First report of aberrant sperm in Edessinae and analysis of the male reproductive system of Edessa rufomarginata (De Geer, 1773) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

Edessinae is one of the ten subfamilies of Pentatomidae, and it is further divided into seven genera. Among these, Edessa Fabricius, 1803 is the most diverse genus, boasting around 300 species recognized for their ecological and economic significance worldwide. The inclusion of various pentatomids in the Edessa genus has led to mistakes in its taxonomy due to common morphological features and misidentifications.

Evidence of antiparallel sperm bundles and limited sperm production in adult males of Phaleria testacea Say, 1824 (Tenebrionidae, Diaperinae).

In this study, we investigated the male reproductive system and sperm morphology of Phaleria testacea using both light and transmission electron microscopy. Our findings revealed important testicular features, such as the antiparallel arrangement of sperm in the testicular cysts, limited sperm prodution in adult males, defective spermatozoa, and bodies of cellular membranes in deterioration. We also observed more spermatids per cyst than in most Tenebrionoidea.

Morphology of the male reproductive system and spermatozoa of Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) iguazu Flint, 1983 (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae).

The Trichoptera, holometabolous aquatic insects found worldwide except in Antarctica, exhibit a unique feature in their sperm, which are solely nucleated (eupyrene). Current knowledge on Trichoptera sperm is limited to Old World species. To enhance our understanding of their reproductive biology and contribute to systematic discussions, we describe the male reproductive system and spermatozoa of Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) iguazu Flint, 1983 (Hydropsychidae).

Sperm morphology of Tingidae Laporte, 1833 (Miroidea: Cimicomorpha).

Here, we describe for the first time the sperm morphology of Tingidae (Heteroptera). They are small insects presenting lacy patterns on their pronotum and hemielytra and are exclusively phytophagous, with many economically important species. We studied five species of the tribe Tingini (Tinginae): Teleonemia scrupulosa, Vatiga illudens, Gargaphia lunulata, Leptopharsa sp.

Morphology of the male reproductive system and sperm of Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas, 1852) (Heteroptera: Coreidae).

Taxonomic data on Coreidae have been fragmented over time and need to be revised. Likewise, data related to the development of germ cells and the features of the male reproductive system, including sperm, will contribute to understanding the biological mechanisms of reproduction and the systematics of its representatives. Aiming to provide these data, we describe the morphology of the male reproductive system and spermatozoa of Leptoglossus zonatus using light and transmission electron microscopies, respectively.

Sperm ultrastructure of Pycnoderes incurvus (Hemiptera: Miridae).

The sperm morphology can provide helpful information about sexual selection, phylogeny, and the evolutionary history of a given animal group. However, there is limited or no knowledge of many taxa, especially those belonging to insects, a vast and highly diverse group. An example is the Miridae, or plant bugs, which belong to the infraorder Cimicomorpha (Heteroptera), where only three out of 17 families have published data on their sperm morphology.

New Findings on the Sperm Structure of Tenebrionoidea (Insecta, Coleoptera).

The sperm ultrastructure of a few representative species of Tenebrionoidea was studied. Two species belong to the Mordellidae ( sp.), one species to Oedemeridae (), and one species to Tenebrionidae ().

The sperm ultrastructure of members of basal Tenebrionoidea (Coleoptera).

The sperm ultrastructure of some beetles of Tenebrionoidea was studied with particular attention to those of the Ripiphoridae, Mordellidae, and Meloidae. These three groups are often thought to form a clade, which is the sister group of the remaining Tenebrionoidea. The testes of the two former families have thinner but longer spermatic cysts containing fewer and longer sperm.

The sperm ultrastructure of the click beetles (Elateridae) and related groups (Buprestidae and Lampyridae).

In the present study, we describe the sperm morphology of 11 species of Elateriformia (9 elaterids, 1 lampyrid and 1 buprestid) using transmission electron microscopy. All species exhibited sperm that is not usually observed in insects in general. The most highlighted features are the displacement of the nucleus running parallel to the flagellar components, hitherto observed only in coccinellid and carabid beetles, and the presence of thin and dense structures along the nucleus, probably derived from the centriole adjunct, a feature that is so far exclusive to these insects.

Sperm ultrastructure of three species of ladybirds (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae).

The sperm of three coccinellid species belonging to the subfamilies Chilocorinae, Coccinellinae and Epilachninae were studied under light and transmission electron microscopy. The basic sperm structure of these ladybirds is common to that of the other previously studied species, especially the acrosome in front of the basal body and not the nucleus, with this latter running parallel with the flagellar components. In the Chilocorinae Platynaspis luteorubra (Platynaspidini) the sperm are of the type 1, as in Scymnini and Coccinellini, since they exhibited a cylindrical basal body with 9 + 0 and then 9 + 2, microtubules continuing further in an initial flagellar portion with the only axoneme devoid of accessory structures.

Sperm morphology of Elasmus polistis Burks, 1971 (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae).

The sperm morphology of the parasitoid Elasmus polistis (Eulophidae) has been investigated with light and transmission electron microscopy. The sperm were filiform and spiraled, with 165.6 (± 4.

The peculiar structure of the flagellar axoneme in Coccinellidae (Insecta-Coleoptera).

The ultrastructure of the complex organisation of the spermatozoa in Harmonia axyridis and Adalia decempunctata (Coccinellidae) was studied, with particular emphasis on the origin of the anterior shifting of the axonemal structure, which becomes parallel to the nucleus in the sperm flagellum. In studying the spermiogenesis, a centriolar remodelling was observed with the long centriole, present in the early spermatids, transformed in the spermatozoa into an exceptionally long and narrowed basal body (about 0.16 × 3.

Fine structure of the ladybird spermatozoa (Insecta, Coleoptera, Coccinellidae).

The sperm structure of several ladybird species belonging to different subfamilies of Coccinellidae was studied. Three main sperm types were clearly recognized, and were characterized by differences in acrosomal length, the presence of a dense coat around the acrosome, the length of the basal body, the amount of the centriole adjunct material, and the diameter of the mitochondrial derivatives. However, the whole group shares a pattern of the posterior sperm region uncommon for insects, in which the axoneme and other flagellar components are running parallel with the nucleus.

Re-description of the sperm morphology of Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae).

The corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis, which is one of the most important vectors of maize diseases, had the morphology of its spermatozoa described more than 40 years ago. However, the description is imprecise, requiring certain rectifications. Hence, we re-describe the sperm morphology of this species using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Evidence of a procentriole during spermiogenesis in the coccinellid insect Adalia decempunctata (L): An ultrastructural study.

We studied spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis in Adalia decempunctata (L), a beetle of the Coccinellidae family. The spermatocyte exhibits two centrioles which elongate to form a pair of primary cilia. A novel structure, appearing in cross sections as a dense droplet, is observed near the long centriole during spermiogenesis, and is soon accompanied by a procentriole (PCL).

RELEVANCE OF WHOLE BODY VIBRATION EXERCISE IN SPORT: A SHORT REVIEW WITH SOCCER, DIVER AND COMBAT SPORT.

Background: Whole body vibration exercise (WBVE) has been used as a safe and accessible exercise and important reviews have been published about the use of this exercise to manage diseases and to improve physical conditions of athletes The aim of this paper is to highlight the relevance of WBVE to soccer players, divers and combat athletes.

Material And Methods: This study was made through a systematic review of publications involving WBVE and the selected sports in two databases (Pubmed and PEDRo).

Results: It were identified 10 studies involving WBVE and sports (6 of soccer, 2 of diving and 2 of sport combat) with 156 subjects (80 soccer players, 32 divers and 44 combat athletes), with age from 17 to 44 years old.

Testicular, spermatogenesis and sperm morphology in Martarega bentoi (Heteroptera: Notonectidae).

The testicular, spermatogenesis and sperm morphology of the backswimmer Martarega bentoi was described using light and transmission electron microscopy. In this species, a pair of testes, two deferent ducts, two different pairs of accessory glands, and an ejaculatory duct form the male reproductive system. Each testis consists of two testicular follicles, which are arranged side by side in snail shape.

Sperm morphology of the leafhopper Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea: Liviidae).

In this study, by using light and electron microscopy, we describe the sperm morphology of the leafhopper Diaphorina citri, a serious pest of citrus throughout the world. In this species the sperm measures 538.49±8.

First record of gregarines (Apicomplexa) in seminal vesicle of insect.

Gregarines (Apicomplexa) are a diverse group of protozoan parasites, which infects gut and other body cavities of invertebrate hosts. In reproductive system of insects, gregarine has been reported only in the accessory glands and spermathecae of females; therefore, this is the first report of a gregarine species in seminal vesicles of insects. Different developmental stages, including sporozoytes, oocysts and trophozoites were described from morphological descriptions using light and electron transmission microscopy.

The sperm structure and spermiogenesis of the heteropteran Coptosoma scutellatum (Geoffroy) with emphasis on the development of the centriole adjunct.

The sperm structure and spermiogenesis of the morphologically peculiar heteropteran Coptosoma scutellatum has been examined with electron microscopy. The sperm has a short monolayer acrosome, a cylindrical nucleus, a 9+9+2 axoneme and two mitochondrial derivatives with crystallized matrix. It shows the synapomorphies typical of the group, consisting of (a) two crystallized areas in the mitochondrial derivatives; (b) the presence of two bridges connecting the intertubular material of the flagellar axoneme to the flattened cisterns adhering to the inner sides of the mitochondrial derivatives; (c) the absence of accessory bodies.

The sperm ultrastructure and spermiogenesis of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with evidence of cyst degeneration.

Previous studies on the spermatogenesis of tenebrionid beetles showed the unusual formation of two antiparallel sperm bundles per cyst. In this work we reported this feature also in Tribolium castaneum using light and transmission electron microscopy. The sperm structure of T.

The sperm ultrastructure of Stictoleptura cordigera (Füssli, 1775) (Insecta, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae).

The spermatozoa of the longhorn beetles Stictoleptura cordigera were ultrastructurally described in this paper. They have an apical bilayered acrosome, an elongated nucleus, a centriole with star-shape links, two asymmetric mitochondrial derivatives partially crystallized and a 9+9+2 flagellar axoneme with accessory tubules provided with 16 protofilaments in their wall. A centriole adjunct is present and gives rise to two thick laminae as accessory bodies, also asymmetrical, to which two relatively small puff-like structures of different size are connected.

Sperm morphology and phylogeny of lagriids (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae).

The systematics of tenebrionids remain unclear, principally at the subfamily level, as is the case of the Lagriinae. Considering that sperm morphology has contributed to the various insect group phylogenies, in this work we describe the structure and ultrastructure of these cells in Lagria villosa. Sperm in this species exhibit a strong morphological similarity to those of Tenebrio molitor and Tribolium castaneum, the only two species of Tenebrionidae with previously described sperm.