[The electronic medical record in pediatrics: functionalities and best use practices].

The implementation of electronic medical record tools in pediatric care implies the creation of use recommendations and a clear definition of functional features. The objective of this paper is to describe minimum specific functionalities for an electronic medical record in pediatrics, with the aim to contribute to a definition of design criteria and best practices for its use. In this report, we will go over the generic functionality of the electronic medical record; we will frame the legal context in Argentina; we will approach some implementation aspects; and finally, we will describe minimum pediatric specific functionalities.

The Ideal Diet for Humans to Sustainably Feed the Growing Population - Review, Meta-Analyses, and Policies for Change.

Introduction: As of now, no study has combined research from different sciences to determine the most suitable diet for humans. This issue is urgent due to the predicted population growth, the effect of this on the environment, and the deterioration of human health and associated costs.

Methods: A literature review determined whether an optimal diet for humans exists and what such a diet is, followed by six meta-analyses.

International Comparison of Six Basic eHealth Indicators Across 14 Countries: An eHealth Benchmarking Study.

Background: Many countries adopt eHealth applications to support patient-centered care. Through information exchange, these eHealth applications may overcome institutional data silos and support holistic and ubiquitous (regional or national) information logistics. Available eHealth indicators mostly describe usage and acceptance of eHealth in a country.

[Use of information and communication technologies by argentine pediatricians].

Introduction: There are not data in Argentina about the percentages of use of Information and Communication Technologies by pediatricians yet.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of the use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) and Electronic Messaging. To describe the perception of advantages and disadvantages.

Technology-mediated communication with patients: WhatsApp Messenger, e-mail, patient portals. A challenge for pediatricians in the digital era.

The digital revolution will have a profound impact on how physicians and health care delivery organizations interact with patients and the community. Primary pediatric care has been historically known in our setting because pediatricians are widely available for consultations. The rapid development of information and communication technologies and their impact on people's life pose a new challenge for pediatricians in relation to the way they communicate with the families of the patients they see.

1.12 Tb/s superchannel coherent PM-QPSK InP transmitter photonic integrated circuit (PIC).

In this work, a 10-wavelength, polarization-multiplexed, monolithically integrated InP coherent QPSK transmitter PIC is demonstrated to operate at 112 Gb/sec per wavelength and total chip superchannel bandwidth of 1.12 Tb/s. This demonstration suggests that increasing data capacity to multi-Tb/s per chip is possible and likely in the future.

Assessing patients' satisfaction with anti-TNFα treatment in Crohn's disease: qualitative steps of the development of a new questionnaire.

Purpose: To develop a self-administered questionnaire assessing patients' satisfaction with treatments in Crohn's disease for use in clinical research and epidemiological studies.

Patients And Methods: Semi-directive interviews (16) were conducted with patients with severe Crohn's disease treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNFα). Transcripts were analyzed and concepts related to satisfaction with treatment were extracted and organized into a model.

Efficient backward-propagation using wavelet-based filtering for fiber backward-propagation.

With the goal of reducing the number of operations required for digital backward-propagation used for fiber impairment compensation, wavelet-based filtering is presented. The wavelet-based design relies on signal decomposition using time-limited basis functions and hence is more compatible with the dispersion operator, which is also time-limited. This is in comparison with inverse-Fourier filter design which by definition is not time-limited due to the use of harmonic basis functions for signal decomposition.

[Internet usage in households with children between 4 and 18 years old. Parent's supervision. Results of a national survey].

Introduction: Internet has become, since its beginning, the ideal media for information access. Children and adolescents use it frequently, and they usually reach inappropriate material, and their parents are not aware of this situation. The objective of the study was to evaluate the family perception of the use at home of the Internet by children and adolescents.

Sevoflurane preconditioning at 1 MAC only provides limited protection in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized bi-centre trial.

Background: Volatile agents can mimic ischaemic preconditioning leading to a decrease in myocardial infarct size. The present study investigated if a 15 min sevoflurane administration before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has a cardioprotective effect in patients undergoing coronary surgery.

Methods: Seventy-two patients were randomized in two centres.

BER estimation of QPSK homodyne detection with carrier phase estimation using digital signal processing.

An approximate analytical expression for the bit error rate of a QPSK homodyne receiver employing digital signal processing for carrier recovery is derived. BER estimated using the analytical expression is in excellent agreement with Monte-Carlo simulations. The analytical approximation leads to an intuitive understanding of the trade off in such systems and allows optimization of system parameters without resorting to Monte-Carlo simulations.

[Efficacy and safety of extended-release clarithromycin (5-day short-course) vs telithromycin, in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis].

Background: The extended-release formulation of clarithromycin (CLA-ER) allows using this macrolide as a single daily dose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the CLA-ER formulation (500 mgx2) vs telithromycin (TELI) (400 mgx2) as a short course 5-day treatment, once a day, in patients with AECB.

Method: This randomized double-blind study was conducted in patients with AECB without severe airflow limitation (FEV1>35%), with sputum purulence (mandatory criterion), and with either increased sputum volume or increased dyspnea, or both (Anthonisen criteria I or II).

WDM Transmission over 320 km EDFA-Amplified SSMF Using 30 Gb/s Return-to-Zero Optical Differential 8-Level Phase-Shift Keying (OD8PSK).

Fiber transmission of optical differential 8-level phase-shift keying (OD8PSK) signals is demonstrated for the first time. Co-polarized 8 WDM channels of 10 Giga-symbol/s or 30 Gb/s return-to-zero (RZ) OD8PSK signals with a channel spacing of 50 GHz were transmitted over 320 km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF) with an EDFA spacing of 80 km. The BER of the worst WDM channel after transmission of 320 km was 2.

Lower respiratory tract illness and RSV prophylaxis in very premature infants.

Aims: To determine the frequency of and the risk factors for readmissions for any lower respiratory tract illness (LRTI) and for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) documented LRTI in children born very prematurely who had or had not received RSV prophylaxis.

Methods: Multicentre prospective longitudinal cohort study of 2813 infants, born between April 2000 and December 2000 at less than 33 weeks of gestational age, and followed until the end of the epidemic season.

Results: Among the 2256 children who had no bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age and were not submitted to RSV prophylaxis, 27.

Five day clarithromycin modified release versus 10 day penicillin V for group A streptococcal pharyngitis: a multi-centre, open-label, randomized study.

Objective: A multicentre, comparative, randomized, open-label, Phase III trial evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of clarithromycin modified release (MR) versus penicillin V for pharyngitis due to group A beta-haemolytic streptococci (GABHS).

Methods: Three hundred and forty-nine patients (12-40 years) with acute pharyngotonsillitis and a positive Streptococcus A antigen immunoassay test were randomized to receive clarithromycin MR 500 mg od for 5 days or penicillin 590 mg tds for 10 days. Patients were clinically evaluated and a throat swab for culture obtained before treatment, after treatment (day 8 or 13 depending on the treatment arm) and at the follow-up visit (day 30).

Genetic and phenotypic characterization of macrolide resistance in group A streptococci isolated from adults with pharyngo-tonsillitis in France.

Three hundred and three strains of group A streptococci (GAS) isolated from adults with pharyngitis were tested to evaluate their phenotype of resistance to macrolides-lincosamides and to search for macrolide resistance genes. MICs of clarithromycin were determined. The overall rate of resistance to both erythromycin and clarithromycin was 9.

Impacted teeth: prophylactic extractions or not?

Pathologic changes related to impacted teeth are infrequent. However, considerable damage to bone and adjacent teeth may result if they do occur. Four patients are described in whom different circumstances existed with impacted teeth.

White phosphorus poisoning of waterfowl in an Alaskan salt marsh.

The cause of the yearly death of an estimated 1,000 to 2,000 migrating dabbling ducks (Anas spp.) and 10 to 50 swans (Cygnus buccinator and C. columbianus) has remained a mystery for the last ten years in Eagle River Flats (ERF), a 1,000 ha estuarine salt marsh near Anchorage, Alaska, used for artillery training by the U.

[Effects of halogenated anesthetics on splanchnic hemodynamic in normo- and hypovolemic cirrhotic rats].

The effects of 1 MAC of either halothane, enflurane or isoflurane on splanchnic haemodynamics were studied in cirrhotic rats that were either normovolaemic or hypovolaemic from haemorrhage. A group of conscious rats acted as the control group. Bile duct ligation had been carried out in all the rats four weeks previously to induce cirrhosis.

[Physiopathology of cardio-circulatory accidents].

The cardio-circulatory system is a transportation system which allows the oxygen to be brought to the organs and eliminates the carbon dioxide produced by these organs. It includes the heart and the vessels. The quantity of blood pulsed by the heart is called cardiac output (approximately 51/mn for an adult).

Hepatic blood flow in humans during isoflurane-N2O and halothane-N2O anesthesia.

Hepatic blood flow (HBF) (assessed by plasma clearance and hepatic extraction of indocyanine green), cardiac index, and hepatic venous oxygen saturation were measured in patients before and after induction of anesthesia with thiopental, fentanyl, and N2O, and again during halothane (1 MAC)-N2O (n = 5) or isoflurane (1 MAC)-N2O (n = 6) anesthesia before the start of surgery. Induction of anesthesia decreased HBF and cardiac index. Before administration of volatile anesthetics, both groups had similar values of HBF, cardiac index, and hepatic venous oxygen saturation.

Effects of ketamine, halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics in normovolemic and hypovolemic cirrhotic rats.

The effects of ketamine, halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics in cirrhotic rats that were either normovolemic or hypovolemic following hemorrhage were characterized. Rats received at random either ketamine (30 mg/kg iv, 1.5 mg.