Chromatographic Analyses, In Vitro Biological Activities, and Cytotoxicity of Cannabis sativa L. Essential Oil: A Multidisciplinary Study.

Due to renewed interest in the cultivation and production of Italian L., we proposed a multi-methodological approach to explore chemically and biologically both the essential oil and the aromatic water of this plant. We reported the chemical composition in terms of cannabinoid content, volatile component, phenolic and flavonoid pattern, and color characteristics.

Exploring the halophyte Cistanche phelypaea (L.) Cout as a source of health promoting products: In vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties, metabolomic profile and computational studies.

In this study, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol and water extracts from flowers, stems and roots of Cistanche phelypaea (L.) Cout were appraised for radical scavenging activity (RSA) towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and superoxide free radicals, and for metal chelating activities on iron and copper ions. The water extracts had the highest antioxidant activity, especially those from roots and flowers, and were further appraised for in vitro inhibition of enzymes implicated on the onset of human ailments, namely acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) for Alzheimer's disease, α-glucosidase and α-amylase for diabetes, and tyrosinase for skin hyperpigmentation disorders.

Discovery of arginine-containing tripeptides as a new class of pancreatic lipase inhibitors.

Aim: The inhibition of pancreatic lipase (PL) represents one of the most promising strategies in the search for novel antiobesity drugs. We propose here a pioneering course by exploring tripeptide scaffolds in the way to selective PL inhibitors.

Methodology/results: The peptide series exhibited good PL inhibitory properties in vitro, with all the strongest inhibitors sharing a central arginine, shown in silico to be relevant for the active site-directed activity.

New pharmacological targets of three species using and models of inflammation and oxidative stress.

This study explored the efficacy of the methanolic extract of three species ( subsp. subsp. var.

Chemical fingerprint and bioactivity evaluation of Globularia orientalis L. and Globularia trichosantha Fisch. & C. A. Mey. using non-targeted HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS approach.

Introduction: In the quest for new sources of biologically-active compounds, the chemical, and biological profiles of two Globularia species (G. trichosantha Fisch. & C.

Multifunctional approaches to provide potential pharmacophores for the pharmacy shelf: Heracleum sphondylium L. subsp. ternatum (Velen.) Brummitt.

Heracleum sphondylium L. subsp. ternatum (Velen.

Paeonia arietina and Paeonia kesrounansis bioactive constituents: NMR, LC-DAD-MS fingerprinting and in vitro assays.

Paeonia species have been valued for their ethnomedicinal uses in various countries and received much interest among the scientific community for their therapeutic properties, including anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects. The multiple phytotherapeutical applications of Paeonia species inspired us to establish the phytochemical fingerprint and to evaluate the biological properties of ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous extracts from the roots and aerial parts of two Paeonia species (P. arietina G.

A comprehensive appraisal on Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb. flower extracts with HPLC-MS/MS profiles, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties.

In the quest for new drugs of herbal origin, the ethyl acetate (EAE), methanol (ME), and water (WE) extracts of Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb. flowers were analyzed for their polyphenolic composition, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory potential.

Chemical and bioactivity screening of subcritical water extracts of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) stems.

Subcritical water extracts of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) stems were chemically and biologically characterised. Chemical profile was defined by GC-MS analysis whereas anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic and tyrosinase-inhibitory activities of the extracts were investigated by in vitro assays. Antioxidant activity assays revealed strong activity against DPPH radical (IC = 0.

Flavone glucosides from .

A new flavone glucoside, 4',5-dihydroxy-3',5',6-trimethoxyflavone-7--β-D-glucoside was obtained from aerial parts of , together with the known flavone eupatilin (5,7-dihydroxy-3',4',6-trimethoxyflavone). The compounds were comprehensively analytically characterized by IR, UV, NMR and HR-MS, and their chemical structures ascertained. The EtOAc fraction of showed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging ability as well as reducing power (in CUPRAC and FRAP assays) and phosphomolybdenum activity.

Subcritical water extraction as a cutting edge technology for the extraction of bioactive compounds from chamomile: Influence of pressure on chemical composition and bioactivity of extracts.

The study was designed to determine the relationship between chemical structure, bioactivity and pressure during the subcritical water extraction (SCW) of chamomile. Extraction was carried out at isothermal conditions (100 °C) at five different pressures (10, 30, 45, 60 and 90 bar). Twenty three polyphenolic compounds were identified in the extracts, whereby apigenin was found to be the dominant compound (61.

Combination of phenolic profiles, pharmacological properties and in silico studies to provide new insights on Silene salsuginea from Turkey.

The genus Silene is renowned in Turkey for its traditional use as food and medicine. Currently, there are 138 species of Silene in Turkey, amongst which have been several studies for possible pharmacological potential and application in food industry. However, there is currently a paucity of data on Silene salsuginea Hub.

In vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of Rubus caesius L.

The genus Rubus (Rosaceae) has great potential for and a history of use as natural agents in several traditional folk remedies. Based on this concept, this study focused on the antioxidant activities and enzyme inhibitory effects of extracts and fractions from Rubus caesius. Different chemical assays were performed to detect antioxidant capacity, namely, free radical scavenging (ABTS and DPPH assays), reducing power (CUPRAC and FRAP), phosphomolybdenum and metal chelating.

Chemical profile, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory properties of two Scutellaria species: S. orientalis L. and S. salviifolia Benth.

Objectives: This study investigates into the biological effects of solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol, and water) of Scutellaria orientalis L. and Scutellaria salviifolia Benth. based on its enzyme inhibitory activity and antioxidant ability together with the screening of bioactive compounds.

The role of flavonoids in autoimmune diseases: Therapeutic updates.

Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds which are included in a panoply of drugs and used to treat and/or manage human ailments such as metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological disorders and cancer. Thus, the purpose of this review is to emphasize the importance of flavonoids for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and put into the limelight of the scientific community several health-promoting effects of flavonoids which could be beneficial for the development of novel drugs from natural products. Despite available reviews on flavonoids targeting various disease conditions, a comprehensive review of flavonoids for autoimmune diseases is still lacking.

Scrophularia lucida L. as a valuable source of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical applications: In vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, enzyme inhibitory properties, in silico studies, and HPLC profiles.

The genus Scrophularia has received much interest with regards to its traditional uses against eczema, psoriasis, and mastitis. Yet, the medicinal properties of some species still need to be scientifically validated. The present study was designed to investigate into the biological properties of various solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous) of the roots and aerial parts of Scrophularia lucida based on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and enzyme inhibitory activities together with phytochemical screening.

Comparative in vitro studies of the biological potential and chemical composition of stems, leaves and berries Aronia melanocarpa's extracts obtained by subcritical water extraction.

Preparation of functional products as well as natural-based products requires non-toxic but effective extraction techniques. In this study, subcritical water extraction was used for the extraction of different aronia parts in order to explore their potential. Stems, leaves and berries of Aronia melanocarpa were extracted under the following conditions: temperature 130 °C; pressure 35 bar; time 20 min.

The influence of the extraction temperature on polyphenolic profiles and bioactivity of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) subcritical water extracts.

The main goal of this research was to determine the relationship among chemical structure, bioactivity and temperature of chamomile during subcritical water extraction in isobaric conditions (45 bar) at seven different temperatures (65-210 °C). The influence of temperature on phenolic profiles was defined by UHPLC-HESI-MS/MS. The overall results indicate that the presence of conjugated double bonds, side chains, glucose moiety or ether moiety in molecules influence the efficiency of polyphenols' extraction in subcritical water.

Essential oils from tropical medicinal herbs and food plants inhibit biofilm formation in vitro and are non-cytotoxic to human cells.

The biofilm inhibition and eradication potential of essential oils (EOs) extracted from six tropical medicinal herbs and food plants [ (PA), (PT), (CGp), (CH), (CR), and (CZ)] were assessed. The mechanism of inhibition was studied via quenching of efflux pump. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using assay and cell lines [human cervix carcinoma (HeLa), human lung fibroblast (MRC-5), and murine melanoma (B16F10)].

Chemical, biological and molecular modelling analyses to probe into the pharmacological potential of Antidesma madagascariense Lam.: A multifunctional agent for developing novel therapeutic formulations.

Antidesma madagascariense Lam. (AM), an indigenous medicinal plant to the Mascarene Islands, is used for the treatment of several diseases. We endeavoured to validate its use via evaluating the kinetics of inhibition of crude aqueous extract (CAE) and crude methanol extract (CME) of AM against key metabolic enzymes (pancreatic lipase, cholesterol esterase [CEase], acetylcholinesterase [AChE], and urease).

Phytol: A review of biomedical activities.

Phytol (PYT) is a diterpene member of the long-chain unsaturated acyclic alcohols. PYT and some of its derivatives, including phytanic acid (PA), exert a wide range of biological effects. PYT is a valuable essential oil (EO) used as a fragrance and a potential candidate for a broad range of applications in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industry.

Characterization of phytochemical components of Ferula halophila extracts using HPLC-MS/MS and their pharmacological potentials: a multi-functional insight.

The inhibitory action of F. halophila extracts (acetone, chloroform, and methanol) against key enzymes linked to diabetes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase), cognitive functions (acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), butyryl cholinesterase (BChE)), and hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase) was assessed. The mutagenic/antimutagenic activities were assessed and the phytochemical profile established by HPLC-MS/MS.

In vitro and in silico approaches to unveil the mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic effect of juncunol on human hepatocarcinoma cells.

Background: Juncunol is a phenanthrene isolated from the halophyte species Juncus acutus, with selective cytotoxic activity towards human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells. However, its mechanism of action is unknown.

Methods: The in vitro cytotoxic mechanism of juncunol was evaluated on HepG2 cells through several methods to elucidate its potential to induce apoptotic features, decrease mitochondrial membrane potential, promote internal ROS production and influence cell cycle.

Polyphenolic composition, enzyme inhibitory effects ex-vivo and in-vivo studies on two Brassicaceae of north-central Italy.

In this study, three different extracts (soxhlet, microwave and decoction) from two species of broccoli: Brassica oleracea L. convar. Italica botrytis (L.

HPLC-DAD profiles and pharmacological insights of Onobrychis argyrea subsp isaurica extracts.

Onobrychis argyrea Boiss. subsp. Isaurica (Fabaceae), endemic to the eastern Mediterranean region, is a poorly studied medicinal plant.