Sustainable business models: systematic approach toward successful ambulatory care pharmacy practice.

Purpose: This article discusses considerations for making ambulatory care pharmacist services at least cost neutral and, ideally, generate a margin that allows for service expansion.

Summary: The four pillars of business sustainability are leadership, staffing, information technology, and compensation. A key facet of leadership in ambulatory care pharmacy practice is creating and expressing a clear vision for pharmacists' services.

A primer for developing pharmacist-managed clinics in the outpatient setting.

Pharmacist-managed clinics exist in many practice settings, such as physician offices, hospital-based outpatient clinics, and pharmacies. This article is intended to serve as a primer for pharmacists who wish to establish clinical pharmacy services in these settings. Recommendations for beginning this process are delineated.