Comparative analysis of PECS-2 and ESP for acute and chronic pain control in breast-conserving surgery. A prospective study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Pectoral Nerve Block 2 (PECS-2) and Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESP), which are accepted to have an effect on post-operative pain control after breast cancer surgery, on both acute and chronic pain.

Method: In this double-blind, prospective, randomized study, patients were randomized using a sealed envelope method into two groups: those who underwent PECS-2 (Group P) and those who underwent ESP (Group E) before extubation at the end of the operation. The numerical rating scale (NRS) of patients was queried by a blinded researcher at post-operative 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h.

Effects of Cerium Oxide on Kidney and Liver Tissue Damage in an Experimental Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Model of Distant Organ Damage.

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a process in which impaired perfusion is restored by restoring blood flow and tissue recirculation. Nanomedicine uses cutting-edge technologies that emerge from interdisciplinary influences. In the literature, there are very few in vivo and in vitro studies on how cerium oxide (CeO) affects systemic anti-inflammatory response and inflammation.

First record of the genus Haritalodes Warren, 1890 and H. derogata (Fabricius, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Spilomelinae) from Türkiye and its morphological and molecular identification.

The genus Haritalodes Warren, 1890 is represented by 12 species worldwide except in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. Haritalodes derogata (Fabricius, 1775), commonly known as the cotton leaf roller moth, is the most widely distributed species of the genus and is common in the West Palaearctic Region. This species is one of the most serious pests of Malvaceae.

The Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Infections in Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Causative Microorganisms and Mortality.

Aim: This study aims to analyze the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) retrospectively and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) infections, characteristics of patients with these infections, causative microorganisms, and mortality rates in a tertiary respiratory intensive care unit (ICU).

Material And Method: Between 01.01.

Enhanced tumor control and survival in preclinical models with adoptive cell therapy preceded by low-dose radiotherapy.

Introduction: Effective infiltration of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells into solid tumors is critical for achieving a robust antitumor response and improving therapeutic outcomes. While CAR-T cell therapies have succeeded in hematologic malignancies, their efficacy in solid tumors remains limited due to poor tumor penetration and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) administered before T-cell therapy to enhance the antitumor effect by promoting CAR-T cell infiltration.

Comparative efficacy of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block versus wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia in instrumented lumbar spinal surgeries.

Objective: This study compared the efficacy of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and wound infiltration (WI) for postoperative analgesia in patients who underwent lumbar spinal surgery with instrumentation.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 80 patients were divided into two groups: ESPB (n = 40) and WI (n = 40). Postoperative pain intensity was assessed via the visual analog scale (VAS) at multiple time points within 24 h.

Niclosamide attenuates erectile dysfunction and corporal fibrosis via reversal of Smad signaling in diabetic rat model.

Background: Diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) is a common urological complication of diabetes, and current drugs often fail to provide an effective treatment. Smad2/3 signaling-mediated corporal fibrosis has a critical role in the molecular basis of DMED.

Aim: We investigated the effect of Niclosamide (Nic), an antihelmintic drug with antifibrotic effects, on erectile function in a rat DMED model.

Evaluation of the Effect of Different Inhalation Agents on Ovaries with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: An Experimental Study.

: Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug that is frequently used with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Cisplatin-induced gonadotoxicity leads to a depletion of the ovarian reserve, causing premature ovarian insufficiency. This study aimed to investigate the impact of hyperthermia on cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity and to determine whether sevoflurane or desflurane could be a more appropriate choice of anesthetic for reducing ovarian toxicity in HIPEC procedures.

The Systemic Inflammation Response Index Efficiently Discriminates between the Failure Patterns of Patients with Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Wild-Type Glioblastoma Following Radiochemotherapy with FLAIR-Based Gross Tumor Volume Delineation.

Background/objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the connection between the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) values and failure patterns of patients with IDH wild-type glioblastoma (GB) who underwent radiotherapy (RT) with FLAIR-based gross tumor volume (GTV) delineation.

Methods: Seventy-one patients who received RT at a dose of 60 Gy to the GTV and 50 Gy to the clinical target volume (CTV) and had documented recurrence were retrospectively analyzed. Each patient's maximum distance of recurrence (MDR) from the GTV was documented in whichever plane it extended the farthest.

Design of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) and poly(ethylene glycol) microneedle arrays for delivering glycosaminoglycan, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder characterized by cartilage and bone degradation. Medical therapies like glucosaminoglycan (GAG), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and hyaluronic acid (HA) aim to preserve joint function and reduce inflammation but may cause side effects when administered orally or injection. Microneedle arrays (MNAs) offer a localized drug delivery method that reduces side effects.

Novel engineered IL-2 Nemvaleukin alfa combined with PD1 checkpoint blockade enhances the systemic anti-tumor responses of radiation therapy.

Background: Combining interleukin-2 (IL-2) with radiotherapy (RT) and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has emerged as a promising approach to address ICB resistance. However, conventional IL-2 cytokine therapy faces constraints owing to its brief half-life and adverse effects. RDB 1462, the mouse ortholog of Nemvaleukin alfa, is an engineered IL-2 with an intermediate affinity that selectively stimulates antitumor CD8 T and NK cells while limiting regulatory T cell expansion.

How Effective Is Radiotherapy in the Ultrasonographic Structural Characteristics of the Submandibular Glands?

Radiotherapy affects salivary glands more intensely than it does other organs, and salivary gland dysfunction can continue during or after treatment. The aim of this study was to examine structural alterations in submandibular glands through ultrasonography following head-neck radiotherapy in patients and to evaluate the impact of radiation dose on these modifications. Forty-six submandibular glands were assessed ultrasonographically for the changes in echogenicity, echotexture, and margin and the influence of the radiation dose on these changes before radiotherapy at 3 time points: the second and sixth months following starting treatment.

Safety and efficiency of Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell administration in patients with traumatic brain injury: First results of a phase I study.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by a disruption in the normal function of the brain due to an injury following a trauma, which can potentially cause severe physical, cognitive, and emotional impairment. Stem cell transplantation has evolved as a novel treatment modality in the management of TBI, as it has the potential to arrest the degeneration and promote regeneration of new cells in the brain. Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) have recently shown beneficial effects in the functional recovery of neurological deficits.

Dexmedetomidine's Effects on the Livers and Kidneys of Rats with Pancreatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Objective: Pancreatic surgeries inherently cause ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, affecting not only the pancreas but also distant organs. This study was conducted to explore the potential use of dexmedetomidine, a sedative with antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, in mitigating the impacts of pancreatic IR on kidney and liver tissues.

Methods: A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (C), dexmedetomidine (D), ischemia reperfusion (IR), and dexmedetomidine ischemia reperfusion (D-IR).

Evaluation of the effect of enriched hydrogen saline solution on distant organ (lung) damage in skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion in rats.

Introduction: Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a major concern that frequently occurs during vascular surgeries. Hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) solution exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to examine the effects of HRS applied before ischemia in the lungs of rats using a lower extremity IR model.

The Effect of "Proanthocyanidin" on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscles of Rats.

: Lower limb skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and it is common in several clinical situations such as aortic aneurysms repairment, peripheral arterial surgery, vascular injury repairment, and shock. Although it is generally accepted that oxidative stress mediators have a significant role in IR injury, its precise mechanism is still unknown. Anecdotally, it is sustained not only by structural and functional changes in the organ it affects but also by damage to distant organs.

Glycosylated nanoplatforms: From glycosylation strategies to implications and opportunities for cancer theranostics.

Glycosylated nanoplatforms have emerged as promising tools in the field of cancer theranostics, integrating both therapeutic and diagnostic functionalities. These nanoscale platforms are composed of different materials such as lipids, polymers, carbons, and metals that can be modified with glycosyl moieties to enhance their targeting capabilities towards cancer cells. This review provides an overview of different modification strategies employed to introduce glycosylation onto nanoplatforms, including chemical conjugation, enzymatic methods, and bio-orthogonal reactions.

Arbutin abrogates cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity via upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 and suppressing genotoxicity, NF-κB/iNOS/TNF-α and caspase-3/Bax/Bcl2 signaling pathways in rats.

Background: Cisplatin is a potent anticancer agent widely employed in chemotherapy. However, cisplatin leads to toxicity on non-targeted healthy organs, including the liver. We investigated the hepatoprotective mechanism of arbutin (ARB), a glycosylated hydroquinone, against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity.

Application of 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D bioprinting in cancer research: what does the future look like?

The application of three- and four-dimensional (3D/4D) printing in cancer research represents a significant advancement in understanding and addressing the complexities of cancer biology. 3D/4D materials provide more physiologically relevant environments compared to traditional two-dimensional models, allowing for a more accurate representation of the tumor microenvironment that enables researchers to study tumor progression, drug responses, and interactions with surrounding tissues under conditions similar to conditions. The dynamic nature of 4D materials introduces the element of time, allowing for the observation of temporal changes in cancer behavior and response to therapeutic interventions.

Assessment of Stiffness-Dependent Autophagosome Formation and Apoptosis in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Tumor Cells.

Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) eventually causes the stiffening of tumors and changes to the microenvironment. The stiffening alters the biological processes in cancer cells due to altered signaling through cell surface receptors. Autophagy, a key catabolic process in normal and cancer cells, is thought to be involved in mechano-transduction and the level of autophagy is probably stiffness-dependent.

Leaf gene expression trajectories during the growing season are consistent between sites and years in American beech.

Transcriptomics provides a versatile tool for ecological monitoring. Here, through genome-guided profiling of transcripts mapping to 33 042 gene models, expression differences can be discerned among multi-year and seasonal leaf samples collected from American beech trees at two latitudinally separated sites. Despite a bottleneck due to post-Columbian deforestation, the single nucleotide polymorphism-based population genetic background analysis has yielded sufficient variation to account for differences between populations and among individuals.