CNS Embryonal Tumor with PLAGL Amplification, a New Tumor in Children and Adolescents: Insights from a Comprehensive MRI Analysis.

Background And Purpose: CNS embryonal tumor with pleomorphic adenoma gene-like 1 ()pleomorphic adenoma gene-like 2 ( amplification (ET, PLAGL) is a newly identified, highly malignant pediatric tumor. Systematic MRI descriptions of ET, PLAGL are currently lacking.

Materials And Methods: MRI data from 19 treatment-naïve patients with confirmed ET, PLAGL were analyzed.

Clinical Presentation and Disease Course of 37 Consecutive Cases of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) at a German Tertiary-Care Hospital: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by JCV is a rare but frequently fatal disease of the central nervous system, usually affecting immunocompromised individuals. Our study aims to expand the data on patient characteristics, diagnosis, clinical course, possible PML-directed treatment, and outcome of patients with PML at a German tertiary-care hospital. In this single-center observational cohort study, 37 consecutive patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PML seen at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf from 2013 until 2019 were retrospectively analyzed by chart review with a special focus on demographics, risk factors, and clinical aspects as well as PML-directed treatment and survival.

[Remote proctoring in neuroradiological interventions].

Background: Endovascular procedures are paramount in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, e.g. thrombectomy for stroke.

Training and Supervision of Thrombectomy by Remote Live Streaming Support (RESS) : Randomized Comparison Using Simulated Stroke Interventions.

Purpose: Stroke patients are excluded from expeditious thrombectomy in regions lacking neurointerventional specialists. An audiovisual online streaming system was tested, allowing a neurointerventional specialist located at a neurovascular center to supervise and instruct a thrombectomy performed at a distant hospital without being physically present (remote streaming support [RESS]).

Methods: In total, 36 thrombectomy procedures were performed on a Mentice endovascular simulator by six radiologists not specialized in neurointerventions.

Seizures as presenting symptom in patients with glioblastoma.

Objective: The clinical course and underlying molecular causes in patients with glioblastoma presenting with seizures are poorly understood. Here we investigated clinical features and carrier systems as well as a transaminase relevant in glutamate homeostasis in patients with glioblastoma.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of our clinical glioma database for clinical data during a 2-year period.

'Drip-and-drive': shipping the neurointerventionalist to provide mechanical thrombectomy in primary stroke centers.

Background: To satisfy the increasing demand of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke treatment, new organizational concepts for patient care are required. This study evaluates time intervals of acute stroke management in two stroke care models, including one based on transportation of the interventionalist from a comprehensive stroke center (CSC) to treat patients in two primary stroke centers (PSC). We hypothesized that time intervals were not inferior for the 'drip-and-drive' concept compared with the traditional 'drip-and-ship' concept.

Magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients presenting with (sub)acute cerebellar ataxia.

Introduction: Acute or subacute cerebellar inflammation is mainly caused by postinfectious, toxic, neoplastic, vascular, or idiopathic processes and can result in cerebellar ataxia. Previous magnetic resonance (MR) studies in single patients who developed acute or subacute ataxia showed varying imaging features.

Methods: Eighteen patients presenting with acute and subacute onset of ataxia were included in this study.

Aneurysm Recurrence Volumetry Is More Sensitive than Visual Evaluation of Aneurysm Recurrences.

Purpose: Considerable inter-observer variability in the visual assessment of aneurysm recurrences limits its use as an outcome parameter evaluating new coil generations. The purpose of this study was to compare visual assessment of aneurysm recurrences and aneurysm recurrence volumetry with an example dataset of HydroSoft coils (HSC) versus bare platinum coils (BPC).

Methods: For this retrospective study, 3-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography datasets acquired 6 and 12 months after endovascular therapy using BPC only or mainly HSC were analyzed.

Computer-aided nidus segmentation and angiographic characterization of arteriovenous malformations.

Purpose: Exact knowledge about the nidus of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and the connected vessels is often required for image-based research projects and optimal therapy planning. The aim of this work is to present and evaluate a computer-aided nidus segmentation technique and subsequent angiographic characterization of the connected vessels that can be visualized in 3D.

Methods: The proposed method was developed and evaluated based on 15 datasets of patients with an AVM.

Quantitative t2 measurements in juvenile and late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.

Purpose: The two most prevalent forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) are the juvenile form (Batten disease, CLN3) and late infantile form (Jansky-Bielschowsky disease, CLN2). The aim of this study was to compare quantitative T2-values of brain tissue in CLN2 and CLN3 patients with reference values from age-matched normal subjects.

Methods: Twenty-three CLN2 (n = 6) and CLN3 (n = 17) patients (m:f = 11:12) underwent MRI examination including a multiecho T2 sequence.

Impact of protein content on proton diffusibility in intracranial cysts.

Purpose: The physical background of diffusion phenomena in intracranial cysts is unclear in some cases. To evaluate a potential dependency of proton diffusion on the concentration of proteins in cystic lesions we investigated the correlation of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetization transfer ratio imaging (MTR) in intracranial cystic pathologies in vivo and in vitro with protein solutions.

Materials And Methods: 21 patients (14 male/7 female) with intracranial cystic lesions underwent preoperative MRI (1.

Comparison of 3D computer-aided with manual cerebral aneurysm measurements in different imaging modalities.

Introduction: To compare intra- and inter-observer reliability of aneurysm measurements obtained by a 3D computer-aided technique with standard manual aneurysm measurements in different imaging modalities.

Methods: A total of 21 patients with 29 cerebral aneurysms were studied. All patients underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA), contrast-enhanced (CE-MRA) and time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA).

Case report: surviving a tiger attack.

Attacks on humans by large predators are rare, especially in Northern Europe. In cases of involvement of the craniocervical compartment, most of the attacks are not survived. We report on a case where the patient survived a tiger attack despite severe head trauma and discuss the circumstances leading to the patient's survival and excellent outcome.

Predictors of periprocedural brain lesions associated with carotid stenting.

Background: Carotid stenting carries a risk of periprocedural stroke. We aimed at determining predictors of cerebral ischemic events associated with stenting for symptomatic carotid stenosis.

Methods: 127 patients who had been studied by diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) before and on the day after carotid stenting were included.

Carotid plaque surface irregularity predicts cerebral embolism during carotid artery stenting.

Background And Purpose: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is associated with the risk of periprocedural embolic events. The procedural risk may vary with plaque characteristics. We aimed at determining the impact of carotid plaque surface irregularity on the risk of cerebral embolism during CAS.

Macromolecule content influences proton diffusibility in gliomas.

Objectives: Different compositions of the extra cellular matrix with changing concentrations of more or less hydrophilic components like proteins may have a major influence on the diffusion phenomena found in gliomas.

Methods: 24 patients (14 male / 10 female) with histologically confirmed non necrotic glioma underwent preoperative MRI, including magnetisation transfer (MTR), triple echo T2 weighted (T2W) and diffusion weighted (DWI) sequences. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), quantitative T2 and MTR maps were calculated and regions of interest (ROIs) were placed in the tumour centre (TU) and in the contralateral hemisphere (NWM).

Signal intensity in T2' magnetic resonance imaging is related to brain glioma grade.

Objectives: T2' values reflect the presence of deoxyhaemoglobin related to high local oxygen extraction. We assessed the feasibility of T2' imaging to display regions with high metabolic activity in brain gliomas.

Methods: MRI was performed in 25 patients (12 female; median age 46 years; range 2-69) with brain gliomas with additional T2 and T2* sequences.

Successful vascular decompression in an 11-year-old patient with trigeminal neuralgia.

Case Report: We present the case of an 11-year-old boy who was suffering distinct trigeminal neuralgia. At the age of 3 years, the patient had contracted a severe Epstein-Barr virus infection and developed mild meningoencephalitis. Magnetic resonance imaging scans showed a slight enhancement in the pontomesencephalic cistern as well as a neurovascular conflict at the right trigeminal nerve.

Face memory in MRI-positive and MRI-negative temporal lobe epilepsy.

Purpose: Effects of MRI-positive (MRI(+)) as compared to MRI-negative (MRI(-)) temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) on face memory are not yet known.

Methods: We studied 24 MRI(-) (11 right/13 left) and 20 MRI(+) (13 right/7 left) TLE patients, 12 generalized epilepsy patients, and 12 healthy subjects undergoing diagnostic workup with 24-72-h Video-EEG-monitoring. Twenty faces were shown, and had to be recognized from 40 faces immediately and after a 24-h delay.

Sex differences in face recognition memory in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, patients with generalized epilepsy, and healthy controls.

The influence of sex on face recognition memory was studied in 49 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, 20 patients with generalized epilepsy, and 32 healthy controls. After learning 20 faces, serially presented for 5 seconds each, subjects had to recognize the 20 among 40 faces (including 20 new faces) immediately and 24 hours later. Women had better face recognition than men, with no significant differences between groups.