99mTc-CD19 monoclonal antibody is not useful for imaging of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

In this study we investigated the applicability of 99mTc-labeled CD19 monoclonal antibody (mAb) for tumor imaging in patients with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A 1-mg sample of murine CD19 mAb was labeled with approximately 550 MBq [99mTc]pertechnetate. The labeled mAb was administered i.

Contribution of phagocytic cells and bacteria to the accumulation of technetium-99m labelled polyclonal human immunoglobulin at sites of inflammation.

The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of phagocytic cells and bacteria to the accumulation of technetium-99m labelled polyclonal human immunoglobulin (HIG) at sites of inflammation. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with Staphylococcus aureus (SA animals), with heat-inactivated newborn calf serum (NBCS, to mimic a non-bacterial inflammation) or with physiological saline (controls); 1 h thereafter they received HIG. At various intervals after the administration of HIG the mice were killed, and the percentages of radioactivity in the peritoneal effluent and attached to the cellular and bacterial fraction thereof were established.

A new 99mTc labelling method for leucocytes: in vitro and in vivo comparison with 99mTc-HMPAO.

A new method for the labelling of mixed leucocytes with 99mTc-tropolone was optimized and compared with a 99mTc-HMPAO leucocyte labelling procedure in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, leucocytes obtained from patients suffering from Crohn's disease, were isolated and labelled with 99mTc-HMPAO or labelled according the new 99mTc-tropolone procedure using 9.8 mM tropolone, 1 microM stannous chloride and 0.

Optimized localization of bacterial infections with technetium-99m labelled human immunoglobulin after protein charge selection.

To improve the scintigraphic detection of bacterial infections a protein charge-purified fraction of polyclonal human immunoglobulin was applied as a radiopharmaceutical. This purification was achieved by attaching the immunoglobulin to an anion-exchanger column and by obtaining the column-bound fraction with buffer. The binding to bacteria in vitro and the target to non-target ratios of an experimental thigh infection with Staphylococcus aureus or Klebsiella pneumoniae in mice were evaluated to compare the purified and the unpurified immunoglobulin.

Detection of a local staphylococcal infection in mice with technetium-99m-labeled polyclonal human immunoglobulin.

The purpose of this study was to investigate both the ability of 99mTc-labeled polyclonal human immunoglobulin (HIG) to localize an infection and the modes of action involved in this process. Mice, infected with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 in a thigh muscle, received HIG intravenously. Scintigrams were made 1, 4, and 24 hr later; subsequently the mice were killed and the activity in several organs and thighs was determined.

Detection of inflammatory lesions with radiolabelled immunoglobulins.

Previous reports on the use of radiolabelled immunoglobulins led us to undertake a pilot experiment in an animal model to investigate the potentials of Tc 99m-immunoglobulin scintigraphy in the detection of infectious foci. Mice infected in one leg with staphylococcus infection were injected with Tc 99m-immunoglobulin, Tc 99m-albumin or gallium citrate Ga 67. The results obtained by scintigraphy suggested a specific accumulation of radiolabelled immunoglobulin at the site of infection.

Clumping of labeled leukocyte suspension. A simple measure for avoiding it.

Leukocytes in "mixed" suspensions can clump together, resulting in cell clusters which are responsible for false positive hot spots in lungs of patients, in the case of abscess localization studies using 111In labeled leukocytes. Addition of extra ACD (acid-citrate-dextrose) in those labeled leukocyte suspensions prevented cell clumping and avoided occurrence of focal radioactivity accumulation in lungs. The acidification did not interfere in leukocyte migration under agar.

Comparison of several indium-111 ligands in labeling blood cells: effect of diethylpyrocarbonate and CO2.

The effect of oxine sulfate, oxine sulfonate, tropolone, and Merc (2 mercaptopyridine-1-oxide) were compared with oxine, with respect to their capability of labeling blood cells when complexed to indium-111 (111In). Indium-111 oxine sulfate performed similarly to [111In]oxine with regard to cell labeling capability. Indium-111 oxine sulfonate had no labeling ability.

111In-tropolonate labelled platelets; studies in normals and in patients with thrombocytopenia.

Human platelets were labelled with aqueous 111In-tropolonate in comparison with 111In-oxinate. In normals the labelling efficiency with 111In-tropolonate was higher (93% +/- 2%) than with 111In-oxinate (67% +/- 8%) (P less than 0.05).

A motility test of leukocytes under agar.

A migration test under agar for leukocytes was developed. Leukocytes moved quite a distance under anaerobic Blood Agar Base (blood agar), a Gibco product. Migration on stained and coloured plates was visualized by projection with a profile projector, making the use of a light microscope superfluous.

Specific localization of In-111-labeled monoclonal antibody versus 67-Ga-labeled immunoglobulin in mice bearing human breast carcinoma xenografts.

A murine monoclonal antibody reacting with more than 95% of all breast cancers was radiolabeled with In-111 and injected IP into nude mice bearing human breast carcinoma xenografts, together with Ga-67-labeled normal mouse immunoglobulin. Images were produced with a gamma camera in dual isotope mode. Tumors could be localized clearly with In-111-labeled specific monoclonal antibody, but improved visualization was obtained after computer-assisted subtraction of the image with Ga-67-labeled nonspecific immunoglobulin.

Comparison of indium-111 oxinate labelled autologous granulocytes with indium-111 oxinate and indium-111 chloride as abscess scanning agents. An experimental study in an animal model.

Bacterial abscesses were evoked in goats. Imaging of these abscesses was obtained by means of labelling autologous granulocytes with 111In oxinate, reinjection of the cells into the animal, and scintigraphy by gamma camera one day later. Comparable imaging results, however, were obtained after intravenous injection of 111In oxinate or of 111In chloride.

Procedure for a normalised thyroxine determination in small sephadex columns.

A rapid simple test for measuring normalised serum thyroxine is described in detail, using small Sephadex columns. A small portion of test serum is reintroduced into the test system at the competitive binding stage, so that corrected T4 values are obtained when the concentrations of thyroxine binding globulin are variable. Only 125 microliter serum is required for the whole test.

Radioimmunoassay for normalized thyroxine with use of Sephadex columns.

We describe a reproducible radioimmunoassay, with use of Sephadex columns, for measuring normalized thyroxine. In comparison with a competitive protein-binding procedure, the present method is more specific because antibody rather than thyroxine-binding globulin is responsible for the competition between endogeneous and tracer thyroxine. In barbital buffer, various concentrations of thyroxine binding pre-albumin and albumin had no influence on the results.

A radioimmunoassay for thyroxine on Sephadex columns. Investigations on the influence of some buffers on the binding of thyroxine to serum proteins.

A thyroxine radioimmunoassay procedure (T4RIA) based on incubation and separation on Sephadex columns is presented. The assay is rapid and easily to perform; if necessary columns may be regenerated. The raising of antibodies against thyroxine in goats is described in detail.