Mortality in Newly Admitted Nursing Home Older Adults with Dementia in France: A Post Hoc Analysis from an Observational Study in the Bordeaux Region.

Background/objectives: A significant proportion of older adults with Alzheimer's disease or related disorders live in a long-term care facility. This study aimed to determine the time delay between admission and death for older adults with dementia.

Methods: A post hoc analysis was conducted using data from a French observational cohort, identifying older adults with dementia who were admitted to nursing homes.

HIV-1 interaction with an -glycan-specific bacterial lectin enhances virus infectivity and resistance to neutralizing antibodies.

Bacteria dysbiosis and its accompanying inflammation or compromised mucosal integrity is associated with an increased risk of HIV-1 transmission. However, HIV-1 may also bind bacteria or bacterial products to impact infectivity and transmissibility. This study evaluated HIV-1 interactions with bacteria through glycan-binding lectins.

Investigating the impact of primary care networks on continuity of care in English general practice: Analysis of interviews with patients and clinicians from a mixed methods study.

Introduction: In England, primary care networks (PCNs) offer opportunities to improve access to and sustainability of general practice through collaboration between groups of practices to provide care with a broader range of practitioner roles. However, there are concerns that these changes may undermine continuity of care. Our study investigates what the organisational shift to PCNs means for continuity of care.

Improving ecosystem health in highly altered river basins: a generalized framework and its application to the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin.

Continued large-scale public investment in declining ecosystems depends on demonstrations of "success". While the public conception of "success" often focuses on restoration to a pre-disturbance condition, the scientific community is more likely to measure success in terms of improved ecosystem health. Using a combination of literature review, workshops and expert solicitation we propose a generalized framework to improve ecosystem health in highly altered river basins by reducing ecosystem stressors, enhancing ecosystem processes and increasing ecosystem resilience.

Patient-perceived progression in multiple system atrophy: natural history of quality of life.

Background: Health-related quality of life (Hr-QoL) scales provide crucial information on neurodegenerative disease progression, help improve patient care and constitute a meaningful endpoint for therapeutic research. However, Hr-QoL progression is usually poorly documented, as for multiple system atrophy (MSA), a rare and rapidly progressing alpha-synucleinopathy. This work aimed to describe Hr-QoL progression during the natural course of MSA, explore disparities between patients and identify informative items using a four-step statistical strategy.

DeepAlienorNet: A deep learning model to extract clinical features from colour fundus photography in age-related macular degeneration.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a deep learning (DL) model, named 'DeepAlienorNet', to automatically extract clinical signs of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) from colour fundus photography (CFP).

Methods And Analysis: The ALIENOR Study is a cohort of French individuals 77 years of age or older. A multi-label DL model was developed to grade the presence of 7 clinical signs: large soft drusen (>125 μm), intermediate soft (63-125 μm), large area of soft drusen (total area >500 μm), presence of central soft drusen (large or intermediate), hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, and advanced AMD (defined as neovascular or atrophic AMD).

Associations of drusen location with risk factors and incidence of late age-related macular degeneration in the Alienor study.

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that central drusen location is strongly linked with known Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) risk factors and risk of incident late AMD.

Methods: The Alienor study is a prospective population-based cohort study of residents of Bordeaux, France, followed from 2009 to 2017. On retinal photographs, we defined central drusen as at least one soft drusen (>63 μm) within 500 μm from fovea and pericentral drusen as at least one drusen 500-3000 μm from fovea, in the absence of any central drusen.

The patient experience of skill mix changes in primary care: an in-depth study of patient 'work' when accessing primary care.

Background: This paper presents insights into patient experiences of changes in workforce composition due to increasing deployment in general practice of practitioners from a number of different professional disciplines (skill mix). We explore these experiences via the concept of 'patient illness work'; how a patient's capacity for action is linked to the work arising from healthcare.

Methods: We conducted four focus group interviews with Patient Participation Group members across participating English general practitioner practices.

Permanent shear localization in dense disordered materials due to microscopic inertia.

In this work using computer simulations of 3D model of dense disordered solids we show, for the first time, the appearance of shear localization in the stationary flow under homogeneous driving conditions. To rationalize our simulation results we develop a continuum model, that couples the dynamics of the local flow to the evolution of a kinetic temperature field related to the local inertial dynamics. Our model predicts that the coupling of the flow field to this additional destabilizing field appears only as a necessary condition for shear localization, a minimum system size is necessary to accommodate the flow instability.

Protocol for the YORKSURe prospective multistage study testing the feasibility for early detection of bladder cancer in populations with high disease-specific mortality risk.

Introduction: Around 25% of patients with bladder cancer (BCa) present with invasive disease. Non-randomised studies of population-based screening have suggested reductions in BCa-specific mortality are possible through earlier detection. The low prevalence of lethal disease in the general population means screening is not cost-effective and there is no consensus on the best strategy.

Locked down by inequality: Older people and the COVID-19 pandemic.

This paper develops the argument that post-COVID-19 recovery strategies need to focus on building back cities and communities, and that this requires a strong embedding of '' principles to support marginalised groups of older people, especially those living in deprived urban neighbourhoods, trapped in poor quality housing. It shows that older people living in such areas are likely to experience a 'double lockdown' as a result of restrictions imposed by social distancing combined with the intensification of social and spatial inequalities. This argument is presented as follows: first, the paper examines the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on , highlighting how the pandemic is both creating new and reinforcing existing inequalities in ageing along the lines of gender, class, ethnicity, race, ability and sexuality.

HIV-1 interaction with an -glycan-specific bacterial lectin enhances virus infectivity and resistance to neutralization by antibodies.

Bacteria dysbiosis has been associated with an increased risk of HIV-1 transmission and acquisition. The prevalent idea is that bacteria dysbiosis compromises mucosal integrity and promotes inflammatory conditions to cause recruitment and activation of immune cells that harbor or are targeted by HIV-1. However, it is also possible that HIV-1 directly binds bacteria or bacterial products to impact virus infectivity and transmissibility.

A New Option for Pain Prevention Using a Therapeutic Virtual Reality Solution for Bone Marrow Biopsy (REVEH Trial): Open-Label, Randomized, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study.

Background: Evidence regarding the analgesic effect of distraction through immersion in virtual reality (VR) for care-induced pain has been documented in several phase 2 trials, but comparison with standard treatments in large, randomized studies is needed.

Objective: In this open-label, multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel VR therapy solution for distraction in the context of bone marrow biopsy.

Methods: Bliss is a VR software with 4 imaginary interactive environments in 3 dimensions with binaural sound (head-mounted display).

De novo sequencing and construction of a unique antibody for the recognition of alternative conformations of cytochrome in cells.

Cytochrome (cyt ) can undergo reversible conformational changes under biologically relevant conditions. Revealing these alternative cyt conformers at the cell and tissue level is challenging. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) identifying a key conformational change in cyt was previously reported, but the hybridoma was rendered nonviable.

Marine-Sulfated Polysaccharides Extracts Exhibit Contrasted Time-Dependent Immunomodulatory and Antiviral Properties on Porcine Monocytes and Alveolar Macrophages.

Porcine respiratory complex syndrome has a strong economic impact on the swine breeding sector, as well as a clear repercussion on the wellbeing of the animals, leading to overuse of antimicrobial molecules. Algal extracts used in short-term treatments are empirically recognized by farmers as having a positive effect on pigs' health, however, their mechanisms of action are not well known and more research is needed. Herein we studied the short and median term impact of three algal extracts, in vitro, on the pro-inflammatory and antiviral responses of porcine primary blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages, as well as the susceptibility of the treated cells to infection by Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and the Aujeszky's Disease Virus (ADV).

A multinational study of acute and long-term outcomes of Type 1 galactosemia patients who carry the S135L (c.404C > T) variant of GALT.

Patients with galactosemia who carry the S135L (c.404C > T) variant of galactose-1-P uridylyltransferase (GALT), documented to encode low-level residual GALT activity, have been under-represented in most prior studies of outcomes in Type 1 galactosemia. What is known about the acute and long-term outcomes of these patients, therefore, is based on very limited data.

Skin autofluorescence of Advanced Glycation End-products and mortality in older adults: The roles of chronic kidney disease and diabetes.

Background And Aim: Advanced glycation end products are involved in age-related multisystem decline. They accumulate in body tissues with age, diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and can be measured non-invasively by the skin autofluorescence (SAF). We studied the relation between SAF and later mortality in old adults.

General practice managers' motivations for skill mix change in primary care: Results from a cross-sectional survey in England.

Objectives: The objectives are to determine the factors that motivated GP practice managers in England to employ non-medical roles, and to identify an ideal hypothetical GP practice workforce.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey of GP practice managers in England ( = 1205). The survey focused on six non-medical roles: advanced nurse practitioner, specialist nurse, health care assistant, physician associate, paramedic and pharmacist.

Impact of Chemoprophylaxis on Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale Infection Among Civilian Travelers: A Nested Case-Control Study With a Counterfactual Approach on 862 Patients.

Background: The impact of chemoprophylaxis targeting Plasmodium falciparum on Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale, which may remain quiescent as hypnozoites in the liver, is debated.

Methods: We conducted a nested case-control analysis of the outcomes of P. vivax and P.