Neurodevelopmental impairment in children with Robin sequence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To estimate the global prevalence of neurodevelopmental impairment in children with Robin sequence (RS) at one year or more of age.

Study Design: Electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, Emcare, MedNAR and Cochrane library were searched systematically from inception to 31st May 2024. Studies reporting on the neurodevelopmental (global, cognitive, or motor) outcomes in children with RS were included.

C3 glomerulopathy: a kidney disease mediated by alternative pathway deregulation.

C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is an ultra-rare complement-mediated kidney disease caused by to the deregulation of the alternative pathway (AP) of proximal complement. Consequently, all effector loops of the complement are active and can lead to pathologies, such as C3a- and C5a-mediated inflammation, C3b opsonization, surface C3b-mediated AP C3 convertase assembly, C3 cleavage product deposition in the glomerulus, and lytic C5b-9/MAC cell damage. The most common pathologic mechanisms are defective chronic alternative pathway deregulation, mostly occurring in the plasma, often causing C3 consumption, and chronic complement-mediated glomerular damage.

Microplastics pollution in the marine environment: A review of sources, impacts and mitigation.

Over the past few years, microplastics (MPs) pollution in the marine environment has emerged as a significant environmental concern. Poor management practices lead to millions of tons of plastic waste entering oceans annually, primarily from land-based sources like mismanaged waste, urban runoff, and industrial activities. MPs pollution in marine environments poses a significant threat to ecosystems and human health, as it adsorbs pollutants, heavy metals, and leaches additives such as plasticizers and flame retardants, thus contributing to chemical pollution.

Comparative Evaluation of Pain Perception with Conventional and Septoject XL Needle in 6-8-year-old Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aims And Background: To evaluate and compare pain perception with Septoject XL and conventional needles in 6-8 years old children.

Materials And Methods: In this split-mouth randomized controlled trial, a single-blinded study, 24 children (6-8 years) were assigned at random to receive the local anesthetic (LA) injection for treatment needs either with Septoject XL or conventional needle for the first visit in one of the quadrants, while during the second visit in a different quadrant with the other one. Children's pain levels were assessed during each visit using an objective sound eye motor (SEM) scale and subjective Wong-Baker faces rating scale (FRS).

Advancements in unravelling the fundamental function of the ATAD3 protein in multicellular organisms.

ATPase family AAA domain containing protein 3, commonly known as ATAD3 is a versatile mitochondrial protein that is involved in a large number of pathways. ATAD3 is a transmembrane protein that spans both the inner mitochondrial membrane and outer mitochondrial membrane. It, therefore, functions as a connecting link between the mitochondrial lumen and endoplasmic reticulum facilitating their cross-talk.

Chronic nonspecific multiple-sites pain [CNMSP] of unknown etiology: Biopsychosocial method of evaluation for the primary care level.

Background: Understanding and dealing with chronic nonspecific pain (CNP) is the important entity at primary care hospital. Chronic nonspecific multiple-site pain [CNMSP] of unknown etiology creates diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for primary care physicians due to lack of guidance regarding evaluation and treatment.

Aims And Objectives: To classify and formulate the evaluation, treatment strategies, and prediction of prognosis of patients with CNMSP of unknown etiology.

Molecular clues unveiling spinocerebellar ataxia type-12 pathogenesis.

Spinocerebellar Ataxia type-12 (SCA12) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by tandem CAG repeat expansion in the 5'-UTR/non-coding region of . Molecular pathology of SCA12 has not been studied in the context of CAG repeats, and no appropriate models exist. We found in human SCA12-iPSC-derived neuronal lineage that expanded CAG in transcript forms nuclear RNA foci and were found to sequester variety of proteins.

Endogenous defense mechanism-based neuroprotection in large-vessel acute ischemic stroke: A hope for future.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and a leading cause of disability. None of the neuroprotective agents have been approved internationally except edaravone in Japanese guidelines in acute ischemic stroke. We here discuss that there are two types of endogenous defense mechanisms (EDMs) after acute stroke for neuromodulation and neuroregeneration, and if both can be activated simultaneously, then we can have better recovery in stroke.

Primary pleural serous carcinoma of mullerian origin-Report of a rare case.

Mullerian tumor arising from pleura is a rare occurrence and under-reported in medical literature. We hereby present such a case in a 47 years old female who presented with pleural effusion. Pleural biopsy revealed a papillary tumor with mild-to-moderate nuclear atypia.

Decoding the Conundrum: Navigating Intra-operatively Encountered Suspicious Gallbladder Wall Thickening with Laparoscopic Transhepatic Needle Decompression and Beyond Cystic Plate Cholecystectomy.

Background: Suspicious gallbladder wall thickening encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy poses challenges in its management. This study aims to address this problem by proposing a technique that involves laparoscopic transhepatic needle decompression and modified cystic plate cholecystectomy.

Methods: In this report, we describe the case of a 36-year-old female with symptomatic gallstone disease and ultrasound findings of a well-distended gallbladder with a uniform wall thickness.

Bisphenol A contamination in aquatic environments: a review of sources, environmental concerns, and microbial remediation.

The production of polycarbonate, a high-performance transparent plastic, employs bisphenol A, which is a prominent endocrine-disrupting compound. Polycarbonates are frequently used in the manufacturing of food, bottles, storage containers for newborns, and beverage packaging materials. Global production of BPA in 2022 was estimated to be in the region of 10 million tonnes.

The Importance of Early Diagnosis of Somatic Symptom Disorder: A Case Report.

A somatic symptom disorder (SSD) diagnosis is made when a person places emphasis on physical symptoms such as pain, exhaustion, or shortness of breath so much that it causes significant suffering and/or functional issues. The individual's thoughts, sentiments, and activities are an overstated reaction to such symptoms. Regardless of whether the physical symptoms are connected to a diagnosable medical condition, the person experiences symptoms and believes they are ill.

Deeper Pathways for Recruitment Efforts: Identifying Opportunities for Undergraduate and Medical Student Involvement in Infectious Diseases.

Background: Only 74% of infectious diseases (ID) training positions were filled in the 2022 fellowship match, indicating a need to find increasingly novel and creative solutions for ID recruitment and outreach.

Methods: The websites of 2321 universities and 181 medical schools across the United States were manually searched for the presence of undergraduate clubs and interest groups, respectively, for multiple medical specialties and subspecialties, including ID. Geographic data were used to compare the proximity of ID fellowships to undergraduate institutions.

Unmasking the Uncommon: A Case Report of Scrotal Epidermoid Cysts in a Nine-Year-Old Boy.

Scrotal epidermoid cysts are rare. Intratesticular epidermoid cysts are more common than extra scrotal cysts and are the most commonest benign tumors of the testicles. Midline scrotal raphe cysts are reported, but only a few have intrapelvic extensions deep into the pelvis.

Functional annotation of uncharacterized proteins from Fusobacterium nucleatum: identification of virulence factors.

Fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative bacteria associated with diverse infections like appendicitis and colorectal cancer. It mainly attacks the epithelial cells in the oral cavity and throat of the infected individual. It has a single circular genome of 2.