Association of subclavian and jugular vein thrombosis: color doppler sonographic evaluation.

In case of clinical symptoms of subclavian vein thrombosis a phlebographic or color Doppler sonographic investigation should be performed. Phlebography is a sensitive method to exclude the thrombosis in the subclavian vein but not in the jugular vein. Color Doppler sonography additionally gives information about the surrounding tissue and the jugular vein.

Transmission of mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy in normal pedigrees.

The presence of multiple mitochondrial genotypes (heteroplasmy) has been studied in normal individuals. Six multigenerational normal families were screened for heteroplasmy by PCR of the mitochondrial control region and the cytochrome c oxidase intergenic regions. Two individuals from different families exhibited multiple length polymorphisms in a homopolymeric tract at positions 16184-16193 and a grandmother in a third family was heteroplasmic for both cytosine and thymidine at position 15945.

Pure red cell aplasia due to parvovirus B19 infection in solid organ transplantation.

Human parvovirus B19 disease is an infrequent but recognized rare cause of anemia in immunocompromised patients. A few cases of parvovirus B19 infections have been reported in transplant recipients, of those only four patients underwent renal transplantation. The primary immunosuppressive therapy in these patients included prednisone with either cyclosporine or tacrolimus.

[Value of lung filter, asymmetric film-screen technique and digital storage screen radiography in diagnosis of coin lesion].

Aim: To evaluate the image quality of an asymmetric film-screen combination (a-FSC), a conventional screen-film combination (FSC) at speed class 200, a lung filter, and digital luminescence radiograms in detecting pulmonary nodules.

Methods: Detail perception studies were carried out with an anthropomorphic phantom. The image systems were exposed under standardised conditions with 125 kVp.

Detection of mutant K-ras DNA in plasma or serum of patients with colorectal cancer.

Increased understanding of the molecular basis of colorectal cancer and recognition that extracellular DNA circulates in the plasma and serum of cancer patients enables new approaches to detection and monitoring. We used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to demonstrate mutant K-ras DNA in the plasma or serum of patients with colorectal cancer. Plasma or serum was fractionated from the blood of 31 patients with metastatic or unresected colorectal cancer and from 28 normal volunteers.

KRAS oncogene mutations suggest a common histogenetic origin for pleomorphic giant cell tumor of the pancreas, osteoclastoma of the pancreas, and pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma.

Giant cell neoplasms of the pancreas are rare tumors of uncertain histogenesis. Mutation of the KRAS oncogene is common in typical pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma. We have analyzed DNA from five pancreatic tumors with giant cells for mutations in the KRAS oncogene and found alterations of the second position of codon 12 in each case (four G > A transitions and one G > C transversion).

ROC-analysis of detection performance by analogue and digital plain film systems in chest radiography.

Purpose: To compare the performances of 4 imaging systems in the diagnostic radiology of the chest: an asymmetric screen-film combination (a-SFC); a conventional screen-film combination of speed class 200 (SFC); a screen-film combination of speed class 200 with an aluminium lung filter; and digital luminescence radiographs (DLR).

Material And Methods: Object detectability studies were carried out using an anthropomorphic chest phantom. The images were obtained under standard exposure conditions at 125 kVp.

Loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite instability at the retinoblastoma locus in osteosarcomas.

Studies of osteosarcoma cell lines or frozen tissue have detected loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the retinoblastoma (RB) locus by Southern blot analysis or restriction fragment length polymorphism. Most archived clinical specimens cannot be analyzed by these techniques. We analyzed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples from 19 cases of osteosarcoma for molecular changes at the RB locus using polymerase chain reaction amplification of polymorphic short tandem repeat sequences (microsatellite repeats).

Frequency-filtered image post-processing of digital luminescence radiographs in pulmonary nodule imaging.

Aim: The aim of the study was to optimize unsharp masking image post-processing of digital luminescence radiographs (DLR) for the representation of pulmonary nodules, and to compare DLR to screen-film radiography at two dose levels.

Patients And Methods: A total of 284 CT-validated pulmonary nodules were evaluated. One hundred and forty-nine nodules were exposed with a 200-speed screen-film combination (SFC) and 135 nodules with a 400-speed SFC, with correspondingly exposed storage phosphor images.

Lymphocytic progenitor cell origin and clonal evolution of human B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

At presentation, bone marrow specimens from over 25% of B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) display more than two clonal rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) genes in Southern blot analyses. Nucleotide sequence analysis has shown predominantly different V(H)DJ(H) junctions among these genes, leading to the frequent description of such cases as oligoclonal leukemias. In the present study, we have analyzed the lgH genes from four patients whose leukemic cells contained different patterns of lgH gene rearrangements between presentation and relapse.

[Use of digital luminescence radiography in voiding cystourethrography].

Purpose: Optimization of image quality by use of digital luminescence radiography (DLR) in voiding cystoureterography (VCU) instead of a conventional screen film system.

Patients And Methods: 53 patients with a suspected vesicouretral reflux were examined with a VCU in analogous and digital technique. The X-rays were taken in a sitting position while simultaneously measuring the bladder pressure.

[The use of an asymmetric film-screen combination for the imaging of round pulmonary foci].

Purpose: To examine the diagnostic advantages of an asymmetric film-screen system (a-FSS) compared to a conventional 200-speed FSS with and without anatomical lung filter.

Methods: Standard radiographs were obtained from an anthropomorphic chest phantom with simulated pulmonary nodules. The existence or non-existence of nodules was assessed in 7344 individual observations.

True histiocytic lymphoma: a study of 12 cases based on current definition.

True histiocytic lymphoma (THL), as it is currently defined, is a rare entity. We report 12 cases of THL seen at Stanford over the last ten years. By definition, the neoplastic cells in each case showed histological and immunological evidence of histiocytic differentiation.

47-year-old woman with six-week history of lower extremity weakness and eosinophilia.

This discussion was selected from the Department of Medicine Morbidity and Mortality Conference held at the Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, on January 9, 1991. The editor of the conference is Philip C. Lee, MD, Chief Resident, Department of Medicine.

Sequence and analysis of the gene for bacteriophage T3 RNA polymerase.

The RNA polymerases encoded by bacteriophages T3 and T7 have similar structures, but exhibit nearly exclusive template specificities. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the region of T3 DNA that encodes the T3 RNA polymerase (the gene 1.0 region), and have compared this sequence with the corresponding region of T7 DNA.