Parenting style as a mediator between children's negative emotionality and problematic behavior in early childhood.

Negative emotionality is considered to be the core of the difficult temperament concept (J. E. Bates, 1989; R.

Contribution of infants' sleep and crying to marital relationship of first-time parent couples in the 1st year after childbirth.

This study investigated the influence of infants' sleep and crying on marital relationship in first-time parent couples (N = 107) during the 1st year after birth. Control variables are parents' insomnia and parental self-efficacy in handling the baby. Questionnaires were administered to both parents before birth, at 2 and 7 weeks after birth, and at 1 year after birth.