Combined Positive Score and Cisplatin Sensitivity Are Prognostic Factors for Response to Nivolumab Therapy for Recurrent Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck.

Background: Recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/MHNSCC) is a challenging malignancy with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) targeting the programmed cell death/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway, has emerged as a promising therapy for these patients. However, identifying biomarkers predictive of response to nivolumab remains critical for optimizing treatment strategies.

A case of ANCA-negative pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis with lung adenocarcinoma with mediastinal involvement successfully treated by corticosteroid and radiation therapy.

Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis (PICGN) is one of the pathologies causing rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, often associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA); however, in 10-30% of cases, ANCAs are negative. While a relatively large number of cases of ANCA-positive PICGN complicated with malignancy have been previously reported, the number of cases of ANCA-negative PICGN with malignancy is limited. The prognosis for such cases was poor, and many patients died within a relatively short period.

Bilateral Hilar and Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy as an Initial Manifestation of Amyloidosis.

A 75-year-old male visited our hospital with bilateral hilar lymph node swelling detected on chest radiography during an annual medical checkup. Chest computed tomography revealed swelling of multiple hilar mediastinal lymph nodes. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) specimens from the hilar lymph nodes revealed amyloid deposition.

A Case of Phlebolith in the Tip of Tongue.

The differential diagnosis of a tongue mass containing calcified bodies includes a phlebolith associated with vascular lesions, such as hemangioma and vascular malformation, and diseases such as neoplasm, osseous choristoma and hypercalcemic states, including hyperparathyroidism. The appearance of the calcified bodies on plain radiographs may help to differentiate these entities. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography are also useful for differentiating these soft tissue lesions.

Clinicopathological features of PD-L1 protein expression, EBV positivity, and MSI status in patients with advanced gastric and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma in Japan.

This real-world study examined the prevalence of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression and assessed the frequency of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) status and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity in Japanese patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. This multicenter (5 sites), retrospective, observational study (November 2018-March 2019) evaluated Japanese patients with advanced gastric and GEJ adenocarcinoma after surgical resection (Stage II/III at initial diagnosis) or unresectable advanced cancer (Stage IV). The primary objectives were prevalence of PD-L1 expression (combined positive score [CPS] ≥1), MSI status, and EBV positivity.

A p16 Positive M1 Oral Tongue Cancer Completely Responsive to the EXTREME Regimen: A Case Report.

Methods: A 42-year-old woman presented to our clinic with tongue pain and dysarthria. She had a smoking history of 22 pack-years and no history of alcohol consumption. A deep ulcer at the left side of the tongue and induration across the whole tongue were observed.

Immunohistochemical Marker Expression in Temporal Bone Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The correlation between genomic mutations (or the overexpression of abnormal proteins) and prognosis in temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is not clear. We investigated the overexpression of EGFR and p53 as a pathological biomarker for predicting the clinical course of patients with TBSCC.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 22 TBSCC cases treated in Tokai University Hospital between January 2005 and October 2016.

Sonographic appearance of syphilitic induration mimicking squamous cell carcinoma in the lower lip: a case report.

Background: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Recently, its incidence has been increasing worldwide. We encountered a young woman who presented with induration mimicking squamous cell carcinoma in the lower lip, without major medical conditions.

Myxofibrosarcoma that Developed Rapidly in the Breast of an Elderly Man and Recurred Early after Surgery: A Case Report.

Background: Myxofibrosarcoma is a rare disease occurring subcutaneously in the limbs. We report a case of a rapidly growing myxofibrosarcoma in the breast of an elderly man that recurred early after surgery.

Case Presentation: A 73-year-old man presented with a breast mass.

Correction to: Preventive effect of early introduction of everolimus and reduced‑exposure tacrolimus on renal interstitial fibrosis in de novo living‑donor renal transplant recipients.

In the Original publication of the article, the co-author name has been misspelled as "Yousuke Nakagawa".

Preventive effect of early introduction of everolimus and reduced-exposure tacrolimus on renal interstitial fibrosis in de novo living-donor renal transplant recipients.

Background: To improve the long-term outcomes following renal transplantation, prevention of renal-allograft interstitial fibrosis (IF), mainly due to calcineurin inhibitors, is an important therapeutic target. Everolimus (EVR) was reported to have antifibrotic effects. We aimed to investigate the safety, efficacy, and IF of our modified immunosuppressive regimen, which includes early introduction of EVR and reduced-exposure tacrolimus (Tac) (EVR group), and compare it with the standard-exposure tacrolimus-based regimen (Tac group) in de novo living-donor renal recipients.

[A Case of Long-Term Survival Following Two-Stage Surgery for Perforated Advanced Gastric Cancer Caused by Chemotherapy].

A 74-year-old man with bloody vomit was diagnosed as having clinical Stage Ⅳ advanced gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis around the abdominal aorta. Initially, for curative surgery, he was administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy. On day 32, in the second course of chemotherapy containing S-1 after 12 courses of chemotherapy containing S-1 and cisplatin, he developed pan-peritonitis owing to the perforation of gastric cancer caused by chemotherapy, and thus, we performed emergency omental implantation and peritoneal drainage.

An entire clinical course of mediastinal myxofibrosarcoma treated by surgery and radiation.

A woman in her 70s with an 8.6-cm tumor in the anterior mediastinum underwent tumor excision by median sternotomy, which combined resection of the fifth and sixth ribs. The pathological diagnosis was myxofibrosarcoma, and pathologically curative resection was accomplished.

Giant Pulmonary Hamartoma with Dominant CD34- Positive Smooth Muscle Cell Component.

Pulmonary hamartoma (PH) is usually a solid mass of less than 4 cm in size that contains cartilage omponents. A 44-year-old Japanese woman received surgical resection of a well-demarcated cystic tumor in the right lung. Resected tissue contained a 13 × 10 × 8 cm-sized solid mass with a prominent unilocular cyst (8 × 6.

Synchronous HPV-Related Cancer of Bilateral Tonsils Detected Using Transoral Endoscopic Examination with Narrow-Band Imaging.

Background: The incidence of human papillomavirus- (HPV-) related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has been rapidly increasing worldwide. HPV is reported in approximately 50% cases of OPSCC in Japan. However, there are few reports of synchronous bilateral HPV-positive tonsillar carcinoma, and, in almost all those cases, carcinoma was detected using positron emission tomography/computed tomography and/or bilateral tonsillectomy.

Salivary Duct Carcinoma with Invasive Micropapillary and Rhabdoid Feature Arising in the Submandibular Gland.

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a high-grade malignant salivary gland tumor associated with poor prognosis, frequent recurrence, and metastasis. An 82-year-old man presented at the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at Tokai University Hospital with a painless swelling in the right submandibular region that had been there for 20 years. On presentation, an elastic hard tumor, 50 × 50 mm in size, was observed in the submandibular region.

Reduced Expression of Hugl 1 Contributes to the Progression of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Cell polarity and cell-cell adhesion play a critical role in the regulation of normal tissue architecture and function. Disruption of cell adhesion and cell polarity is often associated with neoplastic tumors. Loss of apical-basal polarity in epithelial cells is one of the hallmarks of aggressive and invasive cancers.

The predictive role of infiltrative growth pattern in early pharyngeal cancers.

Conclusion: The infiltrative growth pattern may predict tumor depth and lymph node metastasis. INF-a seems to fall into a low-risk category, and no additional treatment may be required immediately.

Objectives: Tumor depth is a predictor of lymph node metastasis in early pharyngeal cancers.

Histiocytic Sarcoma Originating in the Lung in a 16-Year-Old Male.

We report a 16-year-old male with histiocytic sarcoma (HS) originating in the lung. Partial resection of the lung was performed for a 3-cm mass with a clear boundary detected in the right inferior pulmonary lobe on a health checkup. Histologically, the tumor infiltrated into the surrounding tissue, and was comprised of spindle cells, mainly, and foam cells accompanied by mild nuclear atypia.

The potential risk of vessel infiltration and cervical lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal superficial squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective observational study.

Conclusion: The depth of hypopharyngeal superficial cancer may predict vessel infiltration and potential risk of cervical lymph node metastasis.

Objectives: To elucidate the histopathological predictors of vessel infiltration and the risk of regional lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal superficial cancer.

Methods: This study included 31 lesions from 30 patients who had undergone transoral en bloc resection in the hospital.

Clinicopathological analysis of 502 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma with special interest to distant metastasis.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. Distant metastasis (DM) especially bone metastasis (BM) may reduce patients' quality of life and affects the clinical outcome. We performed clinicopathological analysis of 502 patients with OSCC undergoing radical surgery in order to evaluate the correlation values of clinicopathological features for OSCC with special interest in DM.