[The results of five years follow-up prospective study of vaginal prolapse repaired by prolift total mesh surgery or sacrospinous fixation].

Objective: The aim of the study is to compare the results of five years follow-up prospective study of vaginal prolapse repaired by prolift total mesh surgery or sacrospinous fixation.

Study Design: A single-center prospective, cohort study, in patients with defect grade II and more by POP-Q.

Setting: The Institute for the Care of Mather and Child; 3rd Medical Faculty Charles university, Prague.

[Reconstruction of the posterior and central compartment with the Prolift Posterior: cohort study with a 5-year follow-up].

Objective: To analyse the results of the long-term prospective follow-up study of vaginal prolapse reconstructed using a Prolift Posterior.

Study Design: Prospective, cohort study.

Setting: Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague.

SRC3 Phosphorylation at Serine 543 Is a Positive Independent Prognostic Factor in ER-Positive Breast Cancer.

Purpose: The steroid receptor coactivator SRC3 is essential for the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor α (ERα). SRC3 is sufficient to cause mammary tumorigenesis, and has also been implicated in endocrine resistance. SRC3 is posttranslationally modified by phosphorylation, but these events have not been investigated with regard to functionality or disease association.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by post-operative trastuzumab for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus trastuzumab (NCT) increases the rate of pathological complete response (pCR) and event-free survival (EFS) compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) alone in women with HER2 positive breast cancer (BC). pCR in this setting is associated with improved EFS. Whether NCT preferentially improves EFS in comparison to NC followed by adjuvant trastuzumab initiated postoperatively (NCAT) has not been addressed.

Expression of selected proteins in breast cancer brain metastases.

The aim of the study was to assess the immunohistochemical (IHC) profiles of SRC3, Pax2, ER, PgR, Her2, EGFR, CK5/6, and Ki67 proteins in breast-cancer brain metastasis. The study utilized tumor samples from 30 metastatic patients and calculated correlations between all IHC variables. In fourteen cases, primary breast cancers paired with secondary deposits were analyzed.

[The injury of bladder without penetrate during the TVT surgery for stress incontinence].

Objective: The aim of this article is alert to possibile of non-penetrating injury of bladder and risk of extraperitoneal bleeding during the TVT surgery when the tape is inserted by retropubic path. This type of injury can't be find by cystoscopy and there can be a serious blood loss in to the interstitial space. According this fact, there is a great importance of this injury and there is an urgent need to prompt reaction on this situation.

[Cooperation between mammologist and radiodiagnostic in the management of mammary leasions in the University Hospital Kralovské Vinohrady].

Epidemiological datas describing up to date status of diagnostics and oncological parameters (incidence, mortality, prevalence, total number of pacients with breast cancer) are given in the article. Further changes are comented in this field after start of mammografic screening programme in our country in the year 2002. Authors evaluated possibilities of clinical diagnostics performed by mammologist in his ambulance and possibilities and types of invasive and noninvasive (immaging) diagnostic methods performed by radiodiagnostic according mammologist indication.

Expression of steroid receptor coactivator 3 in ovarian epithelial cancer is a poor prognostic factor and a marker for platinum resistance.

Background: Steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC3) is an important coactivator of a number of transcription factors and is associated with a poor outcome in numerous tumours. Steroid receptor coactivator 3 is amplified in 25% of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) and its expression is higher in EOCs compared with non-malignant tissue. No data is currently available with regard to the expression of SRC-3 in EOC and its influence on outcome or the efficacy of treatment.

Site-specific CpG methylation in the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta (CEBPδ) CpG island in breast cancer is associated with metastatic relapse.

Background: The CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta (CEBPδ) is a member of a highly conserved family of basic region leucine zipper transcription factors. It has properties consistent with a tumour suppressor; however, other data suggest that CEBPδ may be involved in the metastatic process.

Methods: We analysed the expression of CEBPδ and the methylation status of the CpG island in human breast cancer cell lines, in 107 archival cases of primary breast cancer and in two series of metastatic breast cancers using qPCR and pyrosequencing.

[Reproductive functions in women after cancer therapy].

Improvement in early diagnostics and treatment options led to an increase in the number of young oncological patients in reproductive age. These young oncological patietns have life-long consequences of treatment, such as infertility, early menopause and sexual dysfunctions. There is the possibility of maintening fertility by assisted reproduction methods.

NT5E CpG island methylation is a favourable breast cancer biomarker.

Background: Relapse risk assessment and individual treatment recommendations remain suboptimal for breast cancer patients. In the light of existing preclinical and clinical data, we studied NT5E (5'-nucleotidase, ecto) expression and NT5E CpG island methylation in breast cancer.

Methods: We used RT-PCR, qPCR, methylation-specific PCR and pyrosequencing to analyse NT5E in breast carcinoma cell lines and primary and breast carcinomas.

Methylation of the calcium channel regulatory subunit α2δ-3 (CACNA2D3) predicts site-specific relapse in oestrogen receptor-positive primary breast carcinomas.

Background: Calcium is an important intracellular messenger that mediates many biological processes that are relevant to the malignant process. Calcium ion channels are key in controlling the intracellular calcium, and little is known about their role in human cancer.

Methods: We used qPCR and pyrosequencing to investigate expression and epigenetic regulation of the calcium channel regulatory subunit α(2)δ-3 (CACNA2D3) in breast cancer cell lines, primary cancers and metastatic lesions.

Differential oestrogen receptor binding is associated with clinical outcome in breast cancer.

Oestrogen receptor-α (ER) is the defining and driving transcription factor in the majority of breast cancers and its target genes dictate cell growth and endocrine response, yet genomic understanding of ER function has been restricted to model systems. Here we map genome-wide ER-binding events, by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq), in primary breast cancers from patients with different clinical outcomes and in distant ER-positive metastases. We find that drug-resistant cancers still recruit ER to the chromatin, but that ER binding is a dynamic process, with the acquisition of unique ER-binding regions in tumours from patients that are likely to relapse.

High frequency of complex TP53 mutations in CNS metastases from breast cancer.

Background: Brain metastasis from breast cancer is usually associated with a poor prognosis and early death. Alteration of p53 may contribute to malignant progression by abrogation of apoptosis induced by oncogene activation and by acquisition of gain-of-function properties, which promote tumour aggression. Mutation in TP53 occurs at high frequency in carcinomas of the lung and gastro-intestinal tract, but is much less frequent, at 25%, in primary breast cancer.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer relapsing post-adjuvant trastuzumab: pattern of recurrence, treatment and outcome.

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the response to and benefit of first-line metastatic treatment (including re-exposure to trastuzumab) for patients relapsing after exposure to adjuvant trastuzumab (AT).

Patients And Methods: All HER2-positive breast cancer cases relapsing after exposure to AT at our institutions were identified. Clinico-pathologic details, pattern of relapse, and treatment in the metastatic setting were documented.

Management and outcome of HER2-positive early breast cancer treated with or without trastuzumab in the adjuvant trastuzumab era.

Background: Adjuvant trastuzumab (AT) is known to significantly improve survival of women with HER2(+) early breast cancer. This study explores the use and nonuse of AT in early breast cancer, as well as the efficacy in a neoadjuvant and adjuvant population, within a routine clinical setting.

Patients And Methods: Histopathology reports of invasive breast cancer resected at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (ICHT) between January 2006 and December 2008 were reviewed.

The role of SRC-3 in human breast cancer.

Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily are ligand-regulated transcription factors involved in the control of a broad range of normal physiological and disease processes. The estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) is a member of the steriod receptor family, which is part of the nuclear receptor superfamily. ERalpha it is important for many biological processes and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

The role of steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3) in human malignant disease.

Background: The p160 steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family is critical to the transcriptional activation function of nuclear hormone receptors. A key member of this family is SRC-3, initially found to be amplified and expressed in breast cancer it has subsequent been shown to be expressed in malignant disease arising from a wide range of other organs. An understanding of the potential role of SRC-3 in the pathogenesis and its possible prognostic role in a broad range of tumours will improve our general understanding of carcinogenesis as well as potentially leading to a new prognostic marker as well as new therapeutic targets.

FoxM1 is a downstream target and marker of HER2 overexpression in breast cancer.

The tyrosine kinase receptor, HER2 is a crucial prognostic marker and therapeutic target for breast cancer; however, the downstream targets and biological effectors of HER2 remain unclear. We investigated the relationship between HER2 and the transcription factor FoxM1 in breast cancer. HER2 and FoxM1 expression levels were compared in breast carcinoma cell lines, paraffin-embedded breast cancer patient samples and at the mRNA level in purified breast epithelial cells.

Guided tissue regeneration, barrier membranes and reconstruction of the cleft maxillary alveolus.

The use of barrier membranes for bone regeneration is especially beneficial in the case of severely affected soft tissue. One useful indication may be the formation of an effective shell for bone grafts in maxilla cleft defect reconstruction. When selecting a proper material for clinical use, one must consider the safety record, the resorption time and route of elimination, the time of the maintained barrier function, the necessary time of mechanical strength, and costs.

Reconstruction of maxilla alveolus for application of dental implant in patients with cleft defect.

The prospective study of dental implant application into the reconstructed maxilla alveolus of cleft patients was started in 2001. Its aims are to specify precisely the indications, conditions and techniques, as well as the factors justifying the assumption that the results will be successful. Indication was based on an examination by a multidisciplinary therapeutic team (plastic surgeon, dental surgeon, orthodontist, and prosthetist), with the proviso that the patient should have a positive approach.