Safety and efficacy of MIM-D3 ophthalmic solutions in a randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 2 clinical trial in patients with dry eye.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ophthalmic MIM-D3, a tyrosine kinase TrkA receptor agonist, in patients with dry eye.

Design: A prospective, two-center, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled Phase 2 study.

Methods: A total of 150 dry eye patients were randomized 1:1:1 to study medication (1% MIM-D3, 5% MIM-D3, or placebo) and dosed twice daily (BID) for 28 days.

A randomized trial of the efficacy of hand disinfection for prevention of rhinovirus infection.

Background: Hand disinfection is frequently recommended for prevention of rhinovirus (RV) infection and RV-associated common colds. The effectiveness of this intervention has not been established in a natural setting. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hand disinfection on RV infection and RV-associated common cold illness in a natural setting.

Hydrothermal endometrial ablation can reduce the need for hysterectomy and transfusion.

Women seeking emergency care for severe uterine hemorrhage with profound anemia often undergo transfusion dilatation curettage and ultimately hysterectomy. The purpose of this article is to describe a modern conservative approach to treating persistent uterine hemorrhage unresponsive to medical therapy, avoiding transfusion and allowing for nonemergent future therapy without the potential complications of transfusion. Six patients with unremitting uterine bleeding were included in the study performed in the Department of Gynecology at an academically affiliated general hospital.

Effect of varying dispenser point source density on mating disruption of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae).

Hand-applied dispensers are successfully used in mating disruption programs, but cost of labor to apply these dispensers limits their adoption. Creating hand-applied dispensers that release larger amounts of pheromone and that can be applied at lower densities per hectare could reduce the cost of mating disruption and increase its use. The effect of reducing the number of point sources per hectare while keeping the amount of pheromone applied per hectare constant on the success of Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) mating disruption was investigated with Confuse-OFM, paraffin disk, and Isomate-M Rosso dispensers.

Myolysis revisited.

Numerous procedures have been developed in recent decades that claim to provide significant improvement in myoma status without hysterectomy. However, what is the cost in time and money of these procedures? This is a review of the current literature regarding these recent procedures to determine which, if any, is the best treatment for myomas. We conducted a search of PubMed using the terms "bipolar-, cryo-, radiofrequency, laparoscopic-, focused high-energy MRI-guided ultrasound, and MRI-guided laser myolysis" to identify reports of the various procedures.

Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal myomectomy: a case report and literature review.

The purpose of this article is to present a case of laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) that led to the identification of a new minimally invasive technique [laparoscopic-assisted vaginal myomectomy (LAVM)] for removing multiple transmural uterine myomas and facilitating uterine suturing. In addition, we reviewed the literature to (1) describe the history leading up to LAVM, (2) relate the benefits of this technique to other more widely performed myomectomy procedures [LM and laparoscopic-assisted myomectomy (LAM)], and (3) identify criteria for LM and LAVM.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation as a complication of intrauterine balloon tamponade for posthysteroscopic acute uterine bleeding.

Although there is anecdotal evidence of balloon tamponade for posthysteroscopic acute uterine bleeding, a literature review disclosed no articles describing complications of the technique. In our patient, balloon tamponade for acute posthysteroscopic bleeding resulted in disseminated intravascular coagulation. In a second woman the procedure was successful.

Myoma coagulation (myolysis).

Myoma coagulation or myolysis by way of the laparoscope or hysteroscope is a valuable addition to the armamentarium of treatments for a problem that remains pervasive among women: uterine leiomyomata. Likewise, surgical techniques include the use of the Nd:YAG laser as well as the bipolar needle. The addition of myolysis to earlier uterine-sparing endometrial ablation or resection markedly improves the success rate of these minimally invasive alternatives to hysterectomy.

Combining myoma coagulation with endometrial ablation/resection reduces subsequent surgery rates.

Background: This study compares results of endometrial ablation alone and in combination with myoma coagulation. Subsequent surgery rates were 38% for ablation alone and 12% for combined therapy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare hysterectomy rates following various surgical procedures to treat profuse uterine bleeding as well as myomatous uteri.

Adrenal and extra-adrenal retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma: imaging findings in 13 adults.

Purpose: To determine the radiologic appearance of ganglioneuromas of the adrenal gland and extra-adrenal retroperitoneum.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed of imaging findings in nine patients with ganglioneuroma, two with ganglioneuroma-pheochromocytoma, and two with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) that arose in a ganglioneuroma. Patients underwent computed tomography (CT) (n = 13), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (n = 5), and ultrasonography (US) (n = 5).

Laparoscopic leiomyoma coagulation-myolysis.

Leiomyomas, the most common solid pelvic tumors, occur in 25% to 30% of women during their reproductive years. Approximately 20% to 50% of these women experience symptoms that require treatment, with the most common complaints being menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, pelvic pressure, and the appreciation of a pelvic mass.

Comparison of carbon dioxide with continuous-flow technique for office hysteroscopy.

Study Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of lactated D5W-lactated Ringer's solution as the distention medium for office hysteroscopy, and to compare it with carbon dioxide (CO2)

Design: Observational, comparative study.

Setting: Private practice.

Patients: 50 women with fibroids or recurrent bleeding.

Clinical, biochemical, and genetic findings in a large pedigree of male and female patients with 5 alpha-reductase 2 deficiency.

The present report describes a cluster of eight patients with male pseudohermaphroditism from a large pedigree with steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 deficiency (5 alpha RD), who reside in Southern Lebanon. They were born with unambiguous female external genitalia and reared as girls until puberty, when masculinization occurred, followed by a change of gender role. Semen analysis and testicular histology revealed maturation arrest of spermatogenesis, with low sperm count and motility.

Bipolar laparoscopic needles for myoma coagulation.

Study Objectives: To describe the effectiveness in the clinical use of a new bipolar needle for performing laparoscopic coagulation of symptomatic uterine myomas, and to compare it with the neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser.

Design: Observational, comparative.

Setting: Voluntary community hospital.

Comparison of Bipolar Electrocoagulation and Nd:YAG Laser Coagulation for Symptomatic Reduction of Uterine Myomas.

In 1991 and 1992, we presented a review of our experience using Nd:YAG laser fiber and bipolar needles to coagulate uterine myomas laparoscopically. We now present a comparison study of the Nd:YAG laser vs. bipolar coagulation needles for laparoscopic reduction of symptomatic uterine myomas.

Pulmonary accumulation of neutral diamine dithiol complexes of technetium-99m.

Twenty-two neutral, lipid-soluble 99mTc complexes have been synthesized from diamine dithiol (DADT) ligands which vary in alkyl substitution pattern on nitrogen and carbon. The logarithm of the partition coefficients (log PC), as well as the capacity factor k', of the purified complexes increased linearly with molecular weight. The biodistribution of these complexes was determined in normal mice, and several of the complexes selectively accumulated in the lungs as compared to the liver or other organs.

Nd:YAG laser laparoscopic coagulation of symptomatic myomas.

The Nd:YAG laser dispersion effect, 2-5 mm in diameter, is utilized in a new laparoscopic procedure to coagulate and reduce symptomatic serosal and intramural myomas of moderate size (less than or equal to 10 cm). Depot leuprolide pretreatment for 2-6 months resulted in 40-60% shrinkage. Seventy-five patients 35-50 years old with symptomatic myomas, pain and pressure then underwent Nd:YAG laser coagulation for thorough devascularization of uterine myomas.

Laboratory monitoring of androgenic activity in benign prostate hypertrophy treated with a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor.

Testosterone and androstenedione are metabolized by 5 alpha- and 5 beta-reductases to androsterone (A) and etiocholanolone (E), respectively. These are excreted in the urine as conjugates, and the A/E ratio in normal men is usually greater than or equal to 1.5 (as opposed to 1 in women) because of the high 5 alpha-reductase activity in the prostate.

Ambiguous genitalia due to partial activity of cytochromes P450c17 and P450c21.

We describe a patient with male pseudohermaphrodism who has normal basal serum concentrations of cortisol and high basal levels of progesterone and 17 hydroxyprogesterone. Serum concentrations of androstendione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and testosterone were low. On adequate human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) stimulation, no rise in serum androstendione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate or testosterone concentrations was observed.

A review of 35 endometrial ablations using the Nd:YAG laser for recurrent menometrorrhagia.

Endometrial ablation with the Nd:YAG laser can be used to treat recurrent dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Two series of patients were studied. All suffered for at least 1 year with recurrent menometrorrhagia that was unresponsive to other treatments such as hormonal therapy or removal of polyps or fibroids.