An integrated approach to neuroscience care: An innovative model to support the new integrated care system.

Integrated care systems join up health and care services, so that people have the support they need, in the right place, at the right time. The aims include improving outcomes in healthcare, tackling inequalities in access and enhancing productivity and value for money. This is needed for neuroscience care as the traditional delivery of neuroscience care is inefficient, outdated and expensive, and can involve complex referral pathways and long waiting times.

Oxidation of metal-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA)--complexes during drinking water ozonation.

This study investigates the oxidative transformation of diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA), a synthetic ligand, during drinking water ozonation. The rate coefficients for the reactions of CaDTPA3- and ZnDTPA3- with ozone were determined to be 6200 and 3500 +/- 150 M-1 s-1, respectively. The reactivity of Fe(III)DTPA2- towards ozone was found to be much lower (< 10 M-1 s-1), but near neutral pH the reactivity of the Fe(III)-complexes is dominated by [Fe(III)(OH)]DTPA3-.

[The effect of long-term hypokinesia on the course of pathological processes in animals].

Reported are results of studying the development of pathology in rats and rabbits. Immobilization was found to markedly influence super-heating, local inflammation, and fever. In superheated animals, rise in the rectal temperature in the experiment and control proceeded at a similar speed; however, recovery of temperature in the control rats progressed significantly slower due to, probably, the hyper-compensatory reaction of animals to the thermal exposure.

Contaminated environments in the subsurface and bioremediation: organic contaminants.

Due to leakages, spills, improper disposal and accidents during transport, organic compounds have become subsurface contaminants that threaten important drinking water resources. One strategy to remediate such polluted subsurface environments is to make use of the degradative capacity of bacteria. It is often sufficient to supply the subsurface with nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and aerobic treatments are still dominating.

Initial reactions in the anaerobic oxidation of toluene and m-xylene by denitrifying bacteria.

Pseudomonas sp. strain T and Pseudomonas sp. strain K172 grow with toluene under denitrifying conditions.

[Pharmacological agents for the correction of the processes of work capacity rehabilitation in flight personnel].

Pharmacological correction of performance capability of rehabilitation processes in flight crews depends on the character and intensity of sustained loads under the influence of flight and corresponding changes of energoplastical synthesis in human organism. The authors make a proposal to influence upon the processes of energoproducts not only after the work (postlabour rehabilitation), and immediately in the process of work (current rehabilitation), but also before the flight activities (preventive rehabilitation). The article contains the results of administration of bemitil, panangin, asaparal, acephen, fenibut, natrium oxibutirate and ascorbic acid.

[The electrolyte balance of the blood in dogs exposed to multiple +Gz overloads].

Experiments of the series were carried out using 7 noninbred dogs. In the first series, the animals were exposed to + GZ acceleration of increasing value once or twice a week during 5 months. Each exposure continued until distinct cardiac arrhythmias were seen in ECG.

[Hypovolemic reactions of man and animals to exposure to +GZ load factors of increasing intensity].

Maximal variations of the circulating blood and plasma volumes after water load and/or exposure to increasing +GZ were investigated in manned and animal studies. The animal study demonstrated that the relative changes in the circulating blood and plasma volumes can be calculated using hematocrit or hemoglobin values. On the 2nd minute after exposure to increasing +GZ of up to 14.

[Adaptive and cumulative effects in the dog exposed to routine +GZ acceleration].

The development of adaptive and cumulative effects was investigated in 13 noninbred dogs regularly exposed to +GZ acceleration: Group I dogs were exposed 3 to 4 times a week for 2 months and Group 11 dogs were exposed 1 to 2 times a week for 5 months. The tolerance threshold was evaluated with respect to ECG abnormalities. The study of circulation reactions and acceleration tolerance threshold revealed the predominant development of adaptive changes that were more distinct in Group 11 dogs.

[Incidence and nature of electrocardiographic disorders in the dog after single and multiple exposure to +Gz].

Pathological changes of the ECG were examined in 10 adult dogs exposed to +Gz once a day or 3 times a day for three days a week during 2 to 12 weeks. In response to acceleration all of the dogs developed ECG changes. The frequency and level of these disorders were dependent on the acceleration magnitude and the health state that varied during repeated exposure.

[Effect of tranquilizers on the motivation components and the tactics of operator activities].

The effect of tranquilizers on the motivation components and tactics of operator's activities was investigated, using a model of discrete tracking of a moving object. The correlation-matrix method was applied to determine the region of no error correction. It was shown that specific changes in the tactics of operator's activities developing in response to tranquilizers and reduced motivation were identical.

[Biochemical shifts in the blood plasma of dogs in multiple G-load exposure].

For 3 months experimental dogs were exposed to +Gz acceleration applied 3 times a day for 3 days a week. The initial acceleration value was 8-9 G, then the parameter varied, depending on the tolerance limit which was evaluated with respect to heart rate disorders. Biochemical measurements showed the largest changes (decrease in total protein, increase in sugar, bilirubin, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase and transaminases) after the first day of the repeated exposure to +Gz.

[Characteristics of the course of pyrogenal fever in animals after prolonged hypokinesia].

The experiments on rabbits with pyrogenal fever and amidopyrine injection have demonstrated that their 15- and 30-day exposure to hypokinesia produces changes in the reactivity of thermoregulating centers, their overexcitation and depletion. These changes are more distinct after 15-day hypokinesia.

[Effect of long-term hypokinesia on the course of acute aseptic inflammation].

White rats were kept under hypokinetic conditions for 15, 28 and 60 days. By physiological, microbiological and morphological methods it was demonstrated that hypokinesia had an adverse effect on the clinical development of aseptic inflammation. This effect included a more marked edema and its delayed resorption, an increased temperature of the inflammatory focus, an increased number of infectious complications, involving necrotic foci and ulcerations, enhanced alteration processes, inhibited formation of the demarcation zone, generalized inflammation, etc.

[Psychopharmacology in aviation and astronautics].

Flights aboard modern vehicles are associated with high nervous-emotional and physical stresses. This may induce depletion of reserve capabilities, development of fatigue and, consequently, reduction of work capacity of crewmembers. The paper discusses approaches and results of the use of drugs by pilots and cosmonauts in order to alleviate their fatigue and emotional stress.