Predictors of Positive Airway Pressure Therapy Adherence Among U.S. Active Duty Military Personnel With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent among U.S. military personnel, but adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment is suboptimal.

Behavioral KSA Intervention Class to Boost Positive Airway Pressure Adherence Among Active Duty Military Personnel With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a treatable cause of daytime sleepiness and associated medical problems that can negatively impact soldier readiness and performance. This study examined adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) by soldiers who were newly diagnosed with OSA and prescribed PAP therapy and participated in a Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes (KSA) behavioral intervention class.

Materials And Methods: The KSA was a one-time, interactive 90-minute class attended by up to 10 patients per class.

Patient Attitudes and Perceived Barriers Toward Mental Health Treatment Options in a Rural Student-Run Clinic.

Background While the prevalence of mental health conditions is similar in rural areas and non-rural areas, access to mental health care is more limited in rural areas. Patient attitudes toward specific mental health treatment options in rural populations have been understudied. Some previous studies indicate potential positive outcomes using osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) as an adjunct for mental health care.

Association Between Clinical Depression, Anxiety, and Chronic Pain in the Active Duty Army Personnel.

Introduction: Chronic pain is highly prevalent among soldiers leading to costly impacts on disability and readiness. Depression and anxiety (D&A) are frequently comorbid with chronic pain, but previous studies tend to focus on reporting the odds of co-occurrence. The aim of this study was to examine the association of properly diagnosed D&A disorders on chronic pain indicators among active duty soldiers.

Factors Associated With Chronic Pain Intensity in U.S. Army Soldiers.

Introduction: Chronic pain is prevalent among U.S. military personnel and veterans.

Chronic Pain and Childhood Adversity Experiences Among U.S. Military Personnel.

Introduction: Chronic pain in a military population is prevalent, is costly, and can limit daily activities and affect soldier readiness. It has been associated with childhood adversity (CA) within the veteran, adult, and pediatric populations. Given the need to maximize soldier resiliency, an examination of the link between CA and chronic pain in an active duty population for a better understanding that informs treatment options is warranted.

Association of Chronic Pain With Alcohol Consumption and Tobacco Use in Active Duty Soldiers.

Introduction: Chronic pain and lifestyle habits, namely alcohol consumption and tobacco use, impact soldier readiness. This study examines the relationship between chronic pain and these lifestyle habits in soldiers seen at the Interdisciplinary Pain Management Center (IPMC).

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective review utilized data from active duty soldiers receiving treatment at the IPMC.

Key factors for residency interview selection from the National Resident Matching Program: analysis of residency Program Director surveys, 2016-2020.

Context: As the number of medical school graduates continues to outpace the available residency training positions, applying for residency in the United States has become a highly competitive process, often associated with a low rate of selection and invitation for interview. The National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) Program Director survey provides data assessing factors considered by Program Directors (PD) in selecting and inviting candidates for interview. Assessing the evolution of these factors over time is efficacious to inform and guide prospective applicants toward improving preparation for residency application.

Characterizing Social Insecurity in a Rural North Carolina Emergency Department.

Introduction: Social insecurity, a form of deprivation of social amenities, if present among patients presenting in a rural emergency department (ED) can be a source of medical burden and poor health outcomes. Although knowledge and understanding of the insecurity profile of such patients is necessary for targeted care that improves their health outcomes, the concept has not been comprehensively quantified. In this study we explored, characterized, and quantified the social insecurity profile of ED patients at a rural teaching hospital in southeastern North Carolina with a large Native American population.

Body Mass Index Change as a Predictor of Biometric Changes following an Intensive Lifestyle Modification Program.

The initial benefits of lifestyle modification programs such as reduction in chronic and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors have been well documented. However, such positive effects may deteriorate over time following relapse into inactivity. Timely detection of weight regain leading to the deterioration of the accrued benefits could trigger early resumption of intensive lifestyle intervention.

Controlled Substance Use Among Psychiatric Patients in a Rural North Carolina Emergency Department.

Introduction: Emergency department (ED) visits for mental health and substance use disorders have been on the rise, with substance use disorders frequently coexisting with mental health disorders. This study evaluated substances commonly used/abused by patients presenting to the ED of a rural, regional medical center with subsequent admission for mental health treatment in Robeson County, North Carolina.

Methods: This retrospective, single-center study was approved by the Southeastern Health Institutional Review Board.

Effect of Participation with Accompanying Household Member in the Complete Health Improvement Program in Appalachia.

Intensive therapeutic lifestyle modification programs, such as the Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP), reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, there are little data on how participation in CHIP with a household member can affect CVD biomarkers. This study focuses on the benefit of joint participation of household members in CHIP in order to have a better outcome in improving CVD risk factors compared with lone or individual participation.

Neonatal Thrush Is Not Associated with Mode of Delivery.

Purpose: Thrush is an opportunistic infection of the buccal cavity by the organism . It is most commonly seen in infants and becomes relatively uncommon between 6 to 9 months of age implying the infection is possibly dictated by risk factors present at or around the time of birth. The objective of this study is to determine if there is an association between the development of thrush and cesarean delivery, as we hypothesize.

Factors Associated With Osteopathic Primary Care Residency Choice Decisions.

Context: The osteopathic medical profession traditionally emphasized the education of primary care physicians. A common thread for both osteopathic and allopathic residency matches, however, has been an increase in the interest in specialties outside of primary care.

Objective: To determine whether there are critical points in medical school associated with residency selection decision-making, what factors affect residency selection decisions, and whether any identifiable shifts or trends exist.

Liver-specific reconstitution of CEACAM1 reverses the metabolic abnormalities caused by its global deletion in male mice.

Aims/hypothesis: The carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) promotes insulin clearance. Mice with global null mutation (Cc1 ) or with liver-specific inactivation (L-SACC1) of Cc1 (also known as Ceacam1) gene display hyperinsulinaemia resulting from impaired insulin clearance, insulin resistance, steatohepatitis and obesity. Because increased lipolysis contributes to the metabolic phenotype caused by transgenic inactivation of CEACAM1 in the liver, we aimed to further investigate the primary role of hepatic CEACAM1-dependent insulin clearance in insulin and lipid homeostasis.

Glycated Hemoglobin Testing to Identify Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in the Inpatient Setting.

Background: Hyperglycemia is commonly seen in hospitalized patients. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) correlates with the average blood glucose level over the previous 8 to 12 weeks. Thus, an HbA1c test offers a longitudinal view that reduces etiologic ambiguity of disease.

Research dissemination: guiding the novice researcher on the publication path.

Dissemination is an important part of translational research. When the results of high-quality studies reach a wide audience of peers, they provide an evidence base that can guide practice and improve patient care and safety. From proposal to publication, the authors provide the novice researcher with advice on ethics, tips on selecting a journal, a summary of manuscript requirements, and a brief outline of the submission process and outcomes.

Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes--More Common Than You Think: A Continuous Glucose Monitoring Study.

Background: Hypoglycemia is often the limiting factor for intensive glucose control in diabetes management, however its actual prevalence in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is not well documented.

Methodology: A total of 108 patients with T2DM wore a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for 5 days. Rates and patterns of hypoglycemia and glycemic variability (GV) were calculated.