Publications by authors named "Glintborg D"
Introduction: Myocardial dysfunction and the presence of calcified and non-calcified coronary plaques are predictors of cardiovascular disease. Masculinizing gender-affirming hormone therapy may increase cardiovascular risk, highlighting the need for prospective studies to evaluate cardiovascular outcomes during gender-affirming hormone therapy.
Objectives: To evaluate changes in cardiac morphology, systolic and diastolic function, and development of coronary plaques after masculinizing gender-affirming hormone therapy.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) present differently in women and men, influenced by host-microbiome interactions. The roles of sex hormones in CVD outcomes and gut microbiome in modifying these effects are poorly understood. The XCVD study examines gut microbiome mediation of sex hormone effects on CVD risk markers by observing transgender participants undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT), with findings expected to extrapolate to cisgender populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntro: Prenatal exposure to synthetic glucocorticoids may increase the risk of emotional symptoms in childhood partly by reducing fetal growth. We explored if physiological levels of prenatal maternal cortisol were associated with internalising problems in boys and girls and if this was mediated by birth weight.
Methods: Mother-child dyads from the prospective Odense Child Cohort (n=1162) were included if maternal serum cortisol (3rd trimester), offspring birth weight, and Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) assessments in preschool age were available.
Transgender identity is often associated with gender dysphoria and minority stress. Gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) includes masculinising or feminising treatment and is expected to be lifelong in most cases. Sex and sex hormones have a differential effect on metabolism and CVD in cisgender people, and sex hormone replacement in hypogonadism is associated with higher vascular risk, especially in ageing individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Question: What is the prospective risk of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Nordic women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) compared to controls?
Summary Answer: A diagnosis of PCOS and BMI ≥30 kg/m2 is a high-risk phenotype for a prospective risk of T2D diagnosis across Nordic countries.
What Is Known Already: The risk of T2D in women with PCOS is increased. The risk of T2D is related to BMI and the magnitude of risk in normal weight women with PCOS has been discussed.
Objective: Gender-affirming care could be associated with higher employment rate. We assessed employment rates in transgender persons compared to controls and demographic, health, and treatment-related factors associated with employment in transgender persons.
Methods: National register-based cohort study in Danish persons with diagnosis code of gender dysphoria during year 2000-2021.
Impact of androgenic anabolic steroid use on cardiovascular and mental health in Danish recreational athletes: protocol for a nationwide cross-sectional cohort study as a part of the Fitness Doping in Denmark (FIDO-DK) study.
BMJ Open
May 2024
Article Synopsis
- * It employs a nationwide cross-sectional cohort approach, comparing 120 AAS users to 60 non-users, with assessments including cardiovascular imaging, blood tests, and questionnaires on mental well-being.
- * The findings will inform a larger follow-up study and have ethical approval from the Regional Committee on Health Research Ethics for Southern Denmark.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on the role of selenium in maternal diets and its potential impact on neurodevelopmental disorders in children, specifically ADHD and ASD, using data from 719 mother-child pairs in Denmark.
- Results showed that higher levels of selenium biomarkers in mothers were linked to a lower prevalence of ADHD traits in their children, with specific associations noted for serum selenium and the protein SELENOP.
- The findings suggest that selenium deficiency may increase the risk of ADHD and ASD traits, highlighting the need for further research, like randomized controlled trials, to explore this potential causal relationship.
Objective: Maternal thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid function in early pregnancy may impact fetal neurodevelopment. We aimed to investigate how thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid function in early pregnancy were associated with language acquisition in offspring at 12-36 months of age.
Methods: This study was embedded in the prospective Odense child cohort.
Unlabelled: High hepcidin is linked to low-grade inflammation and lower iron levels. The consequences of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on inflammation and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are undetermined. We investigate the effect of TRT on the inflammatory cardiovascular risk markers hepcidin-iron, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)-phosphate-klotho, and calprotectin pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOur study aimed to examine the effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on blood pressure in opioid-treated men with relative hypogonadism, and whether the effect of TRT on blood pressure was modified by body composition, red blood cell levels, or carotid intima media thickness. Men (over 18 years old) receiving opioid treatment and total testosterone less than 12 nmol were randomly assigned to receive either TRT or placebo. Baseline and 6-month measurements included anthropometric measurements, office blood pressure (OBPM), 24-h ambulatory blood pressure, blood samples, and carotid ultrasound.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Diet greatly influences the risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and this study examines how essential micronutrients like selenium (Se) relate to GDM in pregnant women with low Se intake.
- The research involved 1,346 pregnant women from Denmark, assessing various biomarkers of Se and glucose metabolism through blood samples taken at different pregnancy stages.
- Results showed that as Se and related biomarkers declined during pregnancy, there were increased risks of GDM and high insulin resistance, with low GPX3 activity also linked to larger-than-average babies.
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent, chronic endocrine-metabolic disorder of adolescents and young women (AYAs), affecting 5-10% of AYAs worldwide. There is no approved pharmacological therapy for PCOS. Standard off-label treatment with oral contraceptives (OCs) reverts neither the underlying pathophysiology nor the associated co-morbidities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Gender affirming treatment aims to improve mental health.
Objective: To investigate longitudinal mental health outcomes in Danish transgender persons.
Design: National register-based cohort study in Danish transgender persons with diagnosis code of "gender identity disorder" during the period 2000-2021.
Article Synopsis
- Early childhood language development is linked to fetal brain maturation, and maternal cortisol levels during the third trimester may influence this process.
- A study with 1,093 mother-child pairs found that higher maternal cortisol was associated with better vocabulary development in boys and girls during specific age ranges.
- Girls had higher maternal cortisol levels than boys, and while high cortisol correlated with receptive vocabulary in girls, it positively impacted productive vocabulary in boys.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined the relationship between maternal testosterone levels and the physical measurements of newborns.
- It included data from 1,486 mother-child pairs and analyzed testosterone levels after collecting blood samples during pregnancy.
- Results showed that higher levels of free testosterone in mothers were associated with lower birth weight, shorter length, and smaller abdominal circumference in male babies, while no significant effects were found for female babies.
Aims: The aim of our meta-analyses was to compare the effects of glucose-lowering drugs on mortality, cardiovascular and renal endpoints for a range of type 2 diabetes (T2D) subgroups defined by their specific cardiovascular risk profile.
Methods: Meta-analyses comparing drugs within the classes of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors were performed and compared to sulphonylureas and DPP-4 inhibitors with available cardiovascular outcome trials. The comparison between the different classes of glucose-lowering drugs included analyses of T2D populations with low risk and high risk for cardiovascular disease including populations with established cardiovascular disease and/or kidney disease.
Background: Prenatal cortisol exposure is essential for neurodevelopment. Maternal cortisol levels could be associated with offspring autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Aim: To investigate associations between maternal 3rd trimester cortisol and offspring traits of ASD and ADHD.
Background: Testosterone replacement therapy in aging men increases lean body mass and decreases whole-body fat. The safety of testosterone replacement therapy concerning cardiovascular disease is unresolved and assessment of whole-body oxidative stress may contribute to future decision making.
Objectives: To determine whole-body oxidative stress during testosterone replacement therapy and placebo in aging men and evaluate if a change in oxidative stress was mediated by changed body composition.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the relationship between maternal cortisol levels in the third trimester and blood pressure in offspring, focusing on data from 1317 mother-child pairs.
- The results indicate that higher maternal cortisol is linked to lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in boys, with significant associations present even after controlling for other factors.
- Ultimately, the research concludes that normal levels of maternal cortisol do not pose a risk for higher blood pressure in children up to five years old, particularly in boys.
Article Synopsis
- Hypogonadism often occurs in men receiving opioid treatment and is linked to low testosterone and increased cardiovascular risks.
- A study involving 37 men with low testosterone examined the effects of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on various coagulation factors over 24 weeks, comparing results between those receiving TRT and a placebo.
- Results showed significant coagulation changes in the TRT group, indicating that TRT may lead to a lower risk of blood clots by decreasing factors associated with the tissue factor pathway, unlike the placebo group, which showed no changes.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance. Few randomized controlled trials (RCT) compared myoinositol (MI) with metformin (MET) regarding insulin resistance in PCOS. This was an open-label six-month RCT in women with PCOS (n = 45) with interventions MI 4 g/day or MET 2 g/day.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To investigate the risk of depression in Danish women with PCOS compared to controls and possible mediators for depression in PCOS. National register-based study in Danish women with PCOS (PCOS Denmark, = 25,203) and age-matched controls ( = 112,414). PCOS Odense University Hospital (PCOS OUH, = 998) was a sub-cohort of women with PCOS with available clinical and biochemical results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cardiovascular risk could be increased in transgender persons, but the mechanism is undetermined.
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in Danish transgender persons compared to controls.
Methods: The study design was a historical register-based cohort study in Danish transgenders and age-matched controls.
Article Synopsis
- This study examined the relationship between hypertension and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women by tracking blood pressure in a cohort of 1,230 participants from Denmark.
- Results indicated that 40% of women tested positive for GDM, and those with GDM experienced higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, especially in overweight women.
- The findings suggest that GDM is linked to increased blood pressure during pregnancy, particularly among those who are overweight, while no significant difference was found in women of normal weight.