A comprehensive analysis of SOX17 expression by immunohistochemistry in human epithelial tumors, with an emphasis on gynecologic tumors.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate SOX17, a transcription factor from the Sry high-mobility group-related box superfamily, as a diagnostic marker to determine site of origin using both whole-tissue sections and tissue microarrays (TMAs).

Methods: SOX17 immunohistochemistry was performed on gynecologic and nongynecologic tissues (N = 1004) using whole-tissue sections and both internally constructed and commercially available TMAs. SOX17 nuclear reactivity was scored as positive or negative on the whole-tissue sections and using the semiquantitative H score method on TMAs.

Immunohistochemical Profile of Triple-Negative Breast Cancers: SOX10 and AR Dual Negative Tumors Have Worse Outcomes.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) refers to an estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, and HER2-negative breast cancer. Although accepted as a clinically valid category, TNBCs are heterogeneous at the histologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular levels. Gene expression profiling studies have molecularly classified TNBCs into multiple groups, but the prognostic significance is unclear except for a relatively good prognosis for the luminal androgen receptor subtype.

Upgrade Rates of Variant Lobular Carcinoma In Situ Compared to Classic Lobular Carcinoma In Situ Diagnosed in Core Needle Biopsies: A 10-Year Single Institution Retrospective Study.

The primary aim of this study was to determine the upgrade rates of variant lobular carcinoma in situ (V-LCIS, ie, combined florid [F-LCIS] and pleomorphic [P-LCIS]) compared with classic LCIS (C-LCIS) when diagnosed on core needle biopsy (CNB). The secondary goal was to determine the rate of progression/development of invasive carcinoma on long-term follow-up after primary excision. After institutional review board approval, our institutional pathology database was searched for patients with "pure" LCIS diagnosed on CNB who underwent subsequent excision.

Diabetic Fibrous Mastopathy: Imaging Features With Histopathologic Correlation.

Diabetic fibrous mastopathy (DFM) is a rare benign fibrotic disease of the breast that develops in patients with longstanding and often uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Clinically, patients may present with an irregular, firm, palpable mass, which may be solitary or multiple, occurring in one or both breasts. Diabetic fibrous mastopathy occurs most often in premenopausal women with heterogeneously or extremely dense breasts; mammography may show focal asymmetry or, less often, a noncalcified mass with indistinct or obscured margins, but there are usually no discrete findings.

Tubular Adenoma of the Breast: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation.

Breast tubular adenomas (TAs) are rare, benign glandular epithelial tumors that arise from a proliferation of acini in the terminal duct lobular units. In the literature, 40 TA cases have previously been reported, and we describe 5 additional cases in this article. In the small number of reported cases, TAs present most often in women of reproductive age but may also occur in postmenopausal women.

Utility of TRPS1 immunohistochemistry in confirming breast carcinoma: Emphasis on staining in triple-negative breast cancers and gynecologic tumors.

Objectives: Our aim was to explore the performance of TRPS1 as an immunohistochemical diagnostic marker; find the optimal conditions for its use in breast carcinomas, especially triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs); and compare its results in carcinomas of a select few organ sites, with an emphasis on gynecologic tumors.

Methods: Tissue microarrays from breast carcinomas (n = 197), endometrial adenocarcinomas (n = 69), ovarian tumors (n = 250), vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (n = 97), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (n = 20), and gastric adenocarcinomas (n = 12) were stained with TRPS1 using 2 different conditions (protocol 1: high pH; protocol 2: low pH). Breast carcinomas consisted of hormone receptor (HR)-positive/ERBB2 (formerly HER2 or HER2/neu)-negative (n = 53) samples, HR-positive/ERBB2-positive (n = 6) samples, and TNBCs (n = 138).

Changes over time in papanicolaou cytology test and HPV test in a large women's academic center laboratory.

Introduction: In the past 2 decades, cervical cancer screening guidelines in the United States have undergone numerous revisions with recent greater emphasis on primary high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing.

Materials And Methods: We examine the trends of Papanicolaou test and hrHPV testing at our large academic center across 4 years (2006, 2011, 2016, and 2021) over a 15-year period. The number of ThinPrep Papanicolaou and hrHPV tests, as well as the triggers for HPV testing, were retrospectively analyzed.

Ovarian serous borderline tumor with mural nodules of anaplastic carcinoma and omental involvement: A case report.

Mural nodules are rarely identified in cystic ovarian neoplasms, and have been categorized into sarcoma-like, sarcomatous, and anaplastic carcinomatous types. Most reports of these mural nodules have been described in mucinous ovarian tumors. In this case report, we describe an ovarian serous borderline tumor with mural nodules composed of high-grade carcinoma with anaplastic features and necrosis, including the morphologic features, immunoprofile, and results of tumor DNA sequencing.

The Utility of SOX10 Immunohistochemical Staining in Breast Pathology.

Objectives: SOX10 expression helps identify melanocytic lesions. Over time, novel uses have been identified, such as expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We evaluated the usefulness of SOX10 in breast pathology-specifically, identification and subtyping of TNBC and distinction from gynecologic carcinomas, use as a myoepithelial marker, and in the distinction of usual ductal hyperplasia (UDH) from atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH).

Nipple Adenoma: Correlation of Imaging Findings and Histopathology.

Nipple adenomas (NAs) are benign neoplasms composed of papillary hyperplasia of the epithelium of the major lactiferous ducts. Patients with NA may report bloody nipple discharge and clinically may resemble Paget disease, raising concern for malignancy. Mammographically, NAs are often occult.

Prognostic Significance of Three-Tiered World Health Organization Classification of Phyllodes Tumor and Correlation to Singapore General Hospital Nomogram.

Objectives: Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are categorized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as benign, borderline, and malignant. Singapore General Hospital (SGH) nomogram is a recurrence risk assessment tool for PT, which uses cytologic atypia, mitosis, stromal overgrowth, and the surgical margin status. We studied the prognostic significance of WHO classification and its correlation to the SGH nomogram.

Clinical-pathologic characteristics and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative low Ki-67 proliferation (TNLP) breast cancers.

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) often have a high Ki-67 proliferation index and respond favorably to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) with pathologic complete response (pCR) resulting in ~40% of cases. Nevertheless, morbidity/mortality remain high, mostly due to recurrence in patients with residual disease. In contrast, the incidence and clinical features of TNBC with low proliferation (TNLP), defined as TNBC with a Ki-67 index of ≤30% remains unknown.

Granular Cell Tumor of the Breast: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation.

Granular cell tumor (GCT) is an uncommon neoplasm arising from perineural Schwann cells that can arise anywhere in the body and is particularly rare in the breast. Imaging typically shows an irregular, noncalcified mass with high density on mammography and intense posterior shadowing on US that mimics malignancy. Benign GCTs can be locally aggressive and invade the skin or chest wall.

Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast: Imaging Features with Histopathologic Correlation.

Encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) is a rare, clinically indolent breast malignancy most common in postmenopausal women. Absence of myoepithelial cells at the periphery is a characteristic feature. Mammographically, EPC typically presents as a mostly circumscribed, noncalcified, dense mass that can have focally indistinct margins when there is associated frank invasive carcinoma.

The healthcare value of the Magee Decision Algorithm™: use of Magee Equations™ and mitosis score to safely forgo molecular testing in breast cancer.

Magee Equations™ are multivariable models that can estimate oncotype DX® Recurrence Score, and Magee Equation 3 has been shown to have chemopredictive value in the neoadjuvant setting as a standalone test. The current study tests the accuracy of Magee Decision Algorithm™ using a large in-house database. According to the algorithm, if all Magee Equation scores are <18, or 18-25 with a mitosis score of 1, then oncotype testing is not required as the actual oncotype recurrence score is expected to be ≤25 (labeled "do not send").

Diagnostic Performance of MRI, Molecular Breast Imaging, and Contrast-enhanced Mammography in Women with Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer.

Background Staging newly diagnosed breast cancer by using dynamic contrast material-enhanced MRI is limited by access, high cost, and false-positive findings. The utility of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) and Tc sestamibi-based molecular breast imaging (MBI) in this setting is largely unknown. Purpose To compare extent-of-disease assessments by using MRI, CEM, and MBI versus pathology in women with breast cancer.

Metaplastic breast carcinoma: a clinical-pathologic study of 97 cases with subset analysis of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Metaplastic breast carcinoma is a rare heterogeneous category of breast cancer, often associated with a poor prognosis. Clinical-pathologic studies with respect to varied morphologic subtypes are lacking. There is also a dearth of studies assessing the response of metaplastic breast carcinoma to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Upgrade Rate and Imaging Features of Atypical Apocrine Lesions.

The purpose of our work was to identify imaging features of atypical apocrine lesions and determine the rate of upgrade to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive carcinoma at excision after such a diagnosis on percutaneous breast biopsy. From January 1, 2006, through October 8, 2013, a total of 33,157 breast core biopsies were performed at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Of those, 58 (0.

Core Breast Biopsies Showing Lobular Carcinoma In Situ Should Be Excised and Surveillance Is Reasonable for Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to determine the upgrade rate to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive carcinoma at excision at the same site after percutaneous breast biopsy findings of atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) or lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) using current imaging and strict pathologic criteria.

Materials And Methods: From January 2006 through September 2013, 32,960 breast core biopsies were performed; 1084 (3.3%) core biopsies found ALH or classic LCIS.

Crohn's Disease With Ovarian Granuloma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

We present an interesting case of a 35-year-old nulligravida with Crohn's disease with ovarian involvement. This is a rare manifestation of Crohn's disease, felt to arise from fistulization between the ovary and the intestine, most commonly the ileum. Our review of the literature revealed 11 additional case reports published in English with a total of 15 cases.

Ultrasound Guided Core Biopsy versus Fine Needle Aspiration for Evaluation of Axillary Lymphadenopathy in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Rationale and Objectives. To compare the sensitivities of ultrasound guided core biopsy and fine needle aspiration (FNA) for detection of axillary lymph node metastases in patients with a current diagnosis of ipsilateral breast cancer. Materials and Methods.

Microcalcification is an important factor in the management of breast intraductal papillomas diagnosed on core biopsy.

The follow-up excision (FUE) results were analyzed from 370 cases diagnosed as intraductal papilloma on breast core needle biopsy (CNB) with no history of malignancy or other risk factors. Of these cases, 98.6% were rendered a Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System score of 4 on mammography before the CNB.