Topical pharmacokinetics of brinzolamide suspensions in rabbits and variability analysis for sample size and design considerations.

Identifying critical attributes for complex locally acting ophthalmic formulations and establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations can facilitate selection of appropriate thresholds for formulation changes that reflect lack of impact on in vivo performance. In this study the marketed antiglaucoma product Azopt® (1% brinzolamide suspension) and five other brinzolamide formulations varying in particle size distributions and apparent viscosities were topically administered in rabbits, and their ocular pharmacokinetics was determined in multiple ocular tissues. Statistical evaluation with ANOVA showed no significant differences between the formulations in the peak drug concentration (C) in the aqueous humor and iris-ciliary body.

Pharmacokinetics of Sirolimus in a Novel Liposome Delivery System in Selected Ocular Tissues and Plasma Following a Single Subconjunctival Injection in Dutch Belted Rabbits.

To determine the pharmacokinetics of a proprietary liposomal sirolimus (LS) formulation in ocular tissues and plasma following a single subconjunctival (SCJ) injection in Dutch belted rabbits (DBR). Analytical methods for detection of LS in plasma, aqueous humor (AH), vitreous humor (VH), retina, combined retina/choroid/retinal pigment epithelium, sclera, and iris/ciliary body were developed to examine samples. Thirty male DBR were subconjunctivally injected in both eyes with 0.

Topical pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone suspensions in the rabbit eye: Bioavailability comparison.

Topical corticosteroids are used to treat inflammation of the anterior segment. Due to their low water-solubility, they are often formulated as suspensions, but ocular bioavailability of the suspensions is not known. Herein, ocular pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone in albino rabbits was investigated following intracameral administration of dexamethasone solution and topical administration of three commercial suspensions: Maxidex®, TobraDex®, and TobraDexST®.

Characterization and validation of a chronic retinal neovascularization rabbit model by evaluating the efficacy of anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Aim: To establish a rabbit model with chronic condition of retinal neovascularization (RNV) induced by intravitreal (IVT) injection of DL-2-aminoadipic acid (DL-AAA), a retinal glial (Müller) cell toxin, extensive characterization of DL-AAA induced angiographic features and the suitability of the model to evaluate anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory therapies for ocular vascular diseases.

Methods: DL-AAA (80 mmol/L) was administered IVT into both eyes of Dutch Belted rabbit. Post DL-AAA delivery, clinical ophthalmic examinations were performed weekly following modified McDonald-Shadduck Scoring System.

The Effect of Sodium Iodide on Stromal Loading, Distribution and Degradation of Riboflavin in a Rabbit Model of Transepithelial Corneal Crosslinking.

Purpose: To evaluate effects of sodium iodide (NaI) on riboflavin concentration in corneal stroma before and during ultraviolet A (UVA) light exposure using a novel transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) procedure (EpiSmart CXL system, CXL Ophthalmics, Encinitas CA).

Methods: Riboflavin solutions with NaI (Ribostat, CXL Ophthalmics, Encinitas CA) and without NaI were used for CXL in rabbits using EpiSmart. A pilot study determined sufficient riboflavin loading time.

Comprehensive Ocular and Systemic Pharmacokinetics of Brinzolamide in Rabbits After Intracameral, Topical, and Intravenous Administration.

Brinzolamide is a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor which reduces the production of aqueous humor in the ciliary body, thereby reducing intra-ocular pressure. It is formulated as an ophthalmic suspension. The pharmacokinetics of ocular suspensions is not well understood.

Correction to: Sustained and targeted episcleral delivery of celecoxib in a rabbit model of retinal and choroidal neovascularization.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s40942-018-0131-1.].

Sustained and targeted episcleral delivery of celecoxib in a rabbit model of retinal and choroidal neovascularization.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of selective episcleral delivery of celecoxib formulated in a sustained-release episcleral exoplant on a model of retinal and choroidal neovascularization induced in rabbits by subretinal injection of matrigel combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).

Methods: Nine New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups (episcleral celecoxib exoplant, intravitreal bevacizumab injection and control group). The bFGF was mixed with matrigel at a concentration of 10 ug/0.

Quantitative analysis of corneal stromal riboflavin concentration without epithelial removal.

Purpose: To compare the corneal stromal riboflavin concentration and distribution using 2 transepithelial corneal crosslinking (CXL) systems.

Setting: Absorption Systems, San Diego, California, USA.

Design: Experimental study.

Topical Cross-Linked HA-Based Hydrogel Accelerates Closure of Corneal Epithelial Defects and Repair of Stromal Ulceration in Companion Animals.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the safety of topical ocular administration of a cross-linked, modified hyaluronic acid (xCMHA-S) hydrogel, and its effectiveness in accelerating repair and closure of acute and nonhealing corneal ulcers in companion animals as a veterinary treatment and its utility as a model for therapy in human corneal ulceration.

Methods: Two concentrations of xCMHA-S (0.33% and 0.

Effect of sedation with xylazine and ketamine on intraocular pressure in New Zealand white rabbits.

To determine the effects of intravenous and intramuscular xylazine-ketamine on intraocular pressure (IOP) in laboratory rabbits, 10 New Zealand white rabbits received xylazine (0.46 mg/kg) and ketamine (1.5 mg/kg) intravenously whereas another 10 rabbits received intramuscular xylazine (10 mg/kg) and ketamine (50 mg/kg).