Small field measurements using electronic portal imaging device.

. Small-field measurement poses challenges. Although many high-resolution detectors are commercially available, the EPID for small-field dosimetry remains underexplored.

Early occlusal caries detection using targeted fluorescent starch nanoparticles.

Objectives: We have previously shown fluorescent cationic starch nanoparticles (FCSNs) penetrate enamel surface porosity of active carious lesions, potentially aiding their detection. Here, we evaluate the in vitro diagnostic accuracy of FCSNs in detecting occlusal caries compared to histologic reference standard.

Methods: 100 extracted human teeth were selected with sound (50), or either non-cavitated (25) or cavitated (25) lesions.

Using natural language processing to compare task-specific verbal cues in coached versus noncoached cardiac arrest teams during simulated pediatrics resuscitation.

Objectives: Coaches improve cardiopulmonary (CPR) outcomes in real-world and simulated settings. To explore verbal feedback that targets CPR quality, we used natural language processing (NLP) methodologies on transcripts from a published pediatric randomized trial (coach vs. no coach in simulated CPR).

Machine learning to extract communication and history-taking skills in OSCE transcripts.

Objectives: Observed Structured Clinical Exams (OSCEs) allow assessment of, and provide feedback to, medical students. Clinical examiners and standardised patients (SP) typically complete itemised checklists and global scoring scales, which have known shortcomings. In this study, we applied machine learning (ML) to label some communication skills and interview content information in OSCE transcripts and to compare several ML methodologies by performance and transferability.

Validation of Three-dimensional Electronic Portal Imaging Device-based PerFRACTION™ Software for Patient-Specific Quality Assurance.

Purpose: PerFRACTION™ is a three-dimensional (3D) electronic portal imaging device-based dosimetry software. To validate the software, three phantoms with different inserts (2D array, ionization chamber, and inhomogeneity materials) were constructed to evaluate point dose and fluence map.

Materials And Methods: Phantoms underwent independent computed tomography simulation for planning and received repetitive fractions of volumetric modulated arc therapy, simulating prostate treatment.

Radiotherapy utilization in developing countries: An IAEA study.

Background: The planning of national radiotherapy (RT) services requires a thorough knowledge of the country's cancer epidemiology profile, the radiotherapy utilization (RTU) rates and a future projection of these data. Previous studies have established RTU rates in high-income countries.

Methods: Optimal RTU (oRTU) rates were determined for nine middle-income countries, following the epidemiological evidence-based method.

The prostate cancer screening clinic in the Bahamas: a model for low- and middle-income countries.

Purpose: Grand Bahama (pop. 51,000) is an island within the Bahamas archipelago. A local chapter of International Us TOO Prostate Cancer Support Group (UTGB) has led an annual community-based prostate cancer screening clinic in Grand Bahama each September since 2009.

Outcomes of treatment in men with prostate cancer at the cancer centre Bahamas.

Purpose: This is a first report from The Bahamas of management and long-term outcomes in men with non-metastatic prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy, with or without androgen deprivation therapy, from 2004 to 2016.

Methods: Patients were characterized by baseline factors, stratified by risk groups using tumor stage (clinical T-stage), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test result and Gleason grade, and sorted by treatment combinations (by radiation volume and use of androgen deprivation).

Results: Overall, 205/216 men were Afro-Caribbean.

Vitritis as the initial manifestation of recurrent mycosis fungoides.

Purpose: To report a case of mycosis fungoides in which vitritis was the earliest manifestation of recurrence.

Methods: A 52-year-old man was followed-up from his initial presentation with vitritis to his death due to recurrent mycosis fungoides over a 5-month period.

Results: The patient presented with progressive visual loss in the left eye.

Patient perspectives regarding the value of total skin electron beam therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/mycosis fungoides: a pilot study.

Purpose: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) represents a group of lymphoid malignancies involving the skin with mycosis fungoides being most common. This prospective study was initiated to evaluate perceptions of total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) by patients with mycosis fungoides who had failed at least 3 prior therapies.

Materials And Methods: Before the start of TSEBT, at 1 month and 6 months after the completion of treatment, patients completed an anonymous questionnaire for each of the prior therapies and for TSEBT.

Central neurologic involvement in mycosis fungoides: ten cases, actuarial risk assessment, and predictive factors.

Background: Neurologic involvement in mycosis fungoides is rare. Isolated case reports in the literature suggest the pattern and the natural history for such occurrences, while a literature summary can provide direction on diagnosis and management. Although case series may confirm such information, cohort data are required to establish an overall risk of occurrence and to evaluate possible predictive factors.

Two-dimensional mapping of underdosed areas using radiochromic film for patients undergoing total skin electron beam radiotherapy.

Purpose: To demonstrate the viability of radiochromic film as an in vivo, two-dimensional dosimeter for the measurement of underdosed areas in patients undergoing total skin electron beam (TSEB) radiotherapy. The results were compared with thermoluminescent dosimeter measurements.

Methods And Materials: Dosimetry results are reported for an inframammary fold of 2 patients treated using a modified version of the Stanford six-position (i.

A Phase I-II study in the use of acupuncture-like transcutaneous nerve stimulation in the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia in head-and-neck cancer patients treated with radical radiotherapy.

Purpose: Recent studies have suggested that acupuncture may improve radiation-induced xerostomia with an increase in the median salivary flow rate and sustained symptom relief. An acupuncture-like transcutaneous nerve stimulation method (Codetron) without invasive needles was developed to mimic acupuncture treatment. This Phase I-II study examined the effectiveness of Codetron in treating radiation-induced xerostomia.

Composite depth dose measurement for total skin electron (TSE) treatments using radiochromic film.

Total skin electron (TSE) radiotherapy is routinely used to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and can be implemented using a modified Stanford technique. In our centre, the composite depth dose for this technique is achieved by a combination of two patient positions per day over a three-day cycle, and two gantry angles per patient position. Due to patient morphology, underdosed regions typically occur and have historically been measured using multiple thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs).

Total skin electron radiation in the management of mycosis fungoides: Consensus of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Cutaneous Lymphoma Project Group.

Radiotherapy has been successfully implemented in the treatment of mycosis fungoides (MF) for almost a century. With the development of the modern linear accelerator, it has become possible to treat extended areas of the skin with accelerated electrons. Total skin electron beam radiation (TSEB) has been in use for several decades, and a number of technical modifications have been made with the goals of optimizing dose distribution and improving clinical outcome.