One-step vs 2-step gestational diabetes mellitus screening and pregnancy outcomes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing maternal and neonatal outcomes of patients screened with the 1-step or 2-step screening method for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov, and LILACS were searched from inception up to September 2022.

Inhibition of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase by Pictilisib Blocks Influenza Virus Propagation in Cells and in Lungs of Infected Mice.

Influenza virus (IV) infections are considered to cause severe diseases of the respiratory tract. Beyond mild symptoms, the infection can lead to respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. Occurrence of resistant seasonal and pandemic strains against the currently licensed antiviral medications points to the urgent need for new and amply available anti-influenza drugs.

Surface precipitation of Mn on clay minerals enhances Cd sorption under anoxic conditions.

The influence of Mn on the sorption of metal(loid)s onto clay minerals is still unclear despite its relevance in suboxic and anoxic environments which often exhibit elevated dissolved Mn concentrations. In this study, the effects of Mn on Cd sorption to two types of clay minerals, a well-crystalline natural kaolinite (KGa-1b) and a synthetic montmorillonite (Syn-1), were investigated. Batch experiments on Mn and Cd sorption to Ca-saturated KGa-1b and Syn-1 were conducted under anoxic conditions.

Lung Infection Results in Down-Regulation of Surfactant Protein-A Mainly Caused by Pro-Inflammatory Macrophages.

Pneumonia is the leading cause of hospitalization worldwide. Besides viruses, bacterial co-infections dramatically exacerbate infection. In general, surfactant protein-A (SP-A) represents a first line of immune defense.

The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in HSV-1-infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Infections with the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) are common and widespread. Most infections remain undetected but severe forms may develop in newborns and in immunocompromised patients. Moreover, HSV-1 might be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, which may include viral infection of the endothelium.

Next generation sequencing as second-tier test in high-throughput newborn screening for nephropathic cystinosis.

Nephropathic cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder, which causes loss of renal proximal tubular function and progressive loss of glomerular function, finally leading to end stage renal failure at school age. In the course of the disease most patients will need kidney transplantation if treatment has not been started before clinical manifestation. With an effective treatment available, a newborn screening assay is highly demanded.

Tungsten carbide nanoparticles show a broad spectrum virucidal activity against enveloped and nonenveloped model viruses using a guideline-standardized in vitro test.

Five tungsten carbide nanoparticle preparations (denoted WC1-WC5) were investigated for broad spectrum virucidal activity against four recommended model viruses. These are modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5), poliovirus type 1 (PV-1) and murine norovirus (MNV). All virucidal tests were performed two to five times using the quantitative suspension test, which is a highly standardized test method to evaluate the virucidal efficacy of disinfectants in accordance with the European norm EN 14476+A1 and the German DVV/RKI guidelines.

High-throughput genetic newborn screening for spinal muscular atrophy by rapid nucleic acid extraction from dried blood spots and 384-well qPCR.

Establishing nucleic acid-based assays for genetic newborn screening (NBS) provides the possibility to screen for genetically encoded diseases like spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), best before the onset of symptoms. Such assays should be easily scalable to 384-well reactions that make the screening of up to 2000 samples per day possible. We developed a test procedure based on a cleanup protocol for dried blood spots and a quantitative (q)PCR to screen for a homozygous deletion of exon 7 of the survival of motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1) that is responsible for >95% of SMA patients.

A rarity in breast pathology: First recurrent male case of Rosai-Dorfman disease.

Introduction: Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD) is a rare pathological finding in the breast. Although it is usually palpated as a breast mass, it can be identified on ultrasound or mammogram. The hallmark of the disease is histiocytes with emperipolesis.

Clinical Outcome After Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Diabetes with Major Ischemic Stroke of the Anterior Circulation.

Background: Among patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT), patients with diabetes (DP) show a poorer outcome compared with patients without diabetes (NDP). This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of factors associated with unfavorable outcome in DP receiving MT for stroke of the anterior circulation.

Methods: This study included 317 of 498 consecutive patients who received interventional treatment for acute ischemic stroke in the terminal internal carotid artery and/or middle cerebral artery, including 46 DP.

Influence of sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling on HCMV replication in human embryonal lung fibroblasts.

The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common pathogen, which causes severe or even deadly diseases in immunocompromised patients. In addition, congenital HCMV infection represents a major health concern affecting especially the lung tissue of the susceptible individuals. Antivirals are a useful strategy to treat HCMV-caused diseases.

Triple negative invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast presents as small bowel obstruction.

Metastasis from breast carcinoma to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is very uncommon. To date, only a few cases have been described worldwide. Of those which do metastasize to the GIT, only estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2-neu receptor positive cancers have been reported and none have been mentioned in the U.

Novel method for genotyping clinical herpes simplex virus type 1 isolates.

Up to now, three distinct genotypes, A, B and C, of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), based on polymorphisms in the US4 and US7 genes, have been reported. Here, we propose to include an additional polymorphism of the US2 gene. The refined genotyping method was validated using 423 clinical isolates from patients with different HSV-1 diseases.

Simvastatin treatment showed no prophylactic effect in influenza virus-infected mice.

Simvastatin, a cholesterol-lowering drug, is reported to have immunomodulatory properties that attenuated acute lung injury independent of their major lipid lowering effects. Based on these reports, simvastatin is expected to be used for influenza prophylaxis and treatment. The present study evaluated the efficacy of simvastatin against influenza A/PR/8/34 virus infection in a murine model.

Search for photon-linelike signatures from dark matter annihilations with H.E.S.S.

Gamma-ray line signatures can be expected in the very-high-energy (E(γ)>100 GeV) domain due to self-annihilation or decay of dark matter (DM) particles in space. Such a signal would be readily distinguishable from astrophysical γ-ray sources that in most cases produce continuous spectra that span over several orders of magnitude in energy. Using data collected with the H.

Does limited virucidal activity of biocides include duck hepatitis B virucidal action?

Background: There is agreement that the infectivity assay with the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) is a suitable surrogate test to validate disinfectants for hepatitis B virucidal activity. However, since this test is not widely used, information is necessary whether disinfectants with limited virucidal activity also inactivate DHBV. In general, disinfectants with limited virucidal activity are used for skin and sensitive surfaces while agents with full activity are more aggressive.

Search for a dark matter annihilation signal from the galactic center halo with H.E.S.S.

A search for a very-high-energy (VHE; ≥100  GeV) γ-ray signal from self-annihilating particle dark matter (DM) is performed towards a region of projected distance r∼45-150  pc from the Galactic center. The background-subtracted γ-ray spectrum measured with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a safe and effective bariatric procedure for the lower BMI (35.0-43.0 kg/m2) population.

Background: The laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is derived from the biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch operation (Marceau et al., Obes Surg 3:29-35, 1993; Hess and Hess, Obes Surg 8:267-82, 1998; Chu et al., Surg Endosc 16:S069, 2002).

Cardioprotective effect of NO-metoprolol in murine coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis.

The effect of NO-metoprolol, that is, 3-nitrooxypivaloyl metoprolol-amide, a novel NO-releasing derivative of the β1-blocking drug metoprolol was investigated in A.CA/SnJ mice infected with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and compared to metoprolol and placebo. Daily treatment of mice with the respective drug started immediately (experiment A) or 3 days after virus infection (experiment B) and was continued until day 13 post-infection (p.

Low level myocardial parvovirus B19 persistence is a frequent finding in patients with heart disease but unrelated to ongoing myocardial injury.

While myocardial parvovirus B19 (B19V), aside from enteroviruses (EV) and adenoviruses (ADV), has recently been found often in patients with myocarditis and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC), the pathogenetic significance of B19V genomes in those patients has not yet been sufficiently elucidated. In the present study, left ventricular endomyocardial biopsies from 24 patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) below 55% due to IDC, and tissue from the right atrial appendage of 10 control patients undergoing bypass surgery with normal LVEF (>55%) were investigated for B19V, ADV, and EV genomes by specific nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), by real time PCR or by reverse-transcription PCR, respectively. The myocardial tissue samples from the 10 controls were analyzed each in three different virological laboratories for B19V.

Detection of gamma rays from a starburst galaxy.

Starburst galaxies exhibit in their central regions a highly increased rate of supernovae, the remnants of which are thought to accelerate energetic cosmic rays up to energies of approximately 10(15) electron volts. We report the detection of gamma rays--tracers of such cosmic rays--from the starburst galaxy NGC 253 using the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.

Radio imaging of the very-high-energy gamma-ray emission region in the central engine of a radio galaxy.

The accretion of matter onto a massive black hole is believed to feed the relativistic plasma jets found in many active galactic nuclei (AGN). Although some AGN accelerate particles to energies exceeding 10(12) electron volts and are bright sources of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission, it is not yet known where the VHE emission originates. Here we report on radio and VHE observations of the radio galaxy Messier 87, revealing a period of extremely strong VHE gamma-ray flares accompanied by a strong increase of the radio flux from its nucleus.