Microglia-like cells from patient monocytes demonstrate increased phagocytic activity in probable Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques, phosphorylated tau tangles and microglia toxicity, resulting in neuronal death and cognitive decline. Since microglia are recognized as one of the key players in the disease, it is crucial to understand how microglia operate in disease conditions and incorporate them into models. The studies on human microglia functions are thought to reflect the post-symptomatic stage of the disease.

Adrenal PEComa Treated by Surgical Resection and Postoperative Radiotherapy: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Perivascular epitheloid cell neoplasm (PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal tumor that is evaluated in the same tumor family as angiomyolipoma, sugar cell tumor of the lung, and lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Immunohistochemically, the disease can express melanocytic and myogenic markers, such as HMB45, HMSA1, MelanA/Mart1, and actin. The disease can be seen in almost every organ, especially the uterus and retroperitoneum.

Design and use of assistant robotic arm in endoscopic transnasal surgery.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a robotic system with autonomous functionality for holding and manipulating the endoscope in endoscopic endonasal surgery. A cost-effective prototype was created with the goal of using robotic assistance and achieving a more efficient learning curve for endoscopic surgery.

Methods: A Stewart platform-based endoscope holder and positioner robotic system, developed by the Mechatronics Engineering Department of Kocaeli University, was used in conjunction with 3D Slicer and Plus Toolkit open-source health technology software.

MycoTWIN Working Group Discussion: A Multi-Actor Perspective on Future Research Directions for Mycotoxins and Toxigenic Fungi Along the Food and Feed Chain.

Mycotoxin research is facing unprecedented challenges, starting from the urgent need to cope with the consequences of climate change, the global shortage of grain due to unstable political scenarios, and the major transformation of the supply chains after the COVID-19 pandemic. In this scenario, the mycotoxin contamination of human and animal foods is still unavoidable, thus representing a major challenge to global food security. Next to this, the shift to sustainable and circular food production might be accompanied by an increase in food safety issues involving mycotoxins, e.

The relationship between single leg balance and proprioception of the knee joint in individuals with non-specific chronic back pain.

Background: Proprioceptive information from the hips, knees, and ankles as well as joint coordination are important for maintaining and controlling balance. Regional receptors in the muscles, joints, skin, and tendons as well as proprioception in the knee joint provide the necessary joint activity and stability. Pain may occur with a decreased sense of balance and proprioception.

The journey of MEFV heterozygous children: with or without colchicine.

To investigate the rate of colchicine use in the longitudinal follow-up of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) carriers and identify variables that could predict the necessity of colchicine treatment in this group. The study was conducted in 9 pediatric rheumatology centers. The files of children with MEFV gene carriers were retrospectively reviewed between February 2014 and May 2024.

Cognitive performance, psychiatric comorbidities, and quality of life in pediatric patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a comparative analysis with healthy controls.

This study aimed to assess the extent of cognitive impairment in children and adolescents with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). While cognitive deficits are recognized in other systemic rheumatic diseases, exploration within the pediatric JIA population remains limited. The investigation utilized a comprehensive approach to examine neuropsychological test performance.

EEG biomarkers in Alzheimer's and prodromal Alzheimer's: a comprehensive analysis of spectral and connectivity features.

Background: Biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, or prodromal AD) are highly significant for early diagnosis, clinical trials and treatment outcome evaluations. Electroencephalography (EEG), being noninvasive and easily accessible, has recently been the center of focus. However, a comprehensive understanding of EEG in dementia is still needed.

Evaluation of bladder capacity in pediatric patients with nocturnal enuresis using voiding diary and uroflowmetry: A retrospective study.

Objective: This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Turkiye, it was aimed to evaluate the results of kidney and bladder ultrasonography, uroflowmetric study and volume frequency chart in children diagnosed with bedwetting at night.

Methods: This study focused on patients aged 5-17 years who were treated for nocturnal enuresis in the single-center pediatric urology clinic of a tertiary hospital between 2017-2021. Patients' comorbidities, surgical history, urinary ultrasonography findings, uroflowmetry examination results, and two-day voiding diary were requested.

Understanding Career Adapt Abilities, Career Stress, Work Stress, Career Regret, Job Satisfaction Among Nursing Professionals.

Aim: This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the interrelationships among career stress, work stress, career regret, job satisfaction and career adapt abilities within the nursing profession.

Design: The research involved a sample of 576 nurses from ten urban hospitals, distributed across five distinct cities in Turkiye, between December 2023 and January 2024. The study employed regression models to systematically test hypotheses, providing nuanced insights into the complex dynamics of the variables under investigation.

Can volumetric magnetic resonance imaging evaluations be helpful in the follow-up of cognitive functions in cognitively normal Parkinson's disease patients?

Background/aim: In this study, besides the evaluation of gray and white matter changes in cognitively normal Parkinson's disease (PD-CN) patients with volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters, it was tried to show that some neuropsychological tests may be impaired in PD-CN patients.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-six PD-CN patients and 26 healthy elderly (HC) participants were included in the current study. Global cognitive status was assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and the Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA).

Microenvironment T-Type calcium channels regulate neuronal and glial processes to promote glioblastoma growth.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of microenvironment and intrinsic T-type calcium channels (Cav3) in regulating tumor growth and progression.

Methods: We grafted syngeneic GBM cells into Cav3.

Parallel electrophysiological abnormalities due to COVID-19 infection and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia.

Many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive individuals exhibit abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity reflecting "brain fog" and mild cognitive impairments even months after the acute phase of infection. Resting-state EEG abnormalities include EEG slowing (reduced alpha rhythm; increased slow waves) and epileptiform activity. An expert panel conducted a systematic review to present compelling evidence that cognitive deficits due to COVID-19 and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) are driven by overlapping pathologies and neurophysiological abnormalities.

Brain clocks capture diversity and disparities in aging and dementia across geographically diverse populations.

Brain clocks, which quantify discrepancies between brain age and chronological age, hold promise for understanding brain health and disease. However, the impact of diversity (including geographical, socioeconomic, sociodemographic, sex and neurodegeneration) on the brain-age gap is unknown. We analyzed datasets from 5,306 participants across 15 countries (7 Latin American and Caribbean countries (LAC) and 8 non-LAC countries).

An integrated and flexible ultrasonic device for continuous bladder volume monitoring.

Bladder volume measurement is critical for early detection and management of lower urinary tract dysfunctions. Current gold standard is invasive, and alternative technologies either require trained personnel or do not offer medical grade information. Here, we report an integrated wearable ultrasonic bladder volume monitoring device for accurate and autonomous continuous monitoring of the bladder volume.

How do gene mutation diversity and disease severity scoring affect physical capacity and quality of life in children/adolescents with Familial Mediterranean Fever?

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine how gene mutation diversity and disease severity affect physical capacity and quality of life in children/adolescents with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF).

Methods: Eighty children/adolescents (42 female, 38 male) diagnosed with FMF according to Tell-Hashomer diagnostic criteria were included in this study. Disease severity score (PRAS), running speed and agility and strength subtests of Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Second Edition Short Form (BOT-2 SF), Physical Activity Questionnaire, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.

Analysis of Various Laparoscopic Pediatric Urology Surgeries: Five-Year Experience of a Single Institution.

Background In this study, we aim to report our single-center experience with laparoscopic pediatric urological surgeries. We aim to determine the feasibility of various urological and urogenital laparoscopic procedures and the tricks that increase surgical success. Methodology Data from 98 patients who underwent laparoscopic urological and/or urogenital procedures for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in our clinic between June 2018 and February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.