Early Detection of 5 Neurodevelopmental Disorders of Children and Prevention of Postnatal Depression With a Mobile Health App: Observational Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Delay in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in toddlers and postnatal depression (PND) is a major public health issue. In both cases, early intervention is crucial but too rarely implemented in practice.

Objective: Our goal was to determine if a dedicated mobile app can improve screening of 5 NDDs (autism spectrum disorder [ASD], language delay, dyspraxia, dyslexia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]) and reduce PND incidence.

OECD harmonised template 201: Structuring and reporting mechanistic information to foster the integration of new approach methodologies for hazard and risk assessment of chemicals.

In the European Union, the Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability (CSS) highlights the need to enhance the identification and assessment of substances of concern while reducing animal testing, thus fostering the development and use of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) such as in silico, in vitro and in chemico. In the United States, the Tox21 strategy aims at shifting toxicological assessments away from traditional animal studies towards target-specific, mechanism-based and biological observations mainly obtained by using NAMs. Many other jurisdictions around the world are also increasing the use of NAMs.

Evaluation of the cognitive outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: The role of thalamus.

Cardiac arrest survivors develop a variety of neuropsychological impairments and neuroanatomical lesions. The goal of this study is to evaluate if brain voxel-based morphometry and lesional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) analyses performed in the acute phase of an Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) can be sensitive enough to predict the persistence of neuropsychological disorders beyond 3 months. Survivors underwent a prospective brain MRI during the first month after an OHCA and performed neuropsychological assessments at 1 and 3 months.

Immunotherapy of glioblastoma explants induces interferon-γ responses and spatial immune cell rearrangements in tumor center, but not periphery.

A patient-tailored, ex vivo drug response platform for glioblastoma (GBM) would facilitate therapy planning, provide insights into treatment-induced mechanisms in the immune tumor microenvironment (iTME), and enable the discovery of biomarkers of response. We cultured regionally annotated GBM explants in perfusion bioreactors to assess iTME responses to immunotherapy. Explants were treated with anti-CD47, anti-PD-1, or their combination, and analyzed by multiplexed microscopy [CO-Detection by indEXing (CODEX)], enabling the spatially resolved identification of >850,000 single cells, accompanied by explant secretome interrogation.

Early Detection of Neurodevelopmental Disorders of Toddlers and Postnatal Depression by Mobile Health App: Observational Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Delays in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in toddlers and postnatal depression (PND) in mothers are major public health issues. In both cases, early intervention is crucial.

Objective: We aimed to assess if a mobile app named Malo can reduce delay in the recognition of NDD and PND.

Analysis of COVID-19 Transmission Sources in France by Self-Assessment Before and After the Partial Lockdown: Observational Study.

Background: We developed a questionnaire on a web application for analyzing COVID-19 contamination circumstances in France during the second wave of the pandemic.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the impact on contamination characteristics before and after the second partial lockdown in France to adapt public health restrictions to further prevent pandemic surges.

Methods: Between December 15 and 24, 2020, after a national media campaign, users of the sourcecovid.

A Self-Assessment Web-Based App to Assess Trends of the COVID-19 Pandemic in France: Observational Study.

Background: We developed a self-assessment and participatory web-based triage app to assess the trends of the COVID-19 pandemic in France in March 2020.

Objective: We compared daily large-scale RT-PCR test results to monitor recent reports of anosmia through a web-based app to assess the dynamics of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions among individuals with COVID-19 in France.

Methods: Between March 21 and November 18, 2020, users of the maladiecoronavirus.

Nanostructural Diversity of Synapses in the Mammalian Spinal Cord.

Functionally distinct synapses exhibit diverse and complex organisation at molecular and nanoscale levels. Synaptic diversity may be dependent on developmental stage, anatomical locus and the neural circuit within which synapses reside. Furthermore, astrocytes, which align with pre and post-synaptic structures to form 'tripartite synapses', can modulate neural circuits and impact on synaptic organisation.

Practice of stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) in drug-resistant epilepsy: Retrospective series with surgery and thermocoagulation outcomes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the success rate of sEEG in locating the epileptogenic zone (EZ) in patients with pharmaco-resistant epilepsy. Secondary objectives were to analyze sEEG-related morbidity and outcomes for post-sEEG thermocoagulation and cortical resection.

Methods: Data were collected on 49 sEEGs from 46 consecutive patients between 2010 and 2018.

Transmembrane Pressure and Recovery of Serum Proteins During Microfiltration of Skimmed Milk Subjected to Different Storage and Treatment Conditions.

Milk pre-processing steps-storage at 4 °C (with durations of 48, 72 or 96 h) and methods for microbiological stabilization of milk (1.4 μm microfiltration, thermization, thermization + bactofugation, pasteurization) are performed industrially before 0.1 µm-microfiltration (MF) of skimmed milk to ensure the microbiological quality of final fractions.

Acute loss of psychic self-activation after cardiac arrest and delayed bilateral pallidal lesions on brain MRI.

The delay between cardiac arrest and brain MRI is usually extremely different in the few cerebral imaging studies assessing the affected brain areas. We report an unusual case of loss of psychic self-activation appeared immediately after a cardiac arrest in a middle age patient. The first brain MRI, one month after the vascular event, did not show the classical lesions typically reported, such as lesion of the caudate nucleus or the globus pallidus.

White matter tracts lesions and decline of verbal fluency after deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

Decline of verbal fluency (VF) performance is one of the most systematically reported neuropsychological adverse effects after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS). It has been suggested that this worsening of VF may be related to a microlesion due to the electrode trajectories. We describe the disruption of surrounding white matter tracts following electrode implantation in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with STN-DBS and assess whether damage of fiber pathways is associated with VF impairment after surgery.

Novel high-throughput myofibroblast assays identify agonists with therapeutic potential in pulmonary fibrosis that act via EP2 and EP4 receptors.

Pathological features of pulmonary fibrosis include accumulation of myofibroblasts and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in lung tissue. Contractile α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-expressing myofibroblasts that produce and secrete ECM are key effector cells of the disease and therefore represent a viable target for potential novel anti-fibrotic treatments. We used primary normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF) in two novel high-throughput screening assays to discover molecules that inhibit or revert fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation.

Four Cases of Parkinson Disease Diagnosed During the Postpartum Period.

Background: There is little experience with the effect of pregnancy on Parkinson disease because the number of women with Parkinson disease who are of childbearing age is small. We report four cases beginning during the postpartum period and discuss the potential contribution of different factors that may influence the occurrence of Parkinson disease in this time period.

Cases: Four women aged 29-35 years developed arm tremor, shoulder pain, dizziness, or decreased dexterity of the hand in the first few days or months after childbirth.

Subjective Perceived Motor Improvement after Acute Levodopa Challenge in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Previous studies found a poor association between parkinsonian patient's reported subjective improvement after commencing dopaminergic treatment and improvements in objective measures of motor impairment by clinician.

Objective: To compare PD patient's subjective perceived motor improvement after acute levodopa challenge test with objective motor improvement assessed by the clinician using the UPDRS part III. To analyze clinical characteristics, i.

Drugs with potential cardiac adverse effects: Retrospective study in a large cohort of parkinsonian patients.

Introduction/objective: Drugs with potential cardiac adverse effects are commonly prescribed in Parkinson's disease (PD). To describe demographic and clinical characteristics in a group of PD patients with cardiac events and to evaluate risk factors.

Patients And Methods: We sampled 506 consecutive PD patients (211 women/295 men), median age 68.

Age Limits for Deep Brain Stimulation of Subthalamic Nuclei in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Clinical pre-operative predictive factors of optimal STN-DBS motor outcome in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been previously reported. However, available data involving elderly patients are conflicting.

Objective: To compare early post-operative outcomes in parkinsonian patients younger than 65 years old (group 1) vs patients 65 years old or older (group 2) at the time of surgery.

Decline in verbal fluency after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a microlesion effect of the electrode trajectory?

Background: Decline in verbal fluency (VF) is frequently reported after chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson disease (PD).

Objective: We investigated whether the trajectory of the implanted electrode correlate with the VF decline 6 months after surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 59 PD patients (mean age, 61.