New concepts in organ transplantation.

Over the past several decades, many factors have led to higher rates of patient and graft survival in organ transplantation. These factors include enhanced immunosuppressants available in recent years such as Neoral, Prograf, sirolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and anti-interleukin-2 receptor monoclonal antibodies. In addition, other new drugs, such as FTY 720, FK 778, anti-CD20, anti-CD40, and anti-CH52 monoclonal antibodies, are now being tested in clinical studies.

The co-existence of Fabry and celiac diseases: a case report.

We present a patient with Fabry disease with remarkable diagnostic findings and gluten-sensitive enteropathy. An 11-year-old girl was admitted to hospital with weight loss, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, flank pain, acroparesthesia, and painful extremities. Her mother had end-stage renal failure secondary to Fabry disease.

The impact of cyclosporine on the development of immunosuppressive therapy.

The first immunosuppressive regimens based on glucocorticoids and azathioprine were introduced in the early 1960s. However, many patients developed acute rejection, which required treatment with high doses of prednisolone. Leading to a high mortality due to opportunistic infection.

Factors leading to hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Hydrocephalus is not a rare complication following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Hydrocephalus following subarachnoid hemorrhage can progress acutely (0-3 days), subacutely (4-13 days) or chronically (after 13 days). The predisposing factors leading to hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage are not known exactly.

Expression of bcl-2 gene family during resection induced liver regeneration: comparison between hepatectomized and sham groups.

Aim: During liver regeneration cellular proliferation and apoptosis result in tissue remodeling to restore normal hepatic mass and structure. Main regulators of the apoptotic machinery are the Bcl-2 family proteins but their roles are not well defined throughout the liver regeneration. We aimed to analyze the expression levels of bcl-2 gene family members during resection induced liver regeneration.

Gastric emptying time in renal transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine.

Gastric emptying time (GET) appears to be a rate-limiting factor in the absorption of cyclosporine-A (CsA) and may be responsible for intra- and interpatient variability of CsA bioavailability. Few studies have assessed gastric motility after renal transplantation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate gastric emptying of semi-solid material in stable renal transplant patients with reference to blood CsA levels.

Triple immunosuppression with or without basiliximab in pediatric renal transplantation: acute rejection rates at one year.

Acute rejection (AR) is a major determinant of chronic allograft dysfunction and graft survival. This study evaluated the effect of basiliximab on AR in pediatric renal transplantation on triple immunosuppression. Forty-three transplantations (25 males and 18 females; mean age 14.

The use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a neutropenic renal transplant recipient.

Leukopenia occurring after kidney transplantation is a very dangerous condition. It may increase the risk of severe infections which might lead to septicemia or may result in graft loss because the dose of immunosuppressants must be reduced, so it must be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible. The use of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in renal transplant recipients is a new therapeutic approach.

Inhibitory effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on contractions of isolated gravid rat myometrium under oxytocin stimulation.

Background: We studied the inhibitory effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on oxytocin-induced contractions of isolated gravid rat myometrium.

Methods: Twenty strips were obtained from rats and these were randomly assigned into two groups. The effects of desflurane and sevoflurane were evaluated by treating strips with oxytocin alone 2x10-9 M or with oxytocin after desflurane and sevoflurane at 0.

Clinical approach to graft hepatic artery thrombosis following living related liver transplantation.

Hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) has an occurrence rate of 1.7-26% following living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and is one of the most common reasons for graft loss and mortality in this population. There is a higher incidence of HAT in pediatric recipients.

Positive effect of low molecular weight dextrans on the early graft function.

This study evaluates the effect of the low molecular weight dextrans as a perfusion solution on early graft function of twenty living donor kidneys. Ten kidneys were perfused with +4 degrees C Ringer lactate after nephrectomy while other ten with +4 degrees C Ringer lactate + 10% Dextran. Immediate and delayed kidney function, blood creatinine, postoperative hemodialysis requirement, Doppler US and renal scintigraphy, third month graft survival and number of removed grafts were examined postoperatively as well as kidney biopsies.

Extrathoracic airway responsiveness in children with asthma-like symptoms, including chronic persistent cough.

Asthma-like symptoms, including chronic persistent cough, are not always specific for classical asthma. In order to investigate whether assessment of extrathoracic airway hyperresponsiveness (EAHR) during methacholine bronchial challenge helped in the evaluation of pediatric patients with asthma-like symptoms such as chronic cough, we examined 133 consecutive, unselected patients (mean age, 10.06 +/- 2.

A novel minimally invasive technique for insertion of peritoneal dialysis catheter.

The placement of a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) catheter by conventional open surgical or trocar technique may cause a number of complications such as infection, hemorrhage, leakage, incisional hernia, and visceral organ perforation. Most complications are related to open surgery or insertion of the catheter with the guidewire without direct visualization. Insertion of the catheter laparoscopically under direct visualization has been previously described.

Changes in bone mineral density, insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in kidney transplant recipients. A longitudinal study.

Background: Osteopenia is a major complication of renal transplantation (RTx). This cross-sectional and longitudinal study was planned to better define long-term bone status and relationship to IGF system components.

Methods: Serial measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) and serum markers were performed in 30 patients prior to RTx and at 6 and 12 months following RTx.

Transient neonatal hypoglycemia--long-term effects on neurodevelopmental outcome.

Objective: To investigate the frequency, etiology and consequences of neonatal hypoglycemia.

Study Design: Ninety-four infants admitted to Gazi University Hospital neonatal intensive care unit for hypoglycemia (blood glucose <2.2 mmol/l 140 mg/dl]) over the past 5 years were identified and investigated with regard to cause, duration of treatment and neurological outcome.

Caffeine intoxication in a premature neonate.

Caffeine, which has a wide range between therapeutic and toxic levels, is a widely used medication for prevention and treatment of apnoea of prematurity. Despite its safety, caffeine overdose and intoxication has been previously reported in the literature. We present a 30-day-old 28-week preterm newborn who was exposed to 300 mg.

Laser therapy in chronic cervicitis.

Chronic cervicitis is one of the common disorders encountered in daily practice. To overcome this problem first step should be antibiotic therapy in acute phase. If this fails, the infection becomes chronic and may spread to internal genital organs leading to pelvic inflammatory disease and eventually to infertility.

Prognostic significance of young age in breast cancer.

Background: Breast carcinoma is relatively uncommon in younger women and whether or not young age at diagnosis is an adverse prognostic factor in this disease has been controversial. Our aim in this report is to determine whether the histopathologic features and outcome in young and old are different, and whether age is a prognostic factor for relapse.

Methods: A retrospective study of consecutive 281 stage I or II breast carcinoma patients who had modified radical mastectomy was carried out.

The effect of doramectin, moxidectin and netobimin against natural infections of Syphacia muris in rats.

In this study, the effect of doramectin, moxidectin and netobimin was investigated in naturally infected Syphacia muris in rats. The natural infection was determined by the use of cellophane tape method on the perianal region and by the technique of centrifugal flotation of feces. The infected rats were divided into three treated and one control group (N = 10).

A stormy transplant case with happy ending.

A 12-year-old female patient with end-stage renal failure whose primary disease was reflux nephropathy, was first admitted for augmentation cystoplasty by using an ileum segment because of contracted urinary bladder. Four months later, she had a renal transplantation from her father on March 28th 1997. The first three days after the operation were uneventful.

Renal artery reconstruction in transplant kidney. Case report.

A 30 years old female patient, to whom a cadaveric kidney transplantation was performed 7 years earlier, presented severe hypertension attacks for 2 years. Renal artery stenosis diagnosed by angiography, PTA could not be performed. She underwent an operation for surgical correction of stenosis and successful internal iliac renal artery anastomosis performed by saphenous vein interposition.