Do premorbid weight parameters predict BMI 30 years after adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa?

Purpose: To examine anthropometric predictors of BMI 30 years after the onset of adolescent AN.

Methods: A group of 51 individuals with adolescent-onset AN were identified in Sweden in 1985. Anthropometric data have been collected from birth records and school nurse charts.

Human Leukocyte Antigen-Allelic Variations May Influence the Age at Cancer Diagnosis in Lynch Syndrome.

Lynch syndrome (LS) is an inherited cancer predisposition disorder associated with an elevated risk of developing various solid cancers, but mostly colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite having the same germline pathogenic variant (PV) in one of the mis-match repair genes or the gene, Lynch syndrome variant heterozygotes (LSVH) exhibit a remarkable phenotypic variability in the risk of developing cancer. The role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in modifying cancer development risk prompted our hypothesis into whether HLA variations act as potential genetic modifiers influencing the age at cancer diagnosis in LSVH.

Collagen-Electrohydrodynamic Hierarchical Lithography for Biomimetic Photonic Micro-Nanomaterials.

Biologically engineered nanomaterials give rise to unique and intriguing properties, which are not available in nature. The full-realization of such has been hindered by the lack of robust and straightforward techniques to produce the required architectures. Here a new bottomup bionano-engineering route is developed to construct nanomaterials using a guided assembly of collagen building blocks, establishing a lithographic process for three-dimensional collagen-based hierarchical micronano-architectures.

Association of Physical Domain Participation with POTFF Domains in Special Forces Operators.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the physical domain (PD) to improve performance in all the POTFF domains (physical, psychological, social/family, and spiritual) among Special Forces (SF) Operators.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of active SF Operators assigned to the United States Army Special Operations Command (USASOC). Recruitment began in October 2016.

Genetic insights: High germline variant rate in an indigenous African cohort with early-onset colorectal cancer.

Introduction: The increase in incidence of colorectal cancer in young patients of African ancestry coupled with increased aggressiveness has warranted investigation of the heritable nature of these cancers. Only a limited number of published reports of hereditary colorectal cancer in indigenous African populations have been reported and no systematic screening of these groups has been performed previously. We aimed to investigate causative germline variants and to establish the incidence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline variants in the known colorectal cancer genes in indigenous African colorectal cancer patients using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) multigene panel.

Computed tomography reveals hypertrophic remodelling of the diaphragm in cystic fibrosis but not in COPD.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used for assessing skeletal muscle characteristics. In cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reduced limb muscle mass predicts poor clinical outcomes. However, the degree to which quantity or quality of respiratory and nonrespiratory muscles is affected by these diseases remains controversial.

Does Mental and Visual Skills Training Improve High-Value Target Identification and Marksmanship Among Elite Soldiers?

Background: The purpose of this preliminary investigation was to determine the impact of a mental and visual skills training (MVST) program on a high-value target identification and marksmanship (HVTM) task among Special Operations Forces (SOF) Soldiers.

Methods: Deidentified archival data for 52 male SOF Operators (age: 31.06 ± 4.

A comparative cost analysis of two screening strategies for colorectal cancer in Lynch Syndrome in a South African tertiary hospital.

Aim: Lynch Syndrome (LS) individuals have a 25-75% lifetime risk of developing colorectal cancer. Colonoscopy screening decreases this risk. This study compared the cost of Strategy 1: screening colonoscopy for 1st degree relatives of patients that met the Revised Bethesda Criteria (i.

Immunohistochemical determination of mismatch repair gene product in colorectal carcinomas in a young indigenous African cohort.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) in the indigenous African population of South Africa is uncommon (age standardised incidence rates of 11.29 for males and 7.27/100 000 for females) and tends to occur at a young age.

Physical Therapist Residency Competency-Based Education: Development of an Assessment Instrument.

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop generic domains of competence (DoC) with associated competencies and milestones for physical therapist residency education. This work was intended to culminate in establishing validity evidence to support a competency-based assessment instrument that could be used by residency programs to evaluate resident achievement of the competencies, regardless of specialty area.

Methods: Employing the modified Delphi method, a residency education work group developed an evaluation instrument that included 7 DoC and 31 associated competencies with 6 milestones as rating scales for each competency.

Microstratigraphic preservation of ancient faunal and hominin DNA in Pleistocene cave sediments.

Ancient DNA recovered from Pleistocene sediments represents a rich resource for the study of past hominin and environmental diversity. However, little is known about how DNA is preserved in sediments and the extent to which it may be translocated between archaeological strata. Here, we investigate DNA preservation in 47 blocks of resin-impregnated archaeological sediment collected over the last four decades for micromorphological analyses at 13 prehistoric sites in Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America and show that such blocks can preserve DNA of hominins and other mammals.

The 50 years' war: The history and outcomes of the National Cancer Act of 1971.

The National Cancer Act of 1971 instigated 50 years of momentum that raised the federal investment in cancer research from $500 million in 1972 to $6.5 billion in 2021. This investment has fueled basic, translational, and clinical research that has had a tremendous impact on our understanding of cancer and our ability to prevent, diagnose, and treat it.

Point of care tobacco treatment sustains during COVID-19, a global pandemic.

Background: Tobacco cessation treatment for cancer patients is essential to providing comprehensive oncologic care. We have implemented a point of care tobacco treatment care model enabled by electronic health record (EHR) modifications in a comprehensive cancer center. Data are needed on the sustainability of both reach of treatment and effectiveness over time, including the COVID-19 pandemic.

Altered fronto-amygdalar functional connectivity predicts response to cognitive behavioral therapy in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Based on findings from adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), this study examined alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) between the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in children and adolescents with OCD. We also assessed whether such BLA-vmPFC connectivity changed with or predicted response to exposure and response prevention (E/RP), the first-line treatment for pediatric OCD, given the involvement of these regions in fear processing, regulation, and extinction learning-a probable mechanism of action of E/RP.

Methods: Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 25 unmedicated, treatment-naïve pediatric patients with OCD (12.

Bowel preparation for colonoscopy: is diet restriction necessary?

Background: Bowel preparation is essential for quality colonoscopy. Although most bowel preparation regimens recommend dietary restriction for 24 to 48 hours before the procedure, the evidence for this is poor. This study aimed to investigate whether dietary restriction during bowel preparation improves the quality of colonoscopy.

Development and validation of a predictive model algorithm to identify anaphylaxis in adults with type 2 diabetes in U.S. administrative claims data.

Purpose: To use medical record adjudication and predictive modeling methods to develop and validate an algorithm to identify anaphylaxis among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in administrative claims.

Methods: A conventional screening algorithm that prioritized sensitivity to identify potential anaphylaxis cases was developed and consisted of diagnosis codes for anaphylaxis or relevant signs and symptoms. This algorithm was applied to adults with T2D in the HealthCore Integrated Research Database (HIRD) from 2016 to 2018.