Exploring disparities in healthcare utilization, cancer care experience, and beliefs about cancer among asian and hispanic cancer survivors.

Purpose: Significant disparities exist in cancer detection, treatment, and outcomes for racial/ethnic minoritized groups in the US. The objective of this study was to explore racial/ethnic disparities in healthcare utilization, cancer care experiences, and beliefs about cancer in patients diagnosed with cancer among diverse racial/ethnic groups in the US.

Methods: Data from the Health Information National Trends Survey -Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (HINTS-SEER 2021) were analyzed for 1,108 cancer survivors.

Prospective head motion correction at 3 Tesla with wireless NMR markers and ultrashort echo navigators.

Purpose: Prospective motion correction (PMC) with inductively-coupled wireless NMR markers has been shown to be an effective plug-and-play method for dealing with head motion at 7 Tesla [29,30]. However, technical challenges such as one-to-one identification of three wireless markers, generation of hyper-intense marker artifacts and low marker peak SNR in the navigators has limited the adoption of this technique. The goal of this work is to introduce solutions to overcome these issues and extend this technique to PMC for brain imaging at 3 Tesla.

The Portfolio Diet and HbA1c in Adults Living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Patient-Level Pooled Analysis of Two Randomized Dietary Trials.

The Portfolio Diet, a dietary pattern of cholesterol-lowering foods, is also rich in low glycemic index (GI) foods. While strong evidence supports clinically meaningful reductions in cholesterol, evidence on the relationship between the Portfolio Diet and diabetes management is lacking. To evaluate the relationship between the Portfolio Diet and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a determinant of glycemic control among adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Simulation model to assess the validity of the clinical portfolio diet score used in the PortfolioDiet.app for dietary self-tracking: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial in hyperlipidemic adults.

Introduction: The Portfolio Diet combines cholesterol-lowering plant foods for the management of cardiovascular disease risk. However, the translation of this dietary approach into clinical practice necessitates a user-friendly method for patients to autonomously monitor their adherence.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate the clinical-Portfolio Diet Score (c-PDS) as a food-based metric to facilitate self-tracking of the Portfolio Diet.

Integration of epidemiological and blood biomarker analysis links haem iron intake to increased type 2 diabetes risk.

Dietary haem iron intake is linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying plasma biomarkers are not well understood. We analysed data from 204,615 participants (79% females) in three large US cohorts over up to 36 years, examining the associations between iron intake and T2D risk. We also assessed plasma metabolic biomarkers and metabolomic profiles in subsets of 37,544 (82% females) and 9,024 (84% females) participants, respectively.

Susceptibility of pESI positive Salmonella to treatment with biocide chemicals approved for use in poultry meat processing as compared to Salmonella without the pESI plasmid.

Salmonella is a common cause of human foodborne illness, which is frequently associated with consumption of contaminated or undercooked poultry meat. Serotype Infantis is among the most common serotypes isolated from poultry meat products globally. Isolates of serotype Infantis carrying the pESI plasmid, the most dominant strain of Infantis, have been shown to exhibit oxidizer tolerance.

The methods and baseline characteristics of a multi-site randomized controlled trial evaluating mindfulness-based relapse prevention in conjunction with peer support to improve adherence to medications for opioid use disorders.

Introduction: Medications for opioid use disorders (MOUD) remain the gold standard for treating OUD, but treatment initiation and adherence remain challenging. Exclusive utilization of pharmacotherapy as a treatment modality for OUD is sub-optimal, and a combination of psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies is recommended. General trends indicate the benefits of peer mentoring and MBRP separately.

Effects of psychopathic traits on preferential recall and recognition of emotionally evocative photos.

Psychopathic traits are associated with impaired emotional processing. The present study examines the potential association between psychopathic traits and memory for emotional stimuli. Although a significant body of research suggests that memory is heightened for emotional stimuli, it is unclear how psychopathic traits may disrupt this process.

Macro-micro exploration on dynamic interaction between aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and maize kernels using Vis/NIR hyperspectral imaging and SEM technology.

Aspergillus flavus and its toxic metabolites-aflatoxins infect and contaminate maize kernels, posing a threat to grain safety and human health. Due to the complexity of microbial growth and metabolic processes, dynamic mechanisms among fungal growth, nutrient depletion of maize kernels and aflatoxin production is still unclear. In this study, visible/near infrared (Vis/NIR) hyperspectral imaging (HSI) combined with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to elucidate the critical organismal interaction at kernel (macro-) and microscopic levels.

Synergistic Effects of Essential Oils and Organic Acids against Contamination in Poultry Feed.

Organic acids and essential oils are commonly used in the poultry industry as antimicrobials and for their beneficial effects on gut health, growth performance, and meat quality. A common postharvest storage fungal colonist, , contaminates corn, the primary component of poultry feed, with the highly detrimental mycotoxin, aflatoxin. Aflatoxin adversely affects poultry feed intake, feed conversion efficiency, weight gain, egg production, fertility, hatchability, and poultry meat yield.

Development of an Emergency Department Case Management Case-Finding Tool.

Purpose Of Study: Identifying emergency department (ED) patients who are at high risk for return visits is an important goal for case management to improve patient care. This quality improvement study describes the development and evaluation of the Emergency Department Case Management Priority Score (EDCMPS), an electronic medical record (EMR)-based "case-finding" system, and its ability to identify these high-risk patients. In addition, the authors present data about its acceptability among emergency department case managers (ED CMs).

Portfolio Diet Score and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Findings From 3 Prospective Cohort Studies.

Background: The plant-based Portfolio dietary pattern includes recognized cholesterol-lowering foods (ie, plant protein, nuts, viscous fiber, phytosterols, and plant monounsaturated fats) shown to improve several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in randomized controlled trials. However, there is limited evidence on the role of long-term adherence to the diet and CVD risk. The primary objective was to examine the relationship between the Portfolio Diet Score (PDS) and the risk of total CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke.

Strengthening Warfighter Resiliency Using Broad-Spectrum or Host-Directed Therapies within the Rapid Acquisition and Investigation of Drugs for Repurposing Program.

To maintain cadence with looming threats in a prolonged field-care environment, the broader medical countermeasure (MCM) enterprise must adopt new strategies for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN)-addressing drug development. The Countering Emerging Threats - Rapid Acquisition and Investigation of Drugs for Repurposing (CET RAIDR) program within the Joint Program Manager for CBRN Medical is designed to rapidly tackle known, unknown, and emerging threats by utilizing late-stage or licensed therapeutics. The focus of the CET RAIDR effort is to bridge treatment gaps between threat identification and the implementation of licensed targeted MCMs, thereby strengthening warfighter resiliency.

Changes in Coffee Intake, Added Sugar and Long-Term Weight Gain - Results from Three Large Prospective US Cohort Studies.

Background: Consumption of both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee has been reported to attenuate long-term weight gain. Whether the association between coffee consumption and weight gain depends on the addition of sugar, cream, or coffee whitener remains unclear.

Objective: We aimed to study the associations between changes in coffee consumption, caffeine intake, and weight changes by considering the addition of sugar, cream, or a nondairy coffee whitener.

Genomic loss of the HSP70cA gene in the vertebrate lineage.

Metazoan 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) genes have been classified into four lineages: cytosolic A (HSP70cA), cytosolic B (HSP70cB), endoplasmic reticulum (HSP70er), and mitochondria (HSP70m). Because previous studies have identified no HSP70cA genes in vertebrates, we hypothesized that this gene was lost on the evolutionary path to vertebrates. To test this hypothesis, the present study conducted a comprehensive database search followed by phylogenetic and synteny analyses.

Study design and protocol for Nourishing Beginnings, an integrated service delivery model addressing food insecurity and social needs of low-income pregnant individuals.

Background: Nourishing Beginnings is an integrated referral and service delivery model supporting Medicaid-eligible pregnant individuals by providing increased nutritional food access throughout pregnancy up to three months postpartum, through community health workers (CHW), who simultaneously address and provide support for social service needs of the client.

Methods: To study the impact of possible interventions on food security, the program includes two distinct interventions each paired with traditional CHW services, nutrition educational materials, and provision of basic essential cooking tools. Interventions consist of either bi-weekly home food delivery from the local food bank or bi-weekly financial assistance with healthy food access navigation.

Measurement of Direct-Photon Cross Section and Double-Helicity Asymmetry at sqrt[s]=510 GeV in p[over →]+p[over →] Collisions.

We present measurements of the cross section and double-helicity asymmetry A_{LL} of direct-photon production in p[over →]+p[over →] collisions at sqrt[s]=510  GeV. The measurements have been performed at midrapidity (|η|<0.25) with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.

Psychopathic traits and social brain responses during moral evaluation in adolescence.

Brain functioning underlying moral decision-making in adolescents with psychopathic traits is relatively less understood. This fMRI study examined the neural correlates of moral decision-making in relation to psychopathic traits, as measured by the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI), in a sample of 16 community-recruited youth (mean age=13.94) with reported behavior problems.

Association between postnatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure controlling for prenatal exposure and conduct problems in children: A systematic review.

Prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is commonly associated with conduct problems in children. However, there is limited research on the effects of postnatal ETS exposure on the development of conduct problems, and many studies focusing on the postnatal period fail to control for the effects of prenatal ETS. This systematic review explores the association between postnatal ETS exposure and child conduct problems in studies that control for prenatal ETS exposure.

The Antioxidant Capacity of Breast Milk and Plasma of Women with or without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Women with gestational diabetes (GD) have reduced antioxidant capacity; however, the relationship between maternal diet, maternal biochemical capacity, breast milk concentration, and infant intake has not been adequately explored in the literature. An exploration of underlying mechanism(s) is warranted, particularly for nutrient antioxidants impacted by maternal intake. These nutrients may provide a means for modifying maternal and infant antioxidant capacity.