Dialyzability of Faropenem in Infected Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of dialyzability of an oral penem antibiotic, faropenem (FRPM), in hemodialysis (HD) patients with infections. Eight patients took one tablet of FRPM (200 mg) every 12 h during an inter-dialysis period, and another tablet at 1-5 h before the beginning of the HD session. Blood samples were obtained during the HD session (3-4 h).

Inhibition of CYP3A4 by 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin in human CYP3A4 over-expressed hepG2 cells.

Objectives: We previously established HepG2-GS-3A4, a cell line from hepatoblastoma with overexpression of human CYP3A4 and glutamine synthetase (GS). We further reported that these cells can be applied for screening inhibitors of CYP3A4 in vitro. The purpose of this study was to determine whether our CYP3A4-overexpresed cell could be applied to evaluate mechanisms of CYP3A4 inhibition by 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin (DHB), which is one of the major furanocoumarins in grapefruit juice, by using these cells.

Cranberry juice suppressed the diclofenac metabolism by human liver microsomes, but not in healthy human subjects.

Aim: To investigate a potential interaction between cranberry juice and diclofenac, a substrate of CYP2C9.

Methods: The inhibitory effect of cranberry juice on diclofenac metabolism was determined using human liver microsome assay. Subsequently, we performed a clinical trial in healthy human subjects to determine whether the repeated consumption of cranberry juice changed the diclofenac pharmacokinetics.

Dosing time-dependent effect of raloxifene on plasma fibrinogen concentration in ovariectomized rats.

The chronopharmacological effect of raloxifene, a selective estrogen-receptor modulator, was evaluated by repeated dosing of ovariectomized rats. Bilateral ovariectomy or sham operation was performed at age 12 wks, and animals were kept in rooms with a 12 h light-12 h dark cycle. Raloxifene (3 mg/kg, once daily for 10 wks) or vehicle was given repeatedly at either 2 h after lights-on (2 HALO) or 14 h after lights-on (14 HALO).

Effects of selenium status and supplementary seleno-chemical sources on mouse T-cell mitogenesis.

Although selenium is thought to be essential for various immune responses, the excess supplementation may have an adverse effect on certain immunological functions. The present study was designed to determine the effective chemical forms of selenium and their optimal levels on T-cell mitogenesis with splenic cells from mice given a selenium-deficient diet for 8 weeks to avoid effects of cellular selenium sources. Although selenium in tissues, except for spleen and thymus, was almost depleted by feeding selenium-deficient diet, the lymphoid organs still contained low levels of selenium.