Publications by authors named "Godwin Ogbole"
The aim of this study is to present and discuss atypical instances of spina bifida (SB) within a Nigerian paediatric cohort, highlighting their distinctive clinicoradiological features. Additionally, a brief literature review is provided to contextualise these congenital anomalies. This series comprises eight rare cases of SB managed in a Nigerian neurosurgical facility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cancers, with increasing incidence and mortality rates, constitute a leading public health problem in Nigeria. As the burden of cancer in Nigeria increases, research and quality service delivery remain critical strategies for improved cancer control across the continuum of care. This study contextualizes the challenges and gaps in oncology research and practice in Nigeria, and presents recommendations to address the gaps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * A 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained on synthesized data and tested on various datasets, achieving notable precision (85%) and recall (80%) in identifying motion issues.
- * The model demonstrated excellent agreement with a radiologist's assessments (93%) and correlates strongly with an image quality metric, aiming to streamline the quality assessment process, especially in low-resource environments.
Purpose: Low-field (LF) MRI scanners are common in many Low- and middle-Income countries, but they provide images with worse spatial resolution and contrast than high-field (HF) scanners. Image Quality Transfer (IQT) is a machine learning framework to enhance images based on high-quality references that has recently adapted to LF MRI. In this study we aim to assess if it can improve lesion visualisation compared to LF MRI scans in children with epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic utility of electrocardiogram for screening of cardiac injury on cardiac magnetic resonance in post-hospitalised COVID-19 patients: a prospective multicenter study.
Int J Cardiol
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ECG in detecting cardiac issues in post-hospitalized COVID-19 patients through cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.
- Results showed that these patients had significantly more ECG abnormalities compared to healthy controls, yet both groups had similar levels of CMR abnormalities.
- Adding additional analyses on repolarization improved ECG's ability to identify patients with CMR abnormalities and reduced the reliance on sex in the diagnostic process.
Background: Hypertension is preeminent among the vascular risk factors for stroke occurrence. The wide gaps in awareness, detection, treatment, and control rates of hypertension are fueling an epidemic of stroke in sub-Saharan Africa.
Purpose: To quantify the contribution of untreated, treated but uncontrolled, and controlled hypertension to stroke occurrence in Ghana and Nigeria.
The ILAE Neuroimaging Task Force publishes educational case reports that highlight basic aspects of neuroimaging in epilepsy consistent with the ILAE's educational mission. Subcortical laminar heterotopia, also known as subcortical band heterotopia (SBH) or "double cortex," is an intriguing and rare congenital malformation of cortical development. SBH lesions are part of a continuum best designated as agyria-pachygyria-band-spectrum.
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- African ancestry populations have the highest stroke burden globally, yet the genetic factors contributing to stroke in these groups are not well understood, prompting the SIREN study in West Africa to investigate this.
- The study involved recruiting stroke patients and stroke-free controls to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS), leading to DNA analysis that identified significant SNPs near specific genes associated with stroke risk.
- Key findings highlighted protective genetic variants near AADACL2 and MIR5186 on chromosome 3, as well as other notable associations on chromosomes 5, 6, 12, 16, and 18, which could provide insights for future stroke risk assessment in these populations.
Dietary patterns associated with hypertension among stroke-free indigenous Africans: insights from the Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network study.
J Hypertens
April 2024
Background: The dietary factors associated with the high burden of hypertension among indigenous Africans remain poorly understood. We assessed the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertension among indigenous Africans.
Method: In this study, 1550 participants with hypertension matched (for age: ± 5 years, sex and ethnicity) with 1550 participants without hypertension were identified from the stroke-free population in the Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network study in Ghana and Nigeria.
Factors associated with frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption among selected sub-Saharan African populations: evidence from the Cardiovascular H3Africa Innovation Resource Project.
Int J Epidemiol
February 2024
Background: Frequent fruit and vegetable consumption is considered a promising dietary behaviour that protects health. However, most existing studies about the factors associated with this phenomenon among Africans are based on single-country reports, apart from one meta-regression combining smaller studies. This study harmonized large datasets and assessed factors associated with the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with a high case fatality rate in resource-limited settings. The independent predictors of poor outcome after ICH in sub-Saharan Africa remains to be characterized in large epidemiological studies. We aimed to determine factors associated with 30-day fatality among West African patients with ICH.
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- The study investigates the role of cerebrovascular disease in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) among a specific black population in Nigeria, comparing participants with and without cognitive impairments using CT perfusion imaging.
- It involved 27 HIV+ adults divided into impaired (18) and unimpaired (9) groups, measuring brain blood flow and volume across key regions, and found significant differences in regional blood flow variability between the two groups.
- The findings suggest that CT perfusion imaging can effectively show cerebral perfusion changes linked to HAND, highlighting its potential as a resource for addressing HIV impacts in Africa, where the epidemic is most severe.
Article Synopsis
- Non-cigarette tobacco (NCT) use is linked to an increased risk of stroke among indigenous Africans, suggesting a need for better understanding and public health interventions.
- The study involved 7,617 respondents, showing that those who used smokeless NCT had a significant association with stroke, while smoked NCT did not show a strong link.
- Increased awareness and targeted policies are essential to address the rising burden of stroke related to NCT usage in the population.
Background: This study aimed to develop a risk-scoring model for hypertension among Africans.
Methods: In this study, 4413 stroke-free controls were used to develop the risk-scoring model for hypertension. Logistic regression models were applied to 13 risk factors.
Article Synopsis
- Background research indicates that severe stroke outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa may be linked to initial stroke severity, but there is limited knowledge on what influences stroke severity specifically in indigenous Africans.
- A study involving 3,660 West African stroke cases found that diet (high meat and low vegetable consumption) and lesion volume significantly correlated with severe stroke conditions, with severe cases comprising over half of all evaluated strokes.
- The findings suggest that addressing dietary habits and understanding lesion characteristics could help mitigate the high rates of severe stroke in this population.
Article Synopsis
- Low-field MRI scanners (<1T) are often used in low- and middle-income countries and for specific patient groups in wealthier nations, but they typically produce lower resolution and contrast images compared to high-field MRI scanners (1.5T and above).
- The study presents a technique called Image Quality Transfer (IQT) that enhances low-field MRI images by estimating high-field quality images based on the available low-field images using advanced modeling and machine learning approaches.
- Results indicate that the IQT method improves the contrast and resolution of low-field MR images, making them more useful for detecting anatomical structures and issues, thereby increasing their diagnostic potential in resource-constrained environments.
The ILAE Neuroimaging Task Force aimed to publish educational case reports highlighting basic aspects related to neuroimaging in epilepsy consistent with the educational mission of the ILAE. Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is highly endemic in resource-limited countries and increasingly more often seen in non-endemic regions due to migration. Cysts with larva of the tapeworm Taenia solium lodge in the brain and cause several neurological conditions, of which seizures are the most common.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Every minute, six indigenous Africans develop new strokes. Patient-level and system-level contributors to early stroke fatality in this region are yet to be delineated. We aimed to identify and quantify the contributions of patient-level and system-level determinants of inpatient stroke fatality across 16 hospitals in Ghana and Nigeria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAre there differences in perceptions, preferences and attitudes towards disclosure of genetic testing for Stroke? A qualitative study among stroke-free SIREN-SIBS genomics study participants.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
March 2023
Article Synopsis
- The study examined how stroke-free individuals and healthcare providers in Nigeria and Ghana perceive and prefer the disclosure of genetic testing results related to stroke.
- Findings indicated that healthcare professionals generally had a better understanding of genetic testing compared to family members, and suggested that relatives and religious figures are preferred for delivering sensitive results to patients.
- Challenges for effective disclosure included inadequate information, fear of stigma and familial distress, and a lack of awareness about national guidelines, highlighting the need for culturally tailored educational initiatives.
Article Synopsis
- Machine learning can work well, but it often struggles to make accurate predictions on new data, which is called out-of-sample generalizability.
- To solve this problem, researchers are using a method called Federated ML that allows computers to share information about how well they're learning without actually sharing the data itself.
- In a big study with 71 locations around the world, scientists created a model to help detect brain tumors more accurately, showing a significant improvement compared to older methods and hoping to help with rare illnesses and data sharing in healthcare.
Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, but little is known about the contribution of secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) to stroke epidemiology among indigenous Africans.
Objective: To evaluate the association of SHSE with stroke among indigenous Africans.
Methods: We analyzed the relationship of SHSE with stroke among 2990 case-control pairs of adults who had never smoked (identified in the SIREN study) using conditional logistic regression at a two-sided P < 0.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology has profoundly transformed current healthcare systems globally, owing to advances in hardware and software research innovations. Despite these advances, MRI remains largely inaccessible to clinicians, patients, and researchers in low-resource areas, such as Africa. The rapidly growing burden of noncommunicable diseases in Africa underscores the importance of improving access to MRI equipment as well as training and research opportunities on the continent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There are limited data from Africa on the burden and associations between pre-diabetes (pre-DM), diabetes mellitus (DM) and stroke occurrence in a region experiencing a profound rise in stroke burden.
Purpose: To characterize the associations between stroke and dysglycemic status among West Africans.
Methods: The Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN) is a multicenter, case-control study involving 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria.
Aims: The relationship between vegetable consumption and hypertension occurrence remains poorly characterized in sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed the association of vegetable consumption with odds of hypertension among indigenous Africans.
Methods And Results: We harmonized data on prior vegetable consumption and hypertension occurrence (defined as one of the following conditions; systolic blood pressure ≥140 or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg or previous diagnosis or use of antihypertensive medications) from 16 445 participants across five African countries (Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya, Ghana and Burkina Faso) in the Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network and Africa Wits-INDEPTH partnership for Genomic studies.