Actionable Gene Alterations Identified in Patients With Malignant Melanoma by Targeted Sequencing in Japan.

Purpose: Precision medicine plays an important role in the treatment of patients with advanced melanoma. Despite its high incidence in White patients, advanced melanoma is rare in Asian countries, hampering prospective clinical trials targeting the Asian population. This retrospective study aimed to elucidate the real-world molecular diagnoses and outcomes of Japanese patients with melanoma using comprehensive genome profiling (CGP).

Histone acetylation and BRD4 binding are associated with induction of TNF mRNA expression by temporal high-glucose exposure and subsequent low-glucose culture in juvenile macrophage-like THP-1 cells.

Background: Postprandial hyperglycemia induces expression of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which promotes the onset of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated whether a transient high-glucose culture enhanced sustained expression of TNF, or whether the induction is associated with histone acetylation, and bromodomain protein containing protein 4 (BRD4), which binds acetylated histone, in human juvenile macrophage-like THP-1 cells.

Methods: THP-1 cells were cultured in medium with high-glucose in the presence or absence of (+)-JQ1, an inhibitor of bromodomain and extra-terminal domain family, for 24 h (day 0).

Anti-inflammatory effect of Angiotensin 1-7 in white adipose tissue.

Obesity is a global health concern that promotes chronic low-grade inflammation, leading to insulin resistance, a key factor in many metabolic diseases. Angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7), a component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in obesity and related disorders, though its mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of Ang 1-7 on inflammation of white adipose tissue (WAT) in dietary-induced obese mice.

Tensor-based analysis of eclectic-reported crowd accidents: An innovative retrospective methodology design study.

Introduction: Analysis of crowd accidents contributes to accident prevention. Therefore, we employ a tensor-based approach. The innovative tensor-based approach facilitates the streamlining of longitudinal studies, promotes error detection, and enhances the transparency and traceability of data collection.

Adequate Vegetable Intake Improves Metabolic Indices in Healthy Japanese Participants: A Randomized Crossover Study.

Aim: We aimed to elucidate the effect of a healthy diet containing adequate amounts of protein and vegetables on metabolic indices.

Methods: In this randomized crossover study, twenty-two healthy Japanese participants ingested two different test meals: fish diet (F) or fish diet with adequate vegetable content (FV). Each 5-day diet load test was separated by a washout period of at least seven days.

Long-Term Outcomes of the Treatment for Gastric Tube Cancer After Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer.

Background: The long-term outcomes of gastric tube cancer (GTC) are unclear. This study therefore aimed to clarify clinicopathologic features and the long-term outcomes of patients with GTC.

Methods: The 25 patients who were diagnosed with GTC between April 2003 and December 2022 at our hospital were eligible for inclusion in this retrospective study, and this included 27 lesions.

Robotic gastrectomy using hinotori™ Surgical Robot System: Initial case series.

Background: This study aims to prove the feasibility and safety of robotic gastrectomy using the hinotori™ Surgical Robot System (Medicaroid Corporation, Kobe, Japan).

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled the 16 patients who underwent gastrectomy by the hinotori™ Surgical Robot System for gastric cancer at our hospital between June 2023 and January 2024. Console surgeons performed almost all lymphadenectomies, including the clipping of vessels.

Ionizable Polymeric Micelles with Phenylalanine Moieties Enhance Intracellular Delivery of Self-Replicating RNA for Long-Lasting Protein Expression In Vivo.

mRNA-based therapeutics are revolutionizing the landscape of medical interventions. However, the short half-life of mRNA and transient protein expression often limits its therapeutic potential, demanding high treatment doses or repeated administrations. Self-replicating RNA (RepRNA)-based treatments could offer enhanced protein production and reduce the required dosage.

Impact of zero anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy followed by whole stomach reconstruction for esophageal cancer: prospective cohort study.

Purpose: The stomach is the most common organ which is used for reconstruction after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. It is controversial which is better narrow gastric tube reconstruction or whole stomach reconstruction to prevent anastomotic leakage.

Methods: From August 2022 to March 2023, we started a prospective cohort study of whole stomach reconstruction after esophagectomy.

Early prediction of treatment outcome for lenvatinib using F-FDG PET/CT in patients with unresectable or advanced thyroid carcinoma refractory to radioiodine treatment: a prospective, multicentre, non-randomised study.

Background: Lenvatinib is widely used to treat unresectable and advanced thyroid carcinomas. We aimed to determine whether F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) performed 1 week after lenvatinib treatment initiation could predict treatment outcomes.

Results: This was a prospective, nonrandomised, multicentre study.

Laparoscopic reconstruction in McKeown esophagectomy is a risk factor for postoperative diaphragmatic hernia.

Diaphragmatic hernia is a very rare but high-risk complication after esophagectomy. Although there are many studies on the Ivor Lewis esophagectomy procedure for diaphragmatic hernia, there are fewer studies on the McKeown procedure. The present study aimed to estimate the incidence of diaphragmatic hernia after esophagectomy, describing its presentation and management with the McKeown procedure.

Molecular and Neural Mechanisms of Temperature Preference Rhythm in .

Temperature influences animal physiology and behavior. Animals must set an appropriate body temperature to maintain homeostasis and maximize survival. Mammals set their body temperatures using metabolic and behavioral strategies.

Real-world data on the efficacy and safety of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective against advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, whether the efficacy and safety of ICI treatment in elderly patients are similar to those in younger patients is unclear. This study was designed to address this question.

Sialic acid biosensing by post-printing modification of PEDOT:PSS with pyridylboronic acid.

A poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)-based conducting polymer, which has biorecognition capabilities, has promising biosensing applications. Previously, we developed a facile method for post-printing chemical modification of PEDOT:PSS thin films from commercial sources. Molecular recognition elements were directly introduced into the PSS side chain by a two-step chemical reaction: introduction of an ethylenediamine linker via an acid chloride reaction of the sulfonate moiety, and subsequent receptor attachment to the linker via amine coupling.

Feeding jejunostomy following esophagectomy may increase the occurrence of postoperative small bowel obstruction.

This study aimed to clarify the characteristics and treatment of bowel obstruction associated with feeding jejunostomy in patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. In this single-center retrospective study, 363 patients underwent esophagectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection for esophageal cancer at the Wakayama Medical University Hospital between January 2014 and June 2021. All patients who underwent esophagectomy routinely underwent feeding jejunostomy or gastrostomy.

Influences of the Interactions of Genetic Variations of Seven Core Circadian Clock Genes with Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Parameters.

Introduction: In mammals, circadian rhythms regulate many behavioral and physiological processes. Genetic and epidemiological studies have shown that dysregulation of the circadian rhythm induces chronic metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We aimed to know the interactions of genetic variations of seven core circadian clock genes with lifestyle factors on the determination of metabolic parameters.

Improvement of Depressed Mood with Green Tea Intake.

Being in a prolonged depressed state increases the risk of developing depression. To investigate whether green tea intake is effective in improving depression-like moods, we used an experimental animal model of depression with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and clarified the effects of green tea on the biological stress response and inflammation in the brain. Regarding the stress reduction effect of green tea, we found that the sum of caffeine (C) and epigallocatechin gallate (E) relative to the sum of theanine (T) and arginine (A), the major components of green tea, or the CE/TA ratio, is important.

Leiomyosarcoma arising from the ovarian vein as a gynecologic malignancy: Two case reports and a review of the literature.

Leiomyosarcoma arising from the ovarian vein has rarely been reported. Herein, we report two cases from a single institute. Given their direct connections to ovarian vessels, both leiomyosarcomas were initially suspected to be gynecological malignancies.

Nutritional benefit of remnant gastric preservation in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radical esophagectomy and ileo-colon interposition.

Background: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the short-term surgical outcomes and nutritional status of ileo-colon interposition in patients with esophageal cancer who could not undergo gastric tube reconstruction.

Methods: Sixty-four patients underwent subtotal esophagectomy with reconstruction using ileo-colon interposition for esophageal cancer at the Wakayama Medical University Hospital between January 2001 and July 2020. Using propensity scores to strictly balance the significant variables, we compared treatment outcomes.