Probiotic Potential of Bacillus Subtilis Strain I3: Antagonistic Activity Against Chalkbrood Pathogen and Pesticide Degradation for Enhancing Honeybee Health.

To explore the potential of probiotic candidates beneficial for honeybee health through the modulation of the gut microbiome, bee gut microbes were isolated from bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) and honeybee (Apis mellifera) using diverse media and cultural conditions. A total of 77 bee gut bacteria, classified under the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, were identified. The antagonistic activity of the isolates against Ascosphaera apis, a fungal pathogen responsible for chalkbrood disease in honeybee larvae, was investigated.

Molecular docking and in vitro analysis of phytoextracts from B. serrata for antibacterial activities.

The bioactives of Boswellia serrata have a role in ulcer healing therapies. Eleven bioactive compounds were obtained by GC-MS among which Cholan-24-oic acid, 3,12-bis (acetyl oxy) has a high molecular weight of 490.6719 with a retention time of 26.

Whole genome analysis and homology modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Indian isolate reveals potent FDA approved drug choice for treating COVID-19.

Coronaviruses have caused enough devastation in the last two decades. These viruses have some rare features while sharing some common features. Novel coronavirus disease (nCoV-19) caused an outbreak with a fatality rate of 5%.

Quorum Sensing Inhibitory Potential and Molecular Docking Studies of Phyllanthus emblica Phytochemicals Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Phyllanthus emblica is a traditional medicinal plant that is endowed with curative properties including anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, and analgesic properties. Bacteria make use of cell-cell signaling system known as quorum sensing (QS) and respond to their own population. In most gram-negative bacteria, the transcriptional regulators belonging to the Lux R protein play a crucial role in the QS mechanism by detecting the presence of signaling molecules known as N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs).

Shotgun metagenomic analysis reveals the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements in full scale hospital wastewater treatment plants.

Wastewater treatment plants are considered as hotspots of emerging antimicrobial genes and mobile genetic elements. We used a shotgun metagenomic approach to examine the wide-spectrum profiles of ARGs (antibiotic resistance genes) and MGEs (mobile genetic elements) in activated sludge samples from two different hospital trains at the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Daegu, South Korea. The influent activated sludge and effluent of two trains (six samples in total) at WWTPs receiving domestic sewage wastewater (SWW) and hospital wastewater (HWW) samples collected at multiple periods were subjected to high throughput 16S rRNA metagenome sequencing for microbial community diversity.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential of Lupeol isolated from Indian traditional medicinal plant Crateva adansonii screened through in vivo and in silico approaches.

Background: Lupeol, a triterpene bioactive compound isolated from Indian traditional plant Crateva adansonii acted as promising and alternative anti-inflammatory agent to treatments of diseases related to inflammation. The inflammatory process in the body serves an important function in the control and repair of injury. However, it is self-perpetuating in number of disease conditions, which must be prevented and treated.

EzMAP: Easy Microbiome Analysis Platform.

Background: The rapid advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have revolutionized the microbiome research by greatly increasing our ability to understand diversity of microbes in a given sample. Over the past decade, several computational pipelines have been developed to efficiently process and annotate these microbiome data. However, most of these pipelines require an implementation of additional tools for downstream analyses as well as advanced programming skills.

Enhanced Supercapacitive Performance of Higher-Ordered 3D-Hierarchical Structures of Hydrothermally Obtained ZnCoO for Energy Storage Devices.

The demand for eco-friendly renewable energy resources as energy storage and management devices is increased due to their high-power density and fast charge/discharge capacity. Recently, supercapacitors have fascinated due to their fast charge-discharge capability and high-power density along with safety. Herein, the authors present the synthesis of 3D-hierarchical peony-like ZnCoO structures with 2D-nanoflakes by a hydrothermal method using polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Silver Quantum Dot Decorated 2D-SnO Nanoflakes for Photocatalytic Degradation of the Water Pollutant Rhodamine B.

Decoration of 2D semiconductor structures with heterogeneous metal quantum dots has attracted considerable attention due to advanced optical, electrical, and catalytic properties that result from the large surface-to-volume ratio associated with these structures. Herein, we report on silver quantum dot decorated 2D SnO nanoflakes for the photocatalytic abatement of water effluents, the synthesis of which was achieved through a straightforward and mild hydrothermal procedure. The photocatalysts were systematically investigated using UV-Vis, XRD, electron microscopy (SEM, HR-TEM), EDX, XPS and FTIR.

Draft Genome Sequences of and Causing Scab Diseases on Citrus.

and (phylum Ascomycota) are phytopathogenic fungi causing scab diseases on citrus plants. We report here the high-quality draft genome sequences and ab initio gene predictions of two strains and one strain, which differ in their host range. This genome sequence information will provide valuable resources to underpin genomic attributes for determining host range through comparative genomic analyses of citrus scab fungi.

Phylogenetic characterization of bacterial endophytes from four Pinus species and their nematicidal activity against the pine wood nematode.

Recently, bacterial endophytes (BEs) have gained importance in the agricultural sector for their use as biocontrol agents to manage plant pathogens. Outbreak of the pine wilt disease (PWD) in Korea has led researchers to test the feasibility of BEs in controlling the pine wood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. In this study, we have reported the diversity and biocontrol activity of BEs against the PWN.

Development of a Redox Dye-Based Rapid Colorimetric Assay for the Quantitation of Viability/Mortality of Pine Wilt Nematode.

Control of pine wilt disease, which is caused by pine wilt nematode, , is heavily dependent on the use of chemicals such as abamectin. Although such chemicals are highly effective, demands for alternatives that are derived preferentially from natural sources, are increasing out of environmental concerns. One of the challenges to discovery of alternative control agents is lack of fast and efficient screening method that can be used in high-throughput manner.

In Silico Identification of Potential Inhibitor Against a Fungal Histone Deacetylase, RPD3 from .

Histone acetylation and deacetylation play an essential role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are a group of zinc-binding metalloenzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl moieties from lysine residues from histone tails. These enzymes are well known for their wide spread biological effects in eukaryotes.

Application of docking and active site analysis for enzyme linked biodegradation of textile dyes.

Growth of textile industries led to production of enormous dye varieties. These textile dyes are largely used, chemically stable and easy to synthesize. But they are recalcitrant and persist as less biodegradable pollutants when discharged into waterbodies.

Identification of Potential Nematicidal Compounds against the Pine Wood Nematode, through an Approach.

is a destructive phytophagous nematode that mainly infects pine species and causes pine wilt disease (PWD). PWD is one of the most devastating diseases that has damaged the pine forests of eastern Asia and Portugal for the last four decades. infects healthy pine trees through beetles and its subsequent proliferation results in destruction of the infected pine trees.

Genomic Insights into Nematicidal Activity of a Bacterial Endophyte, MG against Pine Wilt Nematode.

Pine wilt disease, caused by the nematode , is one of the most devastating conifer diseases decimating several species of pine trees on a global scale. Here, we report the draft genome of MG, which is isolated from mountain-cultivated ginseng plant as an bacterial endophyte and shows nematicidal activity against . Our analysis of MG genome showed that it possesses many genes encoding potential nematicidal factors in addition to some secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters that may contribute to the observed nematicidal activity of the strain.

Computer-Aided Drug Discovery in Plant Pathology.

Control of plant diseases is largely dependent on use of agrochemicals. However, there are widening gaps between our knowledge on plant diseases gained from genetic/mechanistic studies and rapid translation of the knowledge into target-oriented development of effective agrochemicals. Here we propose that the time is ripe for computer-aided drug discovery/design (CADD) in molecular plant pathology.

Positive regulatory role of sound vibration treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana against Botrytis cinerea infection.

Sound vibration (SV), a mechanical stimulus, can trigger various molecular and physiological changes in plants like gene expression, hormonal modulation, induced antioxidant activity and calcium spiking. It also alters the seed germination and growth of plants. In this study, we investigated the effects of SV on the resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana against Botrytis cinerea infection.

Drug-Target Interactions: Prediction Methods and Applications.

Identifying the interactions between drugs and target proteins is a key step in drug discovery. This not only aids to understand the disease mechanism, but also helps to identify unexpected therapeutic activity or adverse side effects of drugs. Hence, drug-target interaction prediction becomes an essential tool in the field of drug repurposing.

Relative Expression of Low Molecular Weight Protein, Tyrosine Phosphatase (Wzb Gene) of Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 Toward Arsenic Stress and Molecular Modeling.

This study investigated the expression rate and molecular modeling of Wzb gene, a low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase, under As stress in Herbaspirillum sp. GW103. Expression of Wzb gene was quantified at transcriptional level through real-time quantitative PCR.

Prediction of drug-resistance using genotypic and docking analysis among anti-retroviral therapy naïve and first-line treatment failures in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.

The emergence of drug resistance among HIV-positive patients undergoing Anti- Retroviral Therapy (ART) with poor adherence to the HAART is a major concern in India. As the HIV accumulates the key mutations, the drug resistance occurs, that pose challenges to the ART regimens currently being used. Thus, the present study was carried out among the ART- naïve patients attending ART Centre at Salem district, Tamil Nadu, India.

Identification of potent inhibitors for Salmonella typhimurium quorum sensing via virtual screening and pharmacophore modeling.

The quorum sensing (QS) enhanced transcriptional regulator SdiA of S. typhimurium is the best known and potential target and responds to a broad range of AHLs and AHL analogs. On the other hand, in many gram-negative bacteria including S.

Molecular modeling and active site analysis of SdiA homolog, a putative quorum sensor for Salmonella typhimurium pathogenecity reveals specific binding patterns of AHL transcriptional regulators.

Salmonella typhimurium is a Gram-negative bacterium responsible for human diseases including gastroenteritis and typhoid fever and its quorum sensing system is currently being intensively researched. Molecular modeling and binding site analysis of SdiA homolog, a putative quorum sensor of the LuxR family and responsible for S. typhimurium pathogenecity revealed a high structural homology of their active site with three other LuxR family proteins LasR from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, TraR from Agrobacterium tumifaciens and CviR from Chromobacterium violaceum.