ∼100 stimulant laxatives per day.

A fast inverse direct aperture optimization algorithm for intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

Purpose: The goal of this work was to develop and evaluate a fast inverse direct aperture optimization (FIDAO) algorithm for IMRT treatment planning and plan adaptation.

Methods: A previously proposed fluence map optimization algorithm called fast inverse dose optimization (FIDO) was extended to optimize the aperture shapes and weights of IMRT beams. FIDO is a very fast fluence map optimization algorithm for IMRT that finds the global minimum using direct matrix inversion without unphysical negative beam weights.

Transcription factor VdCmr1 is required for pigment production, protection from UV irradiation, and regulates expression of melanin biosynthetic genes in Verticillium dahliae.

Verticillium dahliae is a soilborne fungus that causes vascular wilt diseases on numerous plant species worldwide. The production of darkly melanized microsclerotia is crucial in the disease cycle of V. dahliae, as these structures allow for long-term survival in soil.