A semen-specific deoxyribonucleic acid methylation model for epigenetic age estimation and its robustness under environmental challenges.

In forensic investigations, semen samples are a common form of biological evidence, especially in cases involving sexual assault. Therefore, accurately estimating the age of an individual is crucial in criminal cases. This study presents a novel age estimation model based on semen-specific CpG methylation patterns.

Attitudes among physicians towards transgender and gender diverse people in Turkey: Relationship with religiousness, political view and conservatism.

According to several recent studies, physicians in various medical branches have some differences in attitudes towards transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) persons based on religious or political beliefs. Our study aims to uncover the attitudes of the general physician community in Turkey, which has a youthful profile, regarding TGD individuals. The attitudes towards transgender individuals scale (ATTI) and the general conservatism scale, along with a form that asks about socio-demographic factors, political beliefs, and level of religion, were administered online to physicians.

InDEL instability in two different tumoral tissues and its forensic significance.

There may be cases where malignant tumor samples can be used for forensic DNA profiling studies. STRs are the first systems preferred in forensic science laboratories for identification purposes. However, genetic instability in tumoral tissues causes STR polymorphism to change, leading to erroneous results.

Epigenetic-based age prediction in blood samples: Model development.

Aging is a complex process influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that lead to tissue deterioration and frailty. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, play a significant role in gene expression regulation and aging. This study presents a new age estimation model developed for the Turkish population using blood samples.

The potential of Raman and FT-IR spectroscopic methods for the detection of chlorine in human nail samples.

Although chlorine (Cl2) has been used as a chemical warfare agent since World War I there is no known specific and reliable biomarker to indicate the presence of chlorine. We distinguished chlorinated human nails from unchlorinated ones using Raman spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. This research was carried out between October 2018 and July 2019 on two nail samples taken from 55 male and 104 female volunteers.

Femicide in Turkey between 2000 and 2010.

Although intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important problem that threatens women's health, very few studies focus on the victim-perpetrator relationship or examine this relationship across Turkey. The aim of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of femicide cases in Turkey and to describe the socio-demographic, clinical, forensic, and criminological characteristics of femicide victims and offenders. This study analysed 162 femicide cases that occurred in 12 cities in Turkey from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2010.

The pathology of lethal exposure to the Riot Control Agents: towards a forensics-based methodology for determining misuse.

The aim of this is to review deaths associated with the use of Riot Control Agents (RCAs) and to assess how the presenting pathologies is such cases may better inform cause of death conclusions upon autopsy. We also sought to present which additional steps should be added to the Minnesota protocol and the European harmonization of medico-legal autopsy rules in suspected cases of deaths associated with the use of RCAs. We included 10 lethal cases in our study.

The approaches of physicians working in the field of pathology regarding forensic pathology practice and the training process.

Objective: Forensic autopsies are performed by the forensic medicine department and the microscopic examination processes by pathology specialists within the forensic medicine practice in Turkey. This disconnection in the process raises problems in the training of both branches. The aim of this study was to determine the awareness of pathology staff on forensic medicine practices and responsibilities and their opinion on the pathology training model in the forensic medicine specialty and to discuss the matter within the framework of the present situation and global applications.

Prognostic significance of CD44 and c-erb-B2 protein overexpression in patients with gastric cancer.

Background/aims: The aim of the study is to evaluate the correlation between c-erb-B2 and CD44 overexpression and survival of patients with gastric cancer.

Methodology: The paraffin blocks of 48 patients with gastric carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. The pathological specimens were stained with CD44 and c-erb-B2 by immunohistochemical methods.

Why did the patient die? The relationship between ambulance accidents and death of patients: forensic medical issues.

This article's aim is investigating traumatic consequences of ambulance accident on patients and discussing difficulties to give a decision about the relation between death and accident at these cases. The cases were selected among the forensic medical reports concluded between 1996 and 2005 years. They were documented for age, sex, causes of urgent call, localization and extent of traumatic lesion, properties of events and board decisions.

Diffuse alveolar damage of the lungs in forensic autopsies: assessment of histopathological stages and causes of death.

Introduction: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a morphological prototype of acute interstitial pneumonia. Hospital autopsies or open-lung biopsies are used to monitor common alveolar damage and hyaline membrane (HM) development histopathologically. The aim of this study was to detect histopathological profiles and frequency of DAD and HM in adult forensic autopsies.

Upon a failure to equal entry and exit wounds: a possible case of tandem bullets in view of the literature.

Forensic medicine specialists take account of the projectiles remaining in the body when determining whether there are an equal number of entry and exit wounds. The absence of projectiles should suggest blank cartridges, a single exit wound despite several firings and bullet embolization, whereas the presence of more projectiles than expected may indicate tandem projectiles and multiple projectiles entering through the same hole. Radiological examination of the whole body, follow-up of the bullet trajectories, examination of the clothes, and examination of the gun and projectiles play a key role in solving difficult cases.

Interinstitutional review of slides for forensic pathology: types of inconsistencies.

Because of the specific structure of forensic medicine in Turkey, reexamination of histopathologic specimens is a frequent practice. The aim of the present study is the assessment of microscopic diagnostic consistency in forensic pathology between different laboratories. Reports of the Council of Forensic Medicine between 2001 and 2004 were examined, and 150 cases with second pathologic examination were found.

Microsurgical and histomorphometric study of the occipital sinus: quantitative measurements using a novel approach of stereology.

Quantitative descriptions of the occipital sinus are lacking in the extant medical literature. Posterior fossa duras with the superior sagittal sinus, the inferior and superior petrosal sinuses were dissected and taken out from fresh human cadavers by cutting at the superior sagittal sinus, the marginal sinuses and the petrosal sinuses bilaterally. The length of the occipital sinuses was measured using calipers.

Methanol intoxication: pathological changes of central nervous system (17 cases).

The nervous system has increased susceptibility for methanol intoxication. The aim of this study is to investigate various central nervous system lesions of methanol intoxication in 17 cases autopsied in the mortuary department of the Council of Forensic Medicine in Istanbul, Turkey. The reasons of methanol intoxication in the cases was likely the unwitting ingestion of methanol while drinking illegal alcohol.

Anterolateral approach to the cervical spine: major anatomical structures and landmarks. Technical note.

Object: The authors undertook a study to explore the topographic anatomical features seen during the anterolateral approach to cervical spine, anatomical variations, and certain landmarks related to the surgical procedure.

Methods: The study was conducted in 30 fresh cadavers.

Results: The common carotid artery bifurcation was mostly found at the level of C-4 (78%).

[Cardiac ruptures following myocardial infarction in medicolegal cases].

Objective: Characteristics of legal autopsy cases with cardiac rupture following myocardial infarction are investigated in this retrospective observational study and the results are compared with a control group consisting of acute myocardial infarction cases without rupture.

Methods: Legal autopsy reports of 50 cases with heart tamponade resulting from heart muscle rupture following myocardial infarction, autopsied at the Morgue Department of the Council of Forensic Medicine between the years 1998-2005 were retrospectively reviewed. Findings were compared to control group consisting of 30 myocardial infarction cases without rupture.