Challenges in Retrieving Patterns from Generic Data Structures in Clinical Systems - A Technical Case Report.

Introduction: The secondary use of data in clinical environments offers significant opportunities to enhance medical research and practices. However, extracting data from generic data structures, particularly the Entity-Attribute-Value (EAV) model, remains challenging. This study addresses these challenges by developing a methodological approach to convert EAV-based data into a format more suitable for analysis.

State-of-the-art sleep arousal detection evaluated on a comprehensive clinical dataset.

Aiming to apply automatic arousal detection to support sleep laboratories, we evaluated an optimized, state-of-the-art approach using data from daily work in our university hospital sleep laboratory. Therefore, a machine learning algorithm was trained and evaluated on 3423 polysomnograms of people with various sleep disorders. The model architecture is a U-net that accepts 50 Hz signals as input.

Nucleated red blood cells as a prognostic marker for mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS: an observational study.

Background: The presence of nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) in the peripheral blood of critically ill patients is associated with poor outcome. Evidence regarding the predictive value of NRBCs in patients with SARS-CoV-2-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains elusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive validity of NRBCs in these patients.

Supporting regional pandemic management by enabling self-service reporting-A case report.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic revealed a need for better collaboration among research, care, and management in Germany as well as globally. Initially, there was a high demand for broad data collection across Germany, but as the pandemic evolved, localized data became increasingly necessary. Customized dashboards and tools were rapidly developed to provide timely and accurate information.

Hyperspectral Imaging during Normothermic Machine Perfusion-A Functional Classification of Ex Vivo Kidneys Based on Convolutional Neural Networks.

Facing an ongoing organ shortage in transplant medicine, strategies to increase the use of organs from marginal donors by objective organ assessment are being fostered. In this context, normothermic machine perfusion provides a platform for ex vivo organ evaluation during preservation. Consequently, analytical tools are emerging to determine organ quality.

THz-TDS Reflection Measurement of Coating Thicknesses at Non-Perpendicular Incidence: Experiment and Simulation.

Time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) in the terahertz (THz) frequency range is gaining in importance in nondestructive testing of dielectric materials. One application is the layer thickness measurement of a coating layer. To determine the thickness from the measurement data, the refractive index of the coating layer must be known in the surveyed frequency range.

Urine Specific Gravity Effect on Total and Segmental Body Composition Validity of Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Compared With Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry.

Fleck, SJ, Hayes, A, Stadler, G, Goesch, T, Goldammer, M, and Braun, S. Urine specific gravity effect on total and segmental body composition validity of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis compared with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 373-384, 2021-The purposes were to compare body composition measures between a specific multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer (InBody770) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and determine if hydration status within a specified range affected these measures.

[Therapeutic vaccination for tumors and neurodegenerative diseases].

Therapeutic vaccines are intended for the treatment of established diseases by harnessing the patient's own immune system. In this article we discuss therapeutic areas that are of relevance for therapeutic vaccination, i.e.

A Bacterial Adenylate Cyclase-Based Two-Hybrid System Compatible with Gateway Cloning.

The bacterial adenylate cyclase two-hybrid system (BACTH) is a genetic approach used to test protein interactions in vivo in E. coli. This system takes advantage of the two catalytic domains of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase (CyaA) toxin, which can be fused separately to proteins of interest.

Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction between ethinyl estradiol and gestodene, administered as a transdermal fertility control patch, and two CYP3A4 inhibitors and a CYP3A4 substrate.

Pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) pathway and transdermally administered ethinyl estradiol (EE) and gestodene (GSD) were investigated. This paper reports the findings of three open-label, intra-individual, one-way crossover, Phase I trials. In two studies, women used a novel contraceptive patch for 3 weeks during two 4-week study periods; in the second period, the CYP3A4 inhibitors erythromycin (Study 1) or ketoconazole (Study 2) were administered concurrently.

Fusion of visual and infrared thermography images for advanced assessment in non-destructive testing.

For better evaluation of infrared measurements in non-destructive testing, especially for objects with complex geometry or small dimensions, it is beneficial to combine with the same viewing angle an image of a camera in the visible range with the image of an infrared camera. In the hybrid camera developed by us, a beam splitter is used which combines the visible and the infrared wavelength regions under the same viewing angle to form a hybrid image. The applications of this new technique range from the localization and the verification of false indications in non-destructive testing applications to the retrieval of 3D surface information with a hybrid picture as texture with defect indications and the filtering of laser markings displayed in the IR image to area and process monitoring.

An anomalous haplotype distribution of the arrestin domain-containing 4 gene (ARRDC4) haplotypes in Caucasians.

Little was known about the sequence variability of the human Arrestin domain-containing 4 gene (ARRDC4). We sequenced its DNA from exon 2 to exon 8 in a sample of 92 Russians. Seven variants were identified; one of them has not been described yet.

Vitamin D receptor haplotypes protect against development of colorectal cancer.

Objective: We investigated the association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and colorectal cancer incidence in a Caucasian population.

Methods: Frequencies of the vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms 23005G>A (CDX-2), 27823C>T (FokI), 60890G>A (BsmI), 61050G>A (Tru9I), 61888G>T (ApaI), and 61968T>C (TaqI) were determined in a series of 256 colorectal cancer patients and 256 patients without malignant disease (case-control study) using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping assays (PCR-RFLP). Haplotype analysis based on the six genetic loci was applied to the received genotypes.

Effect of genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome p450 (CYP) 2C9 and CYP2C8 on the pharmacokinetics of oral antidiabetic drugs: clinical relevance.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus affects up to 8% of the adult population in Western countries. Treatment of this disease with oral antidiabetic drugs is characterised by considerable interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and adverse effects. Genetic factors are known to contribute to individual differences in bioavailability, drug transport, metabolism and drug action.

Pharmacogenetics-based new therapeutic concepts.

Pharmacogenetics, one of the fields of clinical pharmacology, studies how genetic factors influence drug response. If hereditary traits are taken into account appropriately before starting drug treatment, the type of drug and its dosage can be tailored to the individual patient's needs. Pharmacogenetics adds a considerable amount of stringency to the doctor's therapeutic approach.

MDR1 haplotypes derived from exons 21 and 26 do not affect the steady-state pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in renal transplant patients.

Aim: This retrospective study investigated the influence of MDR1 haplotypes derived from the polymorphisms 2677G > T (exon 21) and 3435C > T (exon 26) on the pharmacokinetics of the immunosuppressant drug tacrolimus in 73 renal transplant patients.

Methods: Based on both variants of SNPs 2677 and 3435, four different haplotypes and eight different genotypes were identified in the study sample. Tacrolimus trough concentrations (C(0)) were compared between different SNP variants and genotypes, as well as between carriers and noncarriers of each haplotype.

Impact of the ultrarapid metabolizer genotype of cytochrome P450 2D6 on metoprolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

Introduction: In the treatment of heart failure and hypertension with metoprolol, ultrarapid metabolizers (UMs) may not achieve optimal target concentrations with recommended doses. We compared metoprolol pharmacokinetics and effects in UMs with extensive metabolizers (EMs) and with poor metabolizers (PM) as an additional reference group.

Methods: After a single dose of 100 mg metoprolol, pharmacokinetics, resting and exercise heart rate, and blood pressure were analyzed in relation to the CYP2D6 genotypes.

Cytochrome p450 3A4 messenger ribonucleic acid induction by rifampin in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: correlation with alprazolam pharmacokinetics.

Objective: There is significant interest in the assessment of the individual cytochrome p450 (CYP) 3A4 activity. We analyzed whether CYP3A4 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) concentrations in leukocytes reflect CYP3A activity in the liver measured by alprazolam as an in vivo probe drug. We also wanted to identify whether genetically determined high CYP3A5 expression is associated with increased alprazolam clearance.

MDR1 haplotypes do not affect the steady-state pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine in renal transplant patients.

This retrospective study investigated the impact of MDR1 haplotypes derived from the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) 2677G>T (exon 21) and 3435C>T (exon 26) on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine in 98 renal transplant patients. Based on SNPs 2677 and 3435, four different haplotypes and nine different genotypes were identified in the study sample. Frequencies of SNPs, genotypes, and haplotypes were in agreement with previously reported values.

Calcium rubidium nitrate: mode-coupling beta scaling without factorization.

The fast dynamics of viscous calcium rubidium nitrate is investigated by depolarized light scattering, neutron scattering, and dielectric loss. Fast beta relaxation evolves as in calcium potassium nitrate. The dynamic susceptibilities can be described by the asymptotic scaling law of mode-coupling theory with a shape parameter lambda=0.