Characterizing Granuloma Annulare in 73 Pediatric Patients.

Background: Granuloma annulare (GA) is a common, benign, idiopathic inflammatory dermatosis. Aside from case reports and small studies, there are limited data about the characteristics of GA in children.

Objective: This study aimed to better characterize the epidemiologic and clinical features, triggering factors, disease associations, and outcomes of GA in the pediatric population.

A case of severe nivolumab-induced lichen planus pemphigoides in a child with metastatic spitzoid melanoma.

Dermatologic reactions are among the most common adverse events of antiprogrammed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1) monoclonal antibodies agents and include maculopapular rash, psoriasiform rash, lichenoid eruptions, autoimmune bullous disorders, and vitiligo. Here, we present a case of a 12-year-old African American male with metastatic spitzoid melanoma treated with nivolumab who developed a mild lichenoid eruption that progressed to a severe case of lichen planus pemphigoides (LPP). Management was complex given the patient's age and history and included hospitalization for intravenous steroids, an intensive topical steroid regimen, methotrexate, and discontinuation of nivolumab.

Prominent B-Cell Signature Differentiates Discoid from Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus.

Although B cells account for a significant proportion of the lymphocytic infiltrate in discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), their contribution to pathogenesis is unknown. In this study, we compare the immune landscape of 17 subjects with DLE with that of 21 subjects with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus using transcriptomic and histologic analyses of lesional skin. A few of the subjects (3 of 17 subjects with DLE, and 5 of 21 subjects with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus) had concomitant systemic lupus erythematosus.

Prurigo pigmentosa in a patient with newly diagnosed type one diabetes with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Prurigo pigmentosa is a rare inflammatory cutaneous disorder associated with ketosis that resolves with reticulate hyperpigmentation. A 19-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis. He also had developed reticulate papules coalescing into plaques over the posterior neck, back, and abdomen.

Painful Purulent Nodules Caused by Mycobacterium at Site of Lipodissolve Injections.

"Lipodissolve" (LD) is a non-FDA-approved solution of phosphatidylcholine in deoxycholate that was developed around 2004. A study of its safety reported minor and uncommon side effects including pain, tender nodules, pigmentary alterations, and ulceration at the site of injection. We present a 53-year-old woman who received LD injections bilaterally to her proximal arms.

Characterization of the CpG Island Hypermethylated Phenotype Subclass in Primary Melanomas.

Cutaneous melanoma can be lethal even if detected at an early stage. Epigenetic profiling may facilitate the identification of aggressive primary melanomas with unfavorable outcomes. We performed clustering of whole-genome methylation data to identify subclasses that were then assessed for survival, clinical features, methylation patterns, and biological pathways.

A Young Boy With Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Presenting With Vaccine-Related Granulomatous Dermatitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Cutaneous eruptions associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) have been reported in 6%-63% of patients. Clinical findings of these skin lesions vary widely and include maculopapular rashes, ulcers, and violaceous nodules. Corresponding histologic findings are also variable and are considered nonspecific.

Concordance of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Histologic Grading Among Dermatopathologists and Mohs Surgeons.

Background: Current staging systems for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) incorporate histologic grade. There are no universally agreed on criteria to define differentiation for cSCC.

Objective: To determine the interrater and intrarater reliability among dermatopathologists and Mohs surgeons in grading histological differentiation for cSCC.

Picomets: Assessing single and few cell metastases in melanoma sentinel lymph node biopsies.

Background: Lymph node involvement is a significant prognostic factor for melanoma. Both number of positive nodes and disease burden within a lymph node affects survival. However, the significance of few tumor cells within a single node and subsequent optimal management remains without consensus.

A Rare Case of Porocarcinoma and Trichoblastoma Arising in a Nevus Sebaceus of Jadassohn.

Nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn, or "organoid nevus," is a common, benign hamartoma of the skin consisting of epithelial and adnexal components. Its natural history and association with neoplastic growths is well documented. The majority of concomitant neoplasms are benign-trichoblastoma and syringocystadenoma papilliferum are most frequently discovered-but malignant tumors have been described.

Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with levamisole-adulterated cocaine in a c-ANCA positive patient.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an inflammatory, ulcerative condition that is characterized by painful ulcers that commonly present on the lower extremities. Up to half of PG cases are associated with underlying systemic disease, including inflammatory bowel disease, various autoimmune conditions, and malignancy. Another well-known association is the manifestation of PG with recreational cocaine use, especially cocaine contaminated with the adulterant agent levamisole.

Autologous Stem Cell Rescue recipient with neutrophil tissue delivery detected prior to blood engraftment: a case report.

Neutrophil recovery after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) is affirmed with achievement of an Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) of ≥500/uL. There is growing evidence that neutrophils may be observed despite undetectable peripheral ANC counts following autologous hematopoietic cell transplant and are preferentially delivered to sites of inflammation. We report an interesting case that confirms neutrophil tissue delivery to the skin two days prior to evidence of blood engraftment after an auto-HCT.

Putting the Pieces Into Place: A Case of Systemic Polyarteritis Nodosa.

This is a case of systemic polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) in a 43-year-old male who initially presented to the hospital with a puzzling collection of signs and symptoms, including fever, arthralgias, myalgias, abdominal pain, dark urine, and rash. His illness evolved over the course of four weeks, and skin biopsy helped to clinch the diagnosis and lead to appropriate treatment. It is important to consider systemic PAN in the work-up of patients with subtle skin findings in the context of seemingly unrelated constitutional, abdominal, genitourinary, cardiac, and neurological signs and symptoms.

Primary Syphilis Presenting As a Chronic Lip Ulcer.

Syphilis is usually a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Primary syphilis classically presents as a painless, ulcerated lesion on the genitals. However, the primary lesion is not restricted to this site and appears wherever the spirochete enters through the skin.