Hyperedge Representations with Hypergraph Wavelets: Applications to Spatial Transcriptomics.

In many data-driven applications, higher-order relationships among multiple objects are essential in capturing complex interactions. Hypergraphs, which generalize graphs by allowing edges to connect any number of nodes, provide a flexible and powerful framework for modeling such higher-order relationships. In this work, we introduce hypergraph diffusion wavelets and describe their favorable spectral and spatial properties.

Posttraumatic Arthritis Is More Common in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty Before Age 50.

Primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients under 50 is becoming more common. The goal of this study was to identify the diagnoses and predisposing factors for TKA prior to age 50. The Military Data Repository was queried for patients undergoing TKA prior to age 50.

Single episode of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury leads to chronic neurological deficits and Alzheimer's-like pathological dementia.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the foremost causes of disability and mortality globally. While the scientific and medical emphasis is to save lives and avoid disability during acute period of injury, a severe health problem can manifest years after injury. For instance, TBI increases the risk of cognitive impairment in the elderly.

The past, present and future of medical education in Cambodia.

This paper describes the past, present, and future of medical education in Cambodia. Although doctor training began in 1902, the first medical school was not founded until 1946. Since the colonial era, the curriculum and teaching strategies have been strongly influenced by the French system, dominated by didactic lectures and the apprenticeship model.

Revision and removal of vagus nerve stimulation systems: twenty-five years' experience.

Background: Epilepsy, a disease characterized by recurrent seizures, is a common chronic neurologic condition. Antiepileptic drugs (AED) are the mainstay of treatment for epilepsy. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) surgery is an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of drug refractory epilepsy (DRE).

Screening mammographic performance by race and age in the National Mammography Database: 29,479,665 screening mammograms from 13,181,241 women.

Purpose: There are insufficient large-scale studies comparing the performance of screening mammography in women of different races. This study aims to compare the screening performance metrics across racial and age groups in the National Mammography Database (NMD).

Methods: All screening mammograms performed between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2021, in women aged 30-100 years from 746 mammography facilities in 46 U.

Carriers of autosomal recessive conditions: are they really 'unaffected?'.

Mendel's Law of Dominance suggests that recessive disease expression requires the inheritance of two mutated alleles as the dominant, wildtype allele suppresses disease presentation leading to the expression of physiological normal phenotypes. However, there is existing evidence that challenges this school of thought. Here, we summarise existing literature evaluating metabolic and health impacts among carriers of autosomal recessive conditions, focusing on phenylketonuria (PKU), classical homocystinuria, galactosemia and Usher syndrome as examples.

Rate and Timeliness of Diagnostic Evaluation and Biopsy After Recall From Screening Mammography in the National Mammography Database.

Objective: To describe the rate and timeliness of diagnostic resolution after an abnormal screening mammogram in the ACR's National Mammography Database.

Methods: Abnormal screening mammograms (BI-RADS 0 assessment) in the National Mammography Database from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2021, were retrospectively identified. The rates and timeliness of follow-up with diagnostic evaluation and biopsy were assessed and compared across patient and facility demographics.

Breastfeeding knowledge & attitudes: Comparison among post-licensure undergraduate and graduate nursing students.

Research Aims: The aims of this study are to compare the knowledge and attitude scores between undergraduate and graduate nursing students and to identify the variables associated with higher breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes.

Background: Nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding greatly impact their roles in promoting and supporting breastfeeding. However, they may not have sufficient knowledge and/or positive attitudes to support and advocate for these families.

Group trauma focused cognitive behavior therapy for parents of premature infants compared to individual therapy intervention.

Background: The current study compares results of a group-based intervention developed to reduce symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety in parents of premature infants with a prior study using an individual version of the treatment manual.

Methods: 26 mothers of preterm infants (25-34 weeks' gestational age; >600 g) received 6 sessions of trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Outcomes were compared with those of a previously published RCT, which tested an individual therapy based on the same model in a group of 62 mothers.

Use of Rapid Antigen Tests to End Isolation in a University Setting: Observational Study.

Background: COVID-19 isolation recommendations have evolved over the course of the pandemic. Initially, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention required 10 days of isolation after a positive test result. In December 2021, this was reduced to a minimum of 5 days with symptom improvement, followed by 5 days of mask wearing.

Outcomes From More Than 1 Million People Screened for Lung Cancer With Low-Dose CT Imaging.

Background: Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose CT (LDCT) imaging was recommended in 2013, making approximately 8 million Americans eligible for LCS. The demographic characteristics and outcomes of individuals screened in the United States have not been reported at the population level.

Research Question: What are the outcomes among people screened and entered in the American College of Radiology's Lung Cancer Screening Registry compared with those of trial participants?

Study Design And Methods: This was a cohort study of individuals undergoing baseline LDCT imaging for LCS between 2015 and 2019.

Post-acute Withdrawal Syndrome.

Post-acute withdrawal syndrome is an underresearched topic that affects many patients with substance use disorders after the cessation of substance use. Post-acute withdrawal syndrome is exemplified by the occurrence of substance-specific withdrawal signs and symptoms lasting well past the known timeframe for acute withdrawal of a used substance. Post-acute withdrawal syndrome may also include signs and symptoms that are not substance specific that persist, evolve, or appear well past the expected acute withdrawal timeframe.

Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 in University Setting.

Postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, commonly known as long COVID, is estimated to affect 10% to 80% of COVID-19 survivors. We examined the prevalence and predictors of long COVID from a sample of 1,338 COVID-19 cases among university members in Washington, DC, USA, during July 2021‒March 2022. Cases were followed up after 30 days of the initial positive result with confidential electronic surveys including questions about long COVID.

Carboxyl-terminal modulator protein (CTMP) deficiency mitigates denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.

Denervated skeletal muscles show decreased Akt activity and phosphorylation, resulting in atrophy. Akt inhibits downstream transcription of atrophy-associated ubiquitin ligases like muscle ring-finger protein 1 (MuRF-1). In addition, reduced Akt signaling contributes to aberrant protein synthesis in muscles.

A school of public health responds to the pandemic: A case study from Washington D.C.

The emergence of COVID-19 immediately affected higher education, and the closure of campuses at the start of the pandemic in March of 2020 forced educational institutions to quickly adapt to changing circumstances. Schools of public health faced challenges not only of shifting to remote learning and work environments, but also uniquely redirecting public health research and service efforts toward COVID-19. This paper offers a case study of how the Milken Institute School of Public Health at the George Washington University (GWSPH), the only school of public health in the nation's capital, initially adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Characteristics of Persons Screened for Lung Cancer in the United States : A Cohort Study.

Background: Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) was recommended by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) in 2013, making approximately 8 million Americans eligible for screening.

Understanding Acquired Brain Injury: A Review.

Any type of brain injury that transpires post-birth is referred to as Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). In general, ABI does not result from congenital disorders, degenerative diseases, or by brain trauma at birth. Although the human brain is protected from the external world by layers of tissues and bone, floating in nutrient-rich cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); it remains susceptible to harm and impairment.

The Characteristics of Student SARS-CoV-2 Cases on an Urban University Campus: Observational Study.

Background: Academic institutions are central hubs for young adults, laden with academic and social interactions and communal living arrangements, heightening the risk of transmission of many communicable diseases, including COVID-19. Shortly after the start of the fall 2020 academic year, institutions of higher learning were identified as hot spots for rises in COVID-19 incidence among young adults.

Objective: This study aims to identify the characteristics of student SARS-CoV-2 cases, identify the extent to which the student population adhered to preventative strategies, and examine behaviors that would put them at higher risk of contracting or spreading COVID-19.

A Case of Systemic AL Amyloidosis Diagnosed by Screening Colonoscopy.

Amyloidosis encompasses several diseases associated with deposition of low-molecular-weight proteins in an abnormal configuration. In light-chain amyloidosis (AL), monoclonal free lambda () or kappa () light chains are the amyloid proteins involved and can deposit in almost any organ. Symptoms vary depending on presence and extent of organ involvement, and thus, clinical presentation varies.

SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and outbreak response on an urban American college campus.

Objective: The George Washington University (GW) in Washington, D.C., USA established the Public Health Laboratory and Campus COVID-19 Support Team (CCST) to develop and implement its SARS-CoV-2 surveillance testing and outbreak response for the 2020-2021 academic year.