Exploring the Relationship Between Radiation-Induced Moya Moya Syndrome and Radiation Dose for Pediatric Patients Treated with Proton Radiation Therapy: Moya Moya in Peds Patients After Proton RT.

Purpose: The incidence and risk factors associated with radiation-induced Moya-Moya Syndrome (RIMMS) in pediatric brain tumor patients treated with proton radiotherapy (PRT) remain poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of RIMMS in the setting of CNS proton radiotherapy (PRT) in a pediatric cohort and assess its relationship with dose to the Circle of Willis (COW) or optic chiasm (OC).

Methods & Materials: We performed a retrospective review of pediatric brain tumor patient treated with intracranial PRT (1995-2021).

Initial Observation of Contrast Profiles for 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences in Magnetic Resonance-Guided Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.

Purpose: In our experience treating locally advanced pancreatic cancer with magnetic resonance-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT), the true-fast imaging with steady-state free precession sequences used to generate both the real-time 2-dimensional (2D) magnetic resonance images (MRI; 2D cine) and the pretreatment high-resolution 3-dimensional (3D) MRI impart differing intensities for relevant structures between the 2 scans. Since these variations can confound target tracking selection, we propose that an understanding of the differing contrast profiles could improve selection of tracking structures.

Methods And Materials: We retrospectively reviewed both 2D cine and 3D MRI images for 20 patients with pancreatic cancer treated with MRgRT.

Sensitizing brain metastases to stereotactic radiosurgery using hyperbaric oxygen: A proof-of-principle study.

Purpose: Increased oxygen levels may enhance the radiosensitivity of brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). This project administered hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) prior to SRS to assess feasibility, safety, and response.

Methods: 38 patients were studied, 19 with 25 brain metastases treated with HBO prior to SRS, and 19 historical controls with 27 metastases, matched for histology, GPA, resection status, and lesion size.

Fast Deformable Image Registration for Real-Time Target Tracking During Radiation Therapy Using Cine MRI and Deep Learning.

Purpose: We developed a deep learning (DL) model for fast deformable image registration using 2-dimensional sagittal cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquired during radiation therapy and evaluated its potential for real-time target tracking compared with conventional image registration methods.

Methods And Materials: Our DL model uses a pair of cine MRI images as input and provides a motion vector field (MVF) as output. The MVF is then applied to align the input images.

Preclinical therapeutic efficacy of the ciprofloxacin-eluting sinus stent for Pseudomonas aeruginosa sinusitis.

Background: The ciprofloxacin-coated sinus stent (CSS) has unique therapeutic potential to deliver antibiotics to the sinuses. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the CSS stent in eliminating Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a rabbit model of sinusitis.

Methods: A ciprofloxacin-eluting sinus stent was created by coating ciprofloxacin/Eudragit RS100 on biodegradable poly-D/L-lactic acid (2 mg).

Protective and antifungal properties of Nanodisk-Amphotericin B over commercially available Amphotericin B.

Objective: Amphotericin B (AMB), a potent antifungal agent, has been employed as topical and systemic therapy for sinonasal fungal infections. A novel formulation of nanodisc (ND) containing super aggregated AMB (ND-AMB) for the treatment of fungal infections has been recently developed to provide greater protection from AMB toxicity than current, clinically approved lipid-based formulations. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the safety and potency of ND-AMB for sinonasal delivery using an model.