The VASCERN PPL working group patient pathway for primary and paediatric lymphoedema.

Lymphoedema is caused by an imbalance between fluid production and transport by the lymphatic system. This imbalance can be either caused by reduced transport capacity of the lymphatic system or too much fluid production and leads to swelling associated with tissue changes (skin thickening, fat deposition). Its main common complication is the increased risk of developing cellulitis/erysipelas in the affected area, which can worsen the lymphatic function and can be the cause of raised morbidity of the patient if not treated correctly/urgently.

Mitochondria-targeted melatonin photorelease supports the presence of melatonin MT1 receptors in mitochondria inhibiting respiration.

The presence of signaling-competent G protein-coupled receptors in intracellular compartments is increasingly recognized. Recently, the presence of G protein-coupled melatonin MT receptors in mitochondria has been revealed, in addition to the plasma membrane. Melatonin is highly cell permeant, activating plasma membrane and mitochondrial receptors equally.

Luminogenic HiBiT Peptide-Based NanoBRET Ligand Binding Assays for Melatonin Receptors.

The two human melatonin receptors MT and MT, which belong to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, are important drug targets with approved indications for circadian rhythm- and sleep-related disorders and major depression. Currently, most of the pharmacological studies were performed using [H]melatonin and 2-[I]iodomelatonin (2-[I]-MLT) radioligands. Recently, NanoLuc-based bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (NanoBRET) monitoring competitive binding between fluorescent tracers and unmodified test compounds has emerged as a sensitive, nonradioactive alternative for quantifying GPCR ligand engagement on the surface of living cells in equilibrium and real time.

Design and Validation of the First Family of Photo-Activatable Ligands for Melatonin Receptors.

Melatonin is a neurohormone released in a circadian manner with peak levels at night. Melatonin mediates its effects mainly through G protein-coupled MT and MT receptors. Drugs acting on melatonin receptors are indicated for circadian rhythm- and sleep-related disorders.