Reproduction and Fertility of Buffaloes in Nepal.

Water buffalo () in Nepal contributes 57% of the total milk and 36% of the total meat production in the country. The productive efficiency of Nepalese buffaloes is quite low, due mainly to subfertility and infertility. Delayed puberty and prolonged inter-calving intervals, attributed mainly by anestrus due to silent cyclicity and ovarian acyclicity, are the major forms of infertility in Nepalese buffaloes.

Days in milk at first AI in dairy cows; its effect on subsequent reproductive performance and some factors influencing it.

The aim of the present study was to show the distribution of cows by days in milk (DIM) at first AI, effect of DIM at first AI on reproductive performance and some factors influencing DIM at first AI. A total of 767 Holstein Frisian cows that calved from January 2004 to December 2007 in 14 dairy herds were used. The first AI conception rate (FAICR) was 34.

Relationship between milk somatic cell count and postpartum ovarian cyclicity and fertility in dairy cows.

The main objective of the study was to describe the relationship of high somatic cell count (SCC) with the incidence of abnormal postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity and reproductive performance in dairy cows. The factors influencing SCC were also investigated. Four hundred and forty-seven cows from six dairy herds in Japan were monitored for SCC and postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity.

Analysis of some factors affecting fertility levels in a high-producing dairy herd in south-western Japan.

The present study aimed to know whether all cows have been showing declining fertility or only a proportion of cows are attributed to the declining fertility, and to describe factors affecting the level of fertility. A total of 131 cows calved from February 2005 to December 2007 in a dairy herd were examined. Fourteen cows were excluded from the study because of early culling.

Reproductive performance of repeat breeders in dairy herds.

The objectives were to characterize repeat breeding in dairy cows, including reproductive performance and risk factors. Data from 613 Holstein Friesian cows in nine dairy herds across Japan were enrolled. A repeat breeder was defined as a cow that did not become pregnant after three inseminations, despite no clinically detectable reproductive disorders.

Prevalence of endometritis during the postpartum period and its impact on subsequent reproductive performance in two Japanese dairy herds.

The objectives of this study were to ascertain the prevalence of different degrees of endometritis during different periods postpartum, to define 'clinically relevant endometritis', to determine its impact on subsequent reproductive performance, and to determine some risk factors for the incidence of clinically relevant endometritis in dairy cows. Holstein Friesian cows (n=135) from two commercial dairy herds were examined vaginoscopically and by per rectal palpation of genital organs for the first time between 15 and 60d postpartum. Cows with any proportion of pus in the cervico-vaginal discharge were defined as having endometritis and were classified into mild, mucopurulent, or purulent endometritis or postpuerperal metritis.