Bactericidal activity of meropenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Ten strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that were susceptible to imipenem (MICs 2 mg/l) were exposed to a new parenteral carbapenem, meropenem (MIC 0.25 mg/l). Kinetic turbidometry showed that, as with other beta-lactam antibiotics, there was a prelytic increase in the culture OD following exposure to meropenem.

Gardnerella vaginalis bacteremia from pulmonary abscess in a male alcohol abuser.

A case of Gardnerella vaginalis bacteremia is reported. This bacteremia occurred in a male alcohol abuser who developed definite signs of pulmonary abscess and empyema. Streptococcus milleri grew from another blood culture, but Gardnerella vaginalis was also isolated from a bronchoscopic aspirate and pleural drainage sample as part of mixed flora containing anaerobes, Streptococcus species, Neisseria sicca, and a Haemophilus sp.

In-vitro activity of lomefloxacin in comparison with pefloxacin and ofloxacin.

The in-vitro activity of lomefloxacin (SC 47111, NY-198) was investigated by the determination of MICs in agar and in broth, of MBCs in broth, of killing curves and of the duration of the post-antibiotic effect. MICs measured in broth and in agar were almost identical. Lomefloxacin was two- to eight-fold less active against Gram-positive bacteria than ofloxacin.

[Clinical, endoscopic and histologic findings in 1,100 patients of whom 574 were colonized by Campylobacter pylori].

Of 1,100 patients checked by at least two diagnostic tests (urease, histology, culture) 574 (52.1 p. 100) were found to have Campylobacter pylori (C.

Correlation between the growth and killing curves of Escherichia coli in the presence of cefotetan or piperacillin.

Escherichia coli strains that were susceptible to multiple antibiotics were exposed to cefotetan and piperacillin. As with the majority of beta-lactam antibiotics, the growth curves showed an increase in optical density (OD) due to an increasing volume of cell-wall-deficient bacteria during the first hours before lysis. This increase in OD depended on the concentration of cefotetan and was less dependent on the concentration of piperacillin.

In vitro activity of amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid and ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid compared with that of other antibiotics against anaerobic bacteria.

The activity of amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin) and ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (Timentin) was tested against 303 unselected clinical anaerobic isolates recently collected in seven Belgian university hospitals and compared with that of 11 other antimicrobial agents. Bacteroides spp. accounted for 52.

The reliability of urease tests, histology and culture in the diagnosis of Campylobacter pylori infection.

The accuracy of various staining techniques for immersion microscopy, of five media for culture and five urease test modalities for the detection of Campylobacter pylori infection is reported. It was found that 2% urea unbuffered gel preparation is the most accurate urease test (sensitivity: 89%, specificity: 98%) but a minimal amount of 10,000 CFU/ml is necessary to observe positivity and the sensitivity of urease tests drops to 52% in patients under antimicrobial treatment. For histological diagnosis, modified Giemsa staining was shown to be slightly superior to H&E.

Protective effect of amdinocillin against emergence of resistance to ceftazidime in Enterobacter cloacae.

Enterobacter cloacae infections have been shown clinically to respond less reliably to monotherapy with broad-spectrum cephalosporins than was initially expected. Selection of populations producing high levels of beta-lactamase has been shown to be the most frequent reason for treatment failure, and the use of these agents with another active antibiotic is recommended. In this study, E.

Rate of bactericidal activity for Branhamella catarrhalis of fleroxacin compared with that of amoxycillin-clavulanic acid.

The rate of bactericidal activity of fleroxacin was compared with that of the combination of amoxycillin and clavulanic acid (in the proportion of 4 to 1) on beta-lactamase producing strains of Branhamella catarrhalis. The rate of bactericidal activity of 1 mg/l was as rapid as that of 1 mg/l of amoxycillin-clavulanic acid combination. This rate was not significantly more rapid if the concentrations of fleroxacin were increased to 10 mg/l.

Campylobacter pylori-associated gastritis: attempts to eradicate the bacteria by various antibiotics and anti-ulcer regimens.

The efficacy of various antimicrobial and anti-ulcer agents on the eradication of Campylobacter pylori in patients with antral gastritis or duodenal ulcers was investigated by several open studies or double-blind, placebo-controlled protocols. Among the anti-ulcer agents, ranitidine, cimetidine or sucraflate had no effect on C. pylori.

Susceptibility of clinical isolates of Campylobacter pylori to 24 antimicrobial and anti-ulcer agents.

Forty-nine isolates of Campylobacter pylori were tested for their susceptibility to twenty antibiotics and four anti-ulcer agents by an agar dilution technique. Penicillin and amoxycillin were the most active drugs (MIC90, 0.06 microgram/ml); erythromycin, cefazolin, minocycline, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and gentamicin were slightly less active (MIC90, less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml).

Campylobacter pylori-associated gastritis: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial with amoxycillin.

We randomly assigned 45 adult patients with Campylobacter pylori-confirmed antral gastritis to 8 days of treatment with 1 g amoxycillin suspension twice a day, or placebo, according to a double-blind study design. At the end of therapy, 91% of patients treated with amoxycillin demonstrated clearance of the organism from the antrum, compared with 16% in the placebo group (p less than 0.001).

In vitro susceptibility of Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxidans to 24 antimicrobial agents.

The in vitro susceptibilities of 37 clinical isolates of Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxidans to 24 antimicrobial agents were determined. Imipenem was the only drug with consistent activity (MIC for 90% of isolates, 2 micrograms/ml).

Enoxacin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: a comparison with amoxycillin.

A total of 43 hospitalized adult patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis due to Gram-negative bacteria were randomized to receive either enoxacin (400 mg bd) or amoxycillin (1,000 mg tid) for 7-12 days. Micro-organisms isolated included 24 Haemophilus influenzae (three beta-lactamases positive), 11 Branhamella catarrhalis (six beta-lactamase positive), two Pseudomonas aeruginosa and two Neisseria meningitidis in 37 evaluable patients. In the enoxacin group (23 patients) 82.

Bactericidal effect and regrowth of Streptococcus faecalis exposed to amoxicillin following beta-lactamase.

Streptococcus faecalis usually requires high concentrations of penicillin or ampicillin to achieve killing (i.e. a high MBC/MIC ratio).

Rate of bactericidal activity for Branhamella catarrhalis of a new macrolide, CP-62,993, compared with that of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.

The rate of bactericidal activity of a new macrolide, CP-62,993, was compared with that of the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (in the proportion of 4 to 1) on strains of Branhamella catarrhalis beta-lactamase producers. The antibacterial activity of CP-62,993 was bacterostatic at 0.01 micrograms/ml.

Selection and counting of aerobic gram-negative bacilli in saliva by the spiral system.

A four-month pilot study involving 100 volunteers, 100 hospitalised patients not on antibiotics and 100 patients on antibiotics was performed using a non labor-intensive system involving inoculator, laser colony counter and 14-cm petri dishes containing MacConkey medium to determine the number of aerobic gram-negative bacilli present in saliva. All colonies greater than or equal to 0.75 mm in diameter were found to be aerobic gram-negative bacteria.

In-vitro activity of two new carbapenems FCE 22101 and CGP 31608 in comparison with imipenem.

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of two new penems, CGP 31608 and FCE 22101 were evaluated against 993 aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and compared with imipenem. FCE 22101 was usually two to eight-fold more active than CGP 31608 except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa against which FCE 22101 was inactive. Both new penems were less active than imipenem.