CD226 adipose tissue macrophages arise from MDP-derived monocytes and regulate lipid metabolism.

Macrophages are innate immune cells present in all tissues, in which they participate in immune responses and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. They develop either from embryonic precursors or from circulating monocytes, and their functions are in part dictated by their origin. We previously observed robust monocyte recruitment and contribution to the macrophage pool in brown adipose tissue.

Association between lifestyle-related risk behaviors, chronic diseases, and body image distortion: gender differences in follow-up 1 of the ELSA-Brasil cohort.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of body image accuracy/distortion in Brazilian men and women and to investigate sociodemographic and lifestyle-related factors, and the presence of chronic diseases associated with body image distortion.

Methods: Data from 6,357 men and 7,657 women participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) were collected using a multidimensional questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, heath conditions and body image perception.

Results: Most participants (53.

Ethno-racial inequalities on adverse birth and neonatal outcomes: a nationwide, retrospective cohort study of 21 million Brazilian newborns.

Background: Ethno-racial inequalities are critical determinants of health outcomes. We quantified ethnic-racial inequalities on adverse birth outcomes and early neonatal mortality in Brazil.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study in Brazil using administrative linked data between 2012 and 2019.

Sex-specific impact of psychosocial stress on hematopoiesis and blood leukocytes.

Stress exposure has been shown to modulate innate and adaptive immune responses. Indeed, stress favors myelopoiesis and monocyte generation and contributes to cardiovascular disease development. As sex hormones regulate innate and adaptive immune responses, we decided to investigate whether stress exposure leads to a different immune response in female and male mice.

Do social protection programmes affect the burden of breast and cervical cancer? A systematic review.

Background: Socioeconomic conditions are strongly associated with breast and cervical cancer incidence and mortality patterns; therefore, social protection programmes (SPPs) might impact these cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SPPs on breast and cervical cancer outcomes and their risk/protective factors.

Methods: Five databases were searched for articles that assessed participation in PPS and the incidence, survival, mortality (primary outcomes), screening, staging at diagnosis and risk/protective factors (secondary outcomes) for these cancers.

Ethnoracial disparities in childhood growth trajectories in Brazil: a longitudinal nationwide study of four million children.

Background: The literature contains scarce data on inequalities in growth trajectories among children born to mothers of diverse ethnoracial background in the first 5 years of life.

Objective: We aimed to investigate child growth according to maternal ethnoracial group using a nationwide Brazilian database.

Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study employed linked data from the CIDACS Birth Cohort and the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN).

Perinatal health outcomes of international migrant women in Brazil: A nationwide data linkage study of the CIDACS birth cohort (2011-2018).

Background: We investigated perinatal outcomes among live births from international migrant and local-born mothers in a cohort of low-income individuals in Brazil.

Methods: We linked nationwide birth registries to mortality records and socioeconomic data from the CIDACS Birth Cohort and studied singleton live births of women aged 10-49 years from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2018. We used logistic regressions to investigate differences in antenatal care, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and neonatal (i.

Abortion and race in Brazil, National Abortion Surveys 2016 to 2021.

We examine racial differentials in abortion among women in Brazil using data from three editions of the Brazilian National Abortion Survey (PNA), 2016, 2019 and 2021. We test the difference in means in data from separate surveys, combined surveys without reweighting, and combined and reweighted surveys. We also use logistic models for the chance of having an abortion.

Maternal and congenital syphilis attributable to ethnoracial inequalities: a national record-linkage longitudinal study of 15 million births in Brazil.

Background: This study estimated ethnoracial inequalities in maternal and congenital syphilis in Brazil, understanding race as a relational category product of a sociopolitical construct that functions as an essential tool of racism and its manifestations.

Methods: We linked routinely collected data from Jan 1, 2012 to Dec 31, 2017 to conduct a population-based study in Brazil. We estimated the attributable fraction of race (skin colour) for the entire population and specific subgroups compared with White women using adjusted logistic regression.

Anti-Black racism and maternal death from COVID-19: what have we seen in the Pandemic?

Anti-Black Racism traverses the lives of Black and Brown women, compromising sexual and reproductive health. Obstetric racism during pregnancy, prenatal care, childbirth, abortion, and puerperium affects these women, exposing them to harmful and often lethal maternal outcomes. This study aims to present racism and its manifestations in maternal death by COVID-19.

The intersection of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status: inequalities in breast and cervical cancer mortality in 20,665,005 adult women from the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.

Objectives: There is limited evidence regarding the impact of race/racism and its intersection with socioeconomic status (SES) on breast and cervical cancer, the two most common female cancers globally. We investigated racial inequalities in breast and cervical cancer mortality and whether SES (education and household conditions) interacted with race/ethnicity.

Design: The 100 Million Brazilian Cohort data were linked to the Brazilian Mortality Database, 2004-2015 (n = 20,665,005 adult women).

Long-read sequencing and profiling of RNA-binding proteins reveals the pathogenic mechanism of aberrant splicing of an poison exon in epilepsy.

Pathogenic loss-of-function variants cause a spectrum of seizure disorders. We previously identified variants in individuals with -related epilepsy that fall in or near a poison exon (PE) in intron 20 (20N). We hypothesized these variants lead to increased PE inclusion, which introduces a premature stop codon, and, therefore, reduced abundance of the full-length transcript and Na 1.

Vitamin A Deficiency and Its Association with Visceral Adiposity in Women.

Body adiposity is associated with increased metabolic risk, and evidence indicates that vitamin A is important in regulating body fat. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum concentrations of vitamin A and its association with body adiposity in women with the recommended intake of vitamin A. A cross-sectional study was designed with 200 women divided into four groups according to Body Mass Index (BMI): normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), class I obesity (OI), and class 2 obesity (OII).

Mortality among over 6 million internal and international migrants in Brazil: a study using the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.

Background: To understand if migrants living in poverty in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) have mortality advantages over the non-migrant population, we investigated mortality risk patterns among internal and international migrants in Brazil over their life course.

Methods: We linked socio-economic and mortality data from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2018 in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort and calculated all-cause and cause-specific age-standardised mortality rates according to individuals' migration status for men and women. Using Cox regression models, we estimated the age- and sex-adjusted mortality hazard ratios (HR) for internal migrants (i.

Association of Conditional Cash Transfers With Maternal Mortality Using the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.

Importance: Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) have been consistently associated with improvements to the determinants of maternal health, but there have been insufficient investigations regarding their effects on maternal mortality.

Objective: To evaluate the association between being a Bolsa Família program (BFP) beneficiary and maternal mortality and to examine how this association differs by duration of BFP receipt, maternal race, living in rural or urban areas, the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), and municipal primary health care coverage.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional analysis was nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.

Early-life β-glucan exposure enhances disease resilience of broiler chickens to a natural Clostridium perfringens infection.

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important disease in poultry. Colonization by the opportunistic pathogen C. perfringens occurs early after hatch and induces host immune tolerance, which allows it to persist as part of the bird's commensal microflora.

Effects of a microbial muramidase on the growth performance, intestinal permeability, nutrient digestibility, and welfare of broiler chickens.

The objective of these studies was to evaluate the inclusion of a microbial muramidase (MUR) in the diets of broiler chickens on the growth performance, intestinal permeability (IP), total blood carotenoid content, apparent ileal digestibility (AID), and foot pad dermatitis (FPD). In Experiment 1, a total of 1,000 one-day-old chicks were placed in floor-pens with reused litter, and randomly distributed into 4 treatments with 10 replicates each. Treatments were a basal diet (control), or basal diet supplemented with 15,000; 25,000 or 35,000 LSU (F)/kg of MUR.

Ethnoracial inequalities and child mortality in Brazil: a nationwide longitudinal study of 19 million newborn babies.

Background: Racism is a social determinant of health inequities. In Brazil, racial injustices lead to poor outcomes in maternal and child health for Black and Indigenous populations, including greater risks of pregnancy-related complications; decreased access to antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care; and higher childhood mortality rates. In this study, we aimed to estimate inequalities in childhood mortality rates by maternal race and skin colour in a cohort of more than 19 million newborns in Brazil.

A Poultry Subclinical Necrotic Enteritis Disease Model Based on Natural Uptake.

Necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry is an opportunistic infection caused by . Well-known as a multifactorial disease, NE development is under the influence of a wide range of environmental risk factors that promote the proliferation of pathogenic at the expense of nonpathogenic strains. Current NE challenge models typically incorporate pre-exposure to disease risk factors, in combination with exogenous inoculation.

Healthy lifestyle behaviors and the periodicity of mammography screening in Brazilian women.

Introduction: Certain behaviors have been associated with health promotion, including mammography screening, in women worldwide.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between the periodicity of mammography screening and healthy lifestyle behaviors in Brazilian women employed at a public university in Bahia, Brazil.

Methods: A total of 635 women of 50-69 years of age at the time of the interview, from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health cohort who were resident in Bahia, participated in the study.

Intersection of Race and Gender in Self-Reports of Violent Experiences and Polyvictimization by Young Girls in Brazil.

Objective: To explore racial disparities in self-reports of violent victimization and polyvictimization among young girls in Brazil and to analyze the distribution of prevalence rates across race groups and the estimated odds of exposure.

Design: Data from girls ages 15 and above (N=14,809) from the 2015 edition of PeNSE (National Adolescent School-based Health Survey) were analyzed. Survey weighted proportions and bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to address the objectives.

Expression of genes and pathways associated with the B7-CD28 superfamily in response to irradiation of blood cells using Cs.

Purpose: DNA damage is one of the main consequences of exposure to ionizing irradiation (IR). Recent studies indicate that IR can modulate the expression of immune system-related genes. However, the effects of IR on the expression of genes and pathways of the B7-CD28 superfamily remain poorly defined.

Effects of putrescine injection in broiler breeder eggs.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of putrescine injected in ovo on hatchability, intestinal morphology and pre-starter performance of broilers. For this purpose, 720 eggs from broiler breeders were separated into a negative control (no injection) and injection treatments with increasing doses of putrescine (0.05; 0.